Trimotor
A trimotor is a propeller-driven aircraft powered by three internal combustion engines, characteristically one on the nose and one on each wing.
A compromise between complexity and safety, such a configuration was typically a result of the limited power of the engines available to the designer. Many trimotors were designed and built in the 1920s and 1930s as the most effective means of maximizing payload.
Other - and uncommon - configurations include engines above the wing, as on seaplanes, including in pusher configuration, and an engine on each wing and one on the tail.
The best known trimotors are the Fokker F, Ford AT, and Junkers Ju series aircraft.
Gallery
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Ford Trimotor, a pioneering all-metal triplane -
Fokker F.VIIb/3m landing in Brisbane in 1928 after making first crossing of the Pacific -
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Only three Avia 51 were produced -
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Savoia Marchetti S.M.79 in formation during WW2 -
Rohrbach Romar under construction -
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List of trimotors
| Aircraft name | Country of origin | Year Developed |
|---|---|---|
| AD Seaplane Type 1000 | UK | 1916 |
| Airspeed Ferry | UK | 1932 |
| Airworthy Terrier | US | 1928 |
| Anatra DE | Russia | 1916 |
| ANF Les Mureaux 140T | France | 1932 |
| Armstrong Whitworth Argosy | UK | 1926 |
| Avia 51 | Czechoslovakia | 1933 |
| Avia 57 | Czechoslovakia | 1935 |
| Aviméta 132 | France | 1927 |
| Avis BGV-1 | Austria | 1924 |
| Avro 618 Ten | UK | 1929 |
| Avro 619 Five | UK | 1929 |
| Avro 624 Six | UK | 1930 |
| Bach 3-CT Air Yacht | US | 1927 |
| Barcala-Cierva-Díaz BCD.3 | Spain | 1919 |
| Batson Air Yacht/Dragonfly | US | 1913 |
| Beardmore Inflexible | UK | 1928 |
| Beechcraft Model 18 Tiara engine testbed | US | 1966 |
| Bellanca 28-92 | US | 1937 |
| Bernard 60 | France | 1929 |
| Bernard 160 | France | 1932 |
| Bernard SIMB AB 16 | France | 1927 |
| Besson MB.36 | France | 1930 |
| Blackburn Iris | UK | 1926 |
| Blackburn Perth | UK | 1933 |
| Blackburn Sydney | UK | 1930 |
| Bloch MB.60 | France | 1930 |
| Bloch MB.120 | France | 1932 |
| Bloch MB.300 | France | 1935 |
| Blohm & Voss BV 138 | Germany | 1937 |
| Boeing Model 80 | US | 1928 |
| Boulton Paul P.32 | UK | 1931 |
| Bratu 220 | Romania | 1932 |
| Breda A.14 | Italy | 1928 |
| Breda Ba.32 | Italy | 1931 |
| Breda Ba.46 | Italy | 1934 |
| Breda CC.20 | Italy | 1929 |
| Breguet XI | France | 1916 |
| Breguet 393T | France | 1931 |
| Breguet 521 | France | 1933 |
| Bresciani Bre.1 | Italy | 1915 |
| Britten-Norman Trislander | UK | 1970 |
| Brown-Mercury | US | 1928 |
| CANT 6 | Italy | 1925 |
| CANT 22 | Italy | 1927 |
| CANT 23 | Italy | 1932 |
| CANT Z.506 | Italy | 1935 |
| CANT Z.508 | Italy | 1936 |
| CANT Z.509 | Italy | 1937 |
| CANT Z.1007 | Italy | 1937 |
| CANT Z.1012 | Italy | 1938 |
| Caproni Ca.1 | Italy | 1914 |
| Caproni Ca.3 | Italy | 1916 |
| Caproni Ca.4 | Italy | 1917 |
| Caproni Ca.5 | Italy | 1917 |
| Caproni Ca.95 | Italy | 1929? |
| Caproni Ca.97 | Italy | 1927 |
| Caproni Ca.101 | Italy | 1928 |
| Caproni Ca.131 | Italy | 1934 |
| Caproni Ca.132 | Italy | 1934 |
