Patrol Boat

A patrol boat (also referred to as a patrol craft, patrol ship, or patrol vessel) is a relatively small naval vessel generally designed for coastal defence, border security, or law enforcement.

There are many designs for patrol boats, and they generally range in size. They may be operated by a nation's navy, coast guard, police, or customs, and may be intended for marine ("blue water"), estuarine ("green water"), or river ("brown water") environments.

Patrol Boat
Fateh, a Diciotti-class offshore patrol vessel in service with the Iraqi Navy

Per their name, patrol boats are primarily used to patrol a country's exclusive economic zone (EEZ), but they may also be used in other roles, such as anti-smuggling, anti-piracy, fishery patrols, immigration law enforcement, or search and rescue. Depending on the size, organization, and capabilities of a nation's armed forces, the importance of patrol boats may range from minor support vessels that are part of a coast guard, to flagships that make up a majority of a navy's fleet. Their small size and relatively low cost make them one of the most common naval vessels in the world.

Classification

Patrol Boat 
Kawachi, a patrol boat in service with the Osaka Prefectural Police

The classification of a patrol boat is often subjective, but they are generally small naval vessels that are used to patrol national waters or a certain jurisdiction. They may be as large as a frigate or a corvette, though the term may also be used for vessels as small as a yacht or rigid inflatable boat. They can include fast attack craft, torpedo boats, and missile boats. They may be broadly classified as inshore patrol vessels (IPVs) or offshore patrol vessels (OPVs). OPVs and medium size cutters are usually the smallest ship in a navy's fleet that are large and seaworthy enough to patrol off-shore in the open ocean, while IPVs are typically too small to do so and are instead kept in lakes or rivers, or close to coasts; IPVs specifically used in rivers can also be called "riverine patrol vessels". Large patrol vessels, Heavy patrol vessels and Large cutters are the largest type of the patrol ships are typically more than 100 m (330 ft) in length.

Seagoing patrol boats are typically around 30 m (100 ft) in length and usually carry a single medium caliber artillery gun as main armament, and a variety of lighter secondary armament such as machine guns or a close-in weapon system. Depending on their role, vessels in this class may also have more sophisticated sensors and fire control systems that would enable them to carry torpedoes, anti-ship missiles, and surface-to-air missiles.

History

Patrol Boat 
PCE-872, a World War II patrol craft escort of the U.S. Navy

During both World Wars, in order to rapidly build up numbers, all sides created auxiliary patrol boats by arming motorboats and seagoing fishing trawlers with machine guns and obsolete naval weapons. Some modern patrol vessels are still based on fishing and leisure boats.

The United States Navy operated the Pegasus class of armed hydrofoils for years in a patrol boat role. During the Vietnam War, the U.S. Navy ordered 193 aluminum hulled Patrol Craft, Fast (PCFs), also known as Swiftboats, for brown water naval operations. The Patrol Boat, River (PBR, sometimes called "Riverine" and "Pibber") was a fiberglass hulled vessel also designed and used for inland river operations during the Vietnam War, and became an icon of water operations during the war due to its use in the 1979 film Apocalypse Now.

Most modern designs are powered by gas turbine arrangements such as CODAG, and speeds are generally in the 25–30 knots (46–56 km/h; 29–35 mph) range. The largest OPVs might also have a flight deck and helicopter embarked. In times of crisis or war, these vessels are expected to support the larger vessels in a navy, though some smaller navies are mostly composed of just patrol boats.

Specific nations

Albania

Patrol Boat 
Iliria, an example of a modern patrol boat of the Albanian Naval Force

Albanian Naval Force

Algeria

Algerian National Navy

Argentina

Patrol Boat 
Argentine Naval Prefecture's GC67 patrol vessel

Argentine Naval Prefecture

Argentine Navy

Australia

Royal Australian Navy

Patrol Boat 
HMAS Armidale of the Royal Australian Navy

Australian Border Force Marine Unit

Others

Bahamas

Royal Bahamas Defence Force

  • Bahamas-class patrol vessel
  • Legend-class patrol vessel
  • Floral-class patrol vessel

Bahrain

Royal Bahrain Naval Force

35m Fast Patrol Vessels- USA -built by Swiftships, Commissioned in 2021

Bangladesh

The Bangladesh Navy classified its medium size patrol ships as large patrol craft (LPC) which are armed with either anti-ship missiles or torpedoes. Those ships typically have heavier armaments but less range than OPVs.

Bangladesh Navy

    Large patrol craft
    Offshore patrol vessel
    Inshore patrol vessel
    ASW patrol boat
    Patrol gunboat

Bangladesh Coast Guard

Patrol Boat 
Leader-class OPVs of Bangladesh Coast Guard
    Offshore patrol vessel
    Inshore patrol vessel
    Fast patrol vessel
  • Kutubdia class
  • Porte Grande class
    Coastal patrol vessel
    Riverine patrol craft
  • Pabna class

Border Guard Bangladesh

    Patrol vessel
  • Shah Jalal class

Barbados

Barbados Coast Guard

Belgium

  • Castor (in Dutch) (2014–present)
  • Pollux (in Dutch) (2015–present)

Brazil

Brunei

  • Darussalam-class offshore patrol vessel
  • Ijtihad-class patrol vessel
  • KH 27-class patrol boat
  • FDB 512-class patrol boat
  • Bendaharu-class patrol vessel
  • Perwira-class patrol vessel
  • Saleha-class patrol vessel
  • Pahlawan-class patrol vessel

Bulgaria

Canada

Royal Canadian Navy

Canadian Coast Guard

Cape Verde

Cape Verdean Coast Guard

Chile

Chilean Navy

Patrol Boat 
Cabo Odger (OPV-84), a OPV-80-class offshore patrol vessel of the Chilean Navy
  • Pillán-class patrol craft (1979/1980–2001/2002)
  • Maule-class patrol craft (1982–2014?)
  • Dabur-class patrol boat (1990–present)
  • Taitao-class large patrol craft (1993–present)
  • Rodman 890-class patrol boat (1996–2017/2020)
  • Protector-class patrol craft (1999–present)
  • Defender-class boat (2007–present)
  • OPV-80-class offshore patrol vessel (2007–present)
  • Archangel-class boat (2008–present)

China (PRC)

People's Liberation Army Navy

  • Harbour security boat (PBI) – four newly built 80-ton class harbour security / patrol boats, and more are planned in order to take over the port security / patrol duties currently performed by the obsolete Shantou, Beihai, Huangpu, and Yulin-class gunboats, which are increasingly being converted to inshore surveying boats and range support boats
  • Shanghai III (Type 062I)-class gunboat – 2
  • Shanghai II-class gunboat
  • Shanghai I (Type 062)-class gunboat – 150+ active and at least 100 in reserve
  • Huludao (Type 206)-class gunboat – 8+
  • Shantou-class gunboat – less than 25 (in reserve, subordinated to naval militia)
  • Beihai-class gunboat – less than 30 (in reserve, subordinated to naval militia)
  • Huangpu-class gunboat – less than 15 (in reserve, subordