Scipio Africanus: Roman general and politician (236/235–183 BC)
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (236–183 BC) was a general in the Second Punic War and a politician of the Roman Republic.
He was best known for defeating Hannibal of Carthage.
Publius Cornelius Scipio | |
|---|---|
 Roman bronze bust of Scipio Africanus the Elder from the National Archaeological Museum, Naples (Inv. No. 5634), dated mid-first century BC Excavated from the Villa of the Papyri at Herculaneum by Karl Jakob Weber, 1750–65. | |
| Consul of the Roman Republic | |
| In office 1 January 205 BC – 1 January 204 BC Serving with P. Licinius Crassus Dives | |
| Preceded by | Q. Caecilius Metellus and L. Venturius Philo |
| Succeeded by | M. Cornelius Cethegus and P. Sempronius Tuditanus |
| In office 1 January 194 BC – 1 January 193 BC Serving with Ti. Sempronius Longus | |
| Preceded by | M. Porcius Cato and L. Valerius Flaccus |
| Succeeded by | L. Cornelius Merula and Q. Minucius Thermus |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 236 BC Rome, Italy, Roman Republic |
| Died | 183 BC (aged 53) Liternum, Roman Republic |
| Spouse(s) | Aemilia Tertia |
| Children | Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (priest), Lucius Cornelius Scipio (praetor), Cornelia Africana Major, Cornelia Africana |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Roman Republic |
| Rank | Proconsul |
| Battles/wars | Second Punic War Battle of Ticinus Battle of the Trebia Battle of Cannae Battle of Cartagena Battle of Baecula Battle of Ilipa Battle of Utica Battle of the Great Plains Battle of Zama Roman–Seleucid War Battle of Magnesia |
Scipio won the battle of Zama in North Africa. He got the last name Africanus and became known as one of the best commanders in military history. The battle was a complete disaster for Carthage, who had to beg for peace, and were given humiliating terms by Rome.
References
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