Definition 2a conclusion.
Definition 4a conclusion.
Definition 6a conclusion.
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— SMcCandlish Talk⇒ ɖ∘¿¤þ Contribs. 12:36, 27 January 2012 (UTC)
— SMcCandlish Talk⇒ ɖ∘¿¤þ Contribs. 12:36, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
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No known graphical browsers include the automatically generated list item numbers or bullets as copy-pasteable content. Try it yourself:
Note that you can copy-paste neither the item number nor the bullet. The entire block of content will paste (e.g. into a word processor file or an e-mail) as just:
An ordered list itemAn unordered list item
In most cases in Wikipedia article content, which is intended to be re-used in as many ways as possible, the numbering is important to the content, and in some cases crucial (see, for example, the numbered lists at Billiard balls). Bullets are usually less important, but they are a strong aid to readability in both graphical and text-based browsers, and in copy-pasted list content. Because these list item markers are, in the encyclopedic context, actually valuable content, it is better to suppress the display of auto-generated numbers and bullets, and instead number and bulletize the items manually. This largely does not apply to project pages, talk pages, and other non-article material, since it is generally internal to the project and not intended for broad reuse.
As of this writing, the only known technique for making list numbers and bullets copy-pasteable requires manual use of HTML and CSS, instead of just wiki markup's "#" and "*" shorthand, which do not work properly for this purpose. While there is not presently a non-manual means of resolving this copy-paste issue, the MediaWiki developers and/or some Wikipedia template editors may eventually provide improved, easier methods.
The next few sections on different pasteable list types shows basic coding, without getting into alignment formatting, which is in subsequent sections.
- 1. An unordered item
- 2. Another unordered item
gives
|
If the list does not begin with 1, it is good for metadata reasons to ensure that the start=
position is correct anyway, since software tools parsing the content may not even notice that the display is visually suppressed, and use this value for their own purposes:
- 242. An unordered item
- 243. The next item
gives
Descending series (or numbers otherwise not incrementally ascending) should be be done individually:
- 242. An unordered item
- 241. The next descending item
gives
gives
gives
Compare the autogenerated version:
MediaWiki's built-in parsing of wikicode leaves a lot to be desired when it comes to flexible and consistent formatting of lists. By using HTML and wiki templates, a much richer system of list control is available.
The MediaWiki parser puts the manual numbering (and bulleting) of custom lists like this inside the content of each list item, but does not move the lists items to the left when the auto-generated bullets and numbers are suppressed; it is as if the parse is reserving space for "phantom" number.
We have to overcome this minor formatting problem with CSS (when it matters - in articles with only one, short list, or several formatted the same way, the exact positioning isn't really of any concern).
Ordered, numbered lists look best when aligned to the decimal point (or other punctuation) following the number. The MediaWiki parser does this automatically with its very simple but limited wikicode markup. For more complex lists done in HTML, this compensation has to be performed manually.
For simpler lists that will not clash in appearance with other lists on the same page (because they're formatted this way too, they're bullet lists, or there aren't any), the easy way is to just use
to the left of the shorter numbers enough times that it looks right, usually twice per missing digit:
This is really only practical for short lists, and is only approximate (because some numerals are wider than others in most fonts). The technique remains useful for lists with few item, each of which has a substantial amount of content, making it difficult to notice any slight misalignment. Note that the margin-left
value will have to be adjusted for longer lists (see single, double and triple digit code below for exact values) to get positioning that is near-identical to auto-generated lists.
Compare the poor formatting of the unadjusted version:
Compare auto-generated code:
The initially more complex but more precise and much less tedious method is to use CSS to adjust the positions of base-10 blocks of list items::
Each sublist after the first must be kerned upward 0.4em a little bit to conform the gap between lists to the size of the space between items. This is done with margin-top: -0.4em;
The margin-left
specifics for lining up the decimals are detailed below.
One digit:
Compare the auto-generated version:
Two digits:
Compare the auto-generated versions:
or the sloppy but shorter
Three digits:
Compare the auto-generated versions:
or the sloppy but shorter
Just for the record, four digits:
Compare the auto-generated versions:
or the sloppy but shorter
Really, if there are more than three digits, this method is not likely to be practical, and auto-generated lists should be used, and/or consider breaking the page up into a series of pages.
Bullets, unordered, aligned with first ordered digit:
When used at end of an ordered list:
Bullets, unordered, aligned with auto-generated unordered bullets (to the extent possible):
This is the best compromise alignment possible, as noted above. For browser-by-browser details, see Template:Lidot's documentation.
No digits or bullets, ordered in metadata, aligned with first ordered digit:
No digits or bullets, ordered in metadata, aligned with ordered values:
No digits or bullets, unordered, aligned with first ordered digit:
No digits or bullets, unordered, aligned with ordered values:
No digits or bullets, unordered, aligned with unordered bullets:
This is the best compromise alignment possible. It is a hair too far to the right in Firefox and Explorer, and a bit too leftward for Chrome and Safari, but this is all we can do, because bullet size and spacing are not codified in the W3C HTML specifications, so each browser maker does whatever they want.
No digits or bullets, unordered, aligned with unordered values:
is generally close enough, but off by approximately -0.01em in most browsers; this can be fixed with the following, with no adverse effect on browsers that do not support kerning this fine:
Unordered bullet list inside ordered numbered list item:
Compare auto-generated version, with bullets indented too far (and blue):
Unordered no-bullet list inside ordered numbered list item:
There is no auto-generated equivalent.
Unordered bullet list inside unordered bullet list item (and blue like the auto-generated ones):
Compare auto-generated version:
For black bullets, use {{lidot2}}
A traditional outline, in the order I., A., 1., a., i., then I)..., then (I)...; the first six levels are shown:
There is no auto-generated equivalent, only a hybrid HTML and wiki-markup version that isn't really any easier.
As a rule of thumb:
then it is recommended to use pasteable lists to increase the usability of the article.
No editor should feel obligated to use the more complex pasteable list code; the top priority at Wikipedia is the creation of verifiable, reliable articles, and any impediment to doing so can be ignored by convention. The other side of this coin is that editors are free to improve articles in many ways, and a major goal of the entire WikiMedia project is to make this content as broadly useful and usable as possible, so revert-warring to prevent another editor from converting a list to the more detailed but flexible format is strongly discouraged.
Chicken Nuggets
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