Herbert Kitchener, 1St Earl Kitchener: Irish officer and colonial administrator in the British Army (1850–1916)
Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener KG, KP, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, ADC, PC (24 June 1850 – 4 June 1916) was a British field marshal.
| Field Marshal The Right Honourable The Earl Kitchener KG, KP, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, ADC, PC | |
|---|---|
 Kitchener in 1914 | |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | British Army |
| Years of service | 1871 – 1916 |
| Rank | Field Marshal |
Born in Ireland, Kitchener was Sirdar (British Commander in Chief) of the Egyptian Army. He defeated the Mahdist rebels against Egyptian rule in 1898 and conquered the Sudan for Britain and (nominally) Egypt.
He was chief of staff during the Boer War of 1899 to 1902. From 1899 to 1900, he was also commander-in-chief of the forces in southern Africa. He was allowed into many orders of chivalry, both British and foreign, including Knight of St. Patrick and Knight of the Garter.
At the start of the First World War, British Prime Minister Herbert Asquith appointed Lord Kitchener as Secretary of State for War. A massive recruitment campaign began for the New Armies, also called "Kitchener's Army". His image was used in a famous advertisement. Kitchener was drowned in 1916 when HMS Hampshire ssnk near the Orkney Islands after it had hit a German mine.
References
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