Koaⁿ-Gâm
Koaⁿ-gâm (肝癌) sī hoat-seng tī koaⁿ-chōng ia̍h-sī ùi koaⁿ-chōng khai-sí ê ok-sèng chéng-liû.
| Liver cancer | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Hepatic cancer, primary hepatic malignancy, primary liver cancer |
 | |
| CT scan of a liver with cholangiocarcinoma | |
| Specialty | Gastroenterology Hepatology Oncology |
| Symptoms | Lump or pain in the right side below the rib cage, swelling of the abdomen, yellowish skin, easy bruising, weight loss, weakness |
| Usual onset | 55 to 65 years old |
| Causes | hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcoholism, aflatoxin, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver flukes |
| Diagnostic method | Blood tests, medical imaging, tissue biopsy |
| Prevention | Immunization against hepatitis B, treating those infected with hepatitis B or C, decreasing exposure to aflatoxin, decreasing high levels of alcohol consumption |
| Treatment | Surgery, targeted therapy, radiation therapy |
| Prognosis | Five-year survival rates ~18% (US); 40% (Japan) |
| Frequency | 618,700 (point in time in 2015) |
| Deaths | 782,000 (2018) |
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