| Caproni Ca.133 | Italy | 1934 |
| Caudron C.25 | France | 1919 |
| Caudron C.37 | France | 1920 |
| Caudron C.39 | France | 1921 |
| Caudron C.61 | France | 1921 |
| Caudron C.81 | France | 1923 |
| Caudron C.180 | France | 1930 |
| Caudron C.183 | France | 1923 |
| Charpentier C-1 | France | 1935 |
| CNA Delta | Italy | 1931 |
| CNNA HL-8 | Brazil | 1943 |
| Conroy Tri-Turbo-Three | US | 1969 |
| Consolidated XPY-1 (prototype only) | US | 1929 |
| Consolidated XP2Y-1 (prototype only) | US | 1932 |
| Couzinet 10 | France | 1928 |
| Couzinet 21 | France | 1931 |
| Couzinet 22 | France | 1932 |
| Couzinet 27 | France | 1928 |
| Couzinet 30 | France | 1930 |
| Couzinet 33 Biarritz | France | 1931 |
| Couzinet 40 | France | 1932 |
| Couzinet 70 | France | 1932 |
| Couzinet 100 | France | 1933 |
| Couzinet 101 | France | 1934 |
| Couzinet 103 | France | 1933 |
| Crawford Special | US | 1929 |
| Curtiss Eagle I | US | 1919 |
| Curtiss Model H prototype only | US | 1914 |
| Curtiss NC prototype only | US | 1918 |
| DAR 4 | Bulgaria | 1930 |
| Dewoitine D.31 | France | 1932 |
| Dewoitine D.332 | France | 1933 |
| Dewoitine D.333 | France | 1934 |
| Dewoitine D.338 | France | 1936 |
| Dewoitine D.342 | France | 1939 |
| Dewoitine D.430 | France | 1932 |
| de Havilland DH.72 | UK | 1931 |
| de Havilland Australia DHA-3 Drover | Australia | 1948 |
| de Havilland Hercules | UK | 1926 |
| Dornier Do 24 | Germany | 1937 |
| Dornier Y | Germany | 1930 |
| Dyle et Bacalan DB-70 | France | 1929 |
| EMSCO B-2 | US | 1929 |
| Farman F.120 | France | 1926 |
| Farman F.280 | France | 1931 |
| Farman F.300 | France | 1930 |
| Farman F.301 | France | 1930 |
| Farman F.303 | France | 1930 |
| Farman F.304 | France | 1931 |
| Farman F.306 | France | 1931 |
| Farman F.310 | France | 1931 |
| Felixstowe Porte Baby | UK | 1916 |
| Fiat BRG | Italy | 1931 |
| Fiat G.2 | Italy | 1932 |
| Fiat G.12 | Italy | 1940 |
| Fiat G.212 | Italy | 1947 |
| Fokker F.10 | US | 1927 |
| Fokker F.VIIA/3m & F.VIIB/3m | Netherlands | 1925 |
| Fokker F.IX | Netherlands | 1929 |
| Fokker F.XII | Netherlands | 1930 |
| Fokker F.XVIII | Netherlands | 1932 |
| Fokker F.XX | Netherlands | 1933 |
| Ford 4-AT/9-AT/11-AT Trimotor | US | 1926 |
| Ford 5-AT/6-AT Trimotor | US | 1929 |
| Ford 14-AT | US | 1932 |
| Ford XB-906 | US | 1931 |
| Grahame-White Ganymede | UK | 1919 |
| Handley Page Type W.8e/f & W.9a | UK | 1921 |
| Handley Page H.P.32 Hamlet | UK | 1926 |
| Handley Page H.P.43 | UK | 1932 |
| Helmy Aerogypt | UK | 1939 |
| Hise Model A | US | 1929 |
| Hodkinson HT-1 | US | 1929 |
| Johns Multiplane | US | 1919 |
| Junkers G 24 | Germany | 1924 |
| Junkers G 31 | Germany | 1926 |
| Junkers Ju 52/3m | Germany | 1932 |
| Junkers Ju 252 | Germany | 1941 |
| Junkers Ju 352 | Germany | 1943 |
| Kawanishi H3K | Japan | 1930 |
| Keystone Pathfinder | US | 1927 |
| Keystone Patrician | US | 1929 |
| Kreutzer Air Coach | US | 1928 |
| LWF model H Owl | US | 1920 |
| Lasco Lascondor | Australia | 1930 |
| Latécoère 4 | France | 1920 |
| Latécoère 5 | France | 1924 |
| Latécoère 24 | France | 1927 |
| Latécoère 340 | France | 1930 |
| Latécoère 350 | France | 1931 |
| Latécoère 500 & 501 | France | 1932 |
| Latécoère 582 | France | 1935 |
