Victor Amadeus III (Vittorio Amadeo Maria; 26 June 1726–16 October 1796) was King of Sardinia from 1773 until his death.
Although he was politically conservative, he carried out numerous administrative reforms until declaring war on revolutionary France in 1792.
Victor Amadeus III | |||||
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King of Sardinia | |||||
Reign | 20 February 1773–16 October 1796 | ||||
Predecessor | Charles Emmanuel III | ||||
Successor | Charles Emmanuel IV | ||||
Born | Royal Palace of Turin, Turin | 26 June 1726||||
Died | 16 October 1796 Castle of Moncalieri, Turin | (aged 70)||||
Burial | Basilica of Superga, Turin | ||||
Spouse | Maria Antonia of Spain | ||||
Issue | Charles Emmanuel IV, King of Sardinia Maria Giuseppina, Countess of Provence Maria Teresa, Countess of Artois Maria Anna, Duchess of Chablais Victor Emmanuel I, King of Sardinia Prince Maurizio, Duke of Montferrat Maria Carolina, Electoral Princess of Saxony Charles Felix, King of Sardinia Prince Giuseppe, Count of Asti | ||||
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House | House of Savoy | ||||
Father | Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia | ||||
Mother | Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg |
Born at the Royal Palace of Turin, he was a son of Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia and his second wife Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg. He was styled as the Duke of Savoy from birth. As a young prince, he surrounded himself with intellectuals and stayed far from public life.
He married Maria Antonia of Spain (1729–1785), youngest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese, on 31 May 1750 at Oulx and later had twelve children. He had a loving relationship with his wife who exerted little influence over her husband]. The marriage had been arranged by Maria Antonia's half brother, the ruling Ferdinand VI of Spain.
When Victor Amadeus came to the throne in 1773 he started working on bureaucratic and military aspects of the reign. He was suspicious of anything innovative.
At the outbreak of the French Revolution, Victor Amadeus III allowed his two son's in law, the Counts of Artois, Provence and the Princesses Marie Adélaïde and Victoire to stay in his kingdom under his protection.
He died at the Castle of Moncalieri having suffered an attack of apoplexy. He died leaving an economically damaged kingdom and two key provinces–Savoy and Nice–devastated having suffered at the hands of French revolutionary forces. He was buried at the Basilica of Superga in Turin.
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