Solar Eclipse Of October 3, 2005

A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring only 4.8 days after apogee (September 28, 2005), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller. It was visible from a narrow corridor through the Iberian peninsula and Africa and Brazil. A partial eclipse was seen from the much broader path of the Moon's penumbra, including all of Europe, Africa and southwestern Asia. The Sun was 96% covered in a moderate annular eclipse, lasting 4 minutes and 32 seconds and covering a broad path up to 162 km wide. The next solar eclipse in Africa occurred just 6 months later.

Solar eclipse of October 3, 2005
Annular from Madrid, Spain
Map
Type of eclipse
Nature	Annular
Gamma	0.3306
Magnitude	0.9576
Maximum eclipse
Duration	272 s (4 min 32 s)
Coordinates	12°54′N 28°42′E / 12.9°N 28.7°E / 12.9; 28.7
Max. width of band	162 km (101 mi)
Times (UTC)
(P1) Partial begin	3:53:56
(U1) Total begin	18:40:59
Greatest eclipse	10:32:47
(U4) Total end	1:22:35
(P4) Partial end	24:27:52
References
Saros	134 (43 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000)	9520

It was the 43rd eclipse of the 134th Saros cycle, which began with a partial eclipse on June 22, 1248, and will conclude with a partial eclipse on August 6, 2510.

The path of the eclipse began in the North Atlantic ocean at 08:41 universal time (UT). The antumbra reached Madrid, Spain at 08:56 UT, lasting four minutes and eleven seconds and 90% of the Sun was covered by the Moon. The antumbra reached Algiers at 09:05 UT, then passed through Tunisia and Libya before heading southeast through Sudan, Kenya and Somalia. The shadow then moved out over the Indian Ocean until it terminated at sunset, 12:22 UT.

The maximum eclipse duration occurred in central Sudan at 10:31:42 UT, where it lasted for 4m 31s when the Sun was 71° above the horizon.

The motion of the shadow was supersonic and it generated gravity waves that were detectable as disturbances in the ionosphere. These gravity waves originate in the thermosphere at an altitude of about 180 km. Because of the obscuration of solar radiation, the ionization level dropped by 70% during the eclipse. The eclipse caused a 1–1.4 K drop in the temperature of the ionosphere.

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  Satellite image showing the Moon's shadow over East Africa
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  Animation from Medina del Campo, Spain
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  Santa Maria de Lamas, Portugal (9:00 UTC)
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  Eclipse projection through leaves in St. Julian's, Malta
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  Saintes, France (9:36 UTC)
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  Chennai, India (11:33 UTC)
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  Eclipse sequence from Degania A, Israel

Eclipse season

This is the first eclipse this season.

Second eclipse this season: 17 October 2005 Partial Lunar Eclipse

Eclipses of 2005

• A hybrid solar eclipse on April 8.
• A penumbral lunar eclipse on April 24.
• An annular solar eclipse on October 3.
• A partial lunar eclipse on October 17.

Tzolkinex

• Preceded: Solar eclipse of August 22, 1998

• Followed: Solar eclipse of November 13, 2012

Half-Saros

• Preceded: Lunar eclipse of September 27, 1996

• Followed: Lunar eclipse of October 8, 2014

Tritos

• Preceded: Solar eclipse of November 3, 1994

• Followed: Solar eclipse of September 1, 2016

Solar Saros 134

• Preceded: Solar eclipse of September 23, 1987

• Followed: Solar eclipse of October 14, 2023

Inex

• Preceded: Solar eclipse of October 23, 1976

• Followed: Solar eclipse of September 12, 2034

Solar eclipses 2004–2007

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2004 to 2007

Ascending node				Descending node
Saros	Map	Gamma		Saros	Map	Gamma
119	2004 April 19   Partial (south)	−1.13345		124	2004 October 14   Partial (north)	1.03481
129   Partial from Naiguatá	2005 April 08   Hybrid	−0.34733		134   Annular from Madrid, Spain	2005 October 03   Annular	0.33058
139   Total from Side, Turkey	2006 March 29   Total	0.38433		144   Partial from São Paulo, Brazil	2006 September 22   Annular	−0.40624
149   From Jaipur, India	2007 March 19   Partial (north)	1.07277		154   From Córdoba, Argentina	2007 September 11   Partial (south)	−1.12552

Saros 134

It is a part of Saros cycle 134, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on June 22, 1248. It contains total eclipses from October 9, 1428 through December 24, 1554 and hybrid eclipses from January 3, 1573 through June 27, 1843, and annular eclipses from July 8, 1861 through May 21, 2384. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on August 6, 2510. The longest duration of totality was 1 minutes, 30 seconds on October 9, 1428. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node.

Series members 32–48 occur between 1801 and 2100:
32	33	34
June 6, 1807	June 16, 1825	June 27, 1843
35	36	37
July 8, 1861	July 19, 1879	July 29, 1897
38	39	40
August 10, 1915	August 21, 1933	September 1, 1951
41	42	43
September 11, 1969	September 23, 1987	October 3, 2005
44	45	46
October 14, 2023	October 25, 2041	November 5, 2059
47	48
November 15, 2077	November 27, 2095

Metonic cycle

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

21 events between July 22, 1971 and July 22, 2047
July 21–22	May 9–11	February 26–27	December 14–15	October 2–3
116	118	120	122	124
July 22, 1971	May 11, 1975	February 26, 1979	December 15, 1982	October 3, 1986
126	128	130	132	134
July 22, 1990	May 10, 1994	February 26, 1998	December 14, 2001	October 3, 2005
136	138	140	142	144
July 22, 2009	May 10, 2013	February 26, 2017	December 14, 2020	October 2, 2024
146	148	150	152	154
July 22, 2028	May 9, 2032	February 27, 2036	December 15, 2039	October 3, 2043
156
July 22, 2047