| Latham Trimotor | France | 1919 |
| Lawson L-4 | US | 1924 |
| Letov Š-32 | Czechoslovakia | 1931 |
| Lioré et Olivier LeO H-15 | France | 1926 |
| Loire 30 | France | 1932 |
| Loire 60 | France | 1932 |
| Loire 70 | France | 1933 |
| Loring-Barrón Colonial T-III Trimotor | Spain | 1932 |
| Macchi M.C.100 | Italy | 1939 |
| Nieuport-Delage NiD.590 | France | 1932 |
| Nieuport-Delage NiD.740 | France | 1930 |
| Northrop N-23 Pioneer | US | 1946 |
| Northrop C-125 Raider | US | 1949 |
| NVI F.K.33 | Netherlands | 1925 |
| Oeffag G6 aka Pola 'G' | Austria-Hungary | 1916 |
| Ogden Osprey | US | 1930 |
| P.Z.L. 27 | Poland | 1934 |
| P.Z.L. 4 | Poland | 1932 |
| Pander S-4 Postjäger | Netherlands | 1933 |
| Piaggio P.16 | Italy | 1934 |
| Piaggio P.23R | Italy | 1936 |
| Piper PA-32-3M prototype | US | 1966 |
| Potez X | France | 1922 |
| Potez 40 | France | 1930 |
| Prudden TM-1 | US | 1928 |
| Prudden-Whitehead monoplane | US | 1930 |
| Renard R.30 | Belgium | 1931 |
| Renard R.35 | Belgium | 1935 |
| Rohrbach Roland | Germany | 1926 |
| Rohrbach Romar | Germany | 1928 |
| Romano R-16 | France | 1933 |
| Ryan Navion one off modification | US | 1961 [citation needed] |
| SABCA S.11 | Belgium | 1931 |
| Saunders Severn | UK | 1930 |
| Saunders Valkyrie | UK | 1926 |
| Saro Windhover | UK | 1930 |
| Savoia-Marchetti S.66 | Italy | 1931 |
| Savoia-Marchetti S.71 | Italy | 1930 |
| Savoia-Marchetti S.72 | Italy | 1934 |
| Savoia-Marchetti S.73 | Italy | 1934 |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.75 | Italy | 1937 |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 | Italy | 1934 |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 | Italy | 1934 |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.82 | Italy | 1939 |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.83 | Italy | 1937 |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.84 | Italy | 1940 |
| Short S.8 Calcutta | UK | 1928 |
| Short Rangoon | UK | 1930 |
| Short Valetta | UK | 1930 |
| Siemens-Schuckert R.I | Germany | 1915 |
| Siemens-Schuckert R.II | Germany | 1915 |
| Siemens-Schuckert R.III | Germany | 1915 |
| Siemens-Schuckert R.IV | Germany | 1916 |
| Siemens-Schuckert R.V | Germany | 1916 |
| Siemens-Schuckert R.VI | Germany | 1916 |
| Siemens-Schuckert R.VII | Germany | 1917 |
| Sikorsky S-35 | US | 1926 |
| SPCA 40T | France | 1929 |
| SPCA 90 | France | 1932 |
| SPCA Météore 63 | France | 1925 |
| Spartan Cruiser | UK | 1932 |
| Stinson Model A | US | 1934 |
| Stinson Model T/SM-6000 | US | 1930 |
| Stinson Model U | US | 1932 |
| Stout 3-AT | US | 1926 |
| Stout Bushmaster 2000 | US | 1964 |
| Supermarine Air Yacht | UK | 1930 |
| Supermarine Nanok/Solent | UK | 1927 |
| Tellier 1100 ch/T7/Nieuport-Tellier TM | France | 1919 |
| Tupolev ANT-9 | USSR | 1929 |
| Tupolev MTB-1 | USSR | 1934 |
| Vickers Viastra | UK | 1929 |
| Westland IV & Wessex | UK | 1930 |
| Weymann 66 | France | 1933 |
| Wibault 280 | France | 1930 |
| Zenith Albatross | US | 1927 |
| Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.I | Germany | 1915 |
| Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.II | Germany | 1916 |
See also
References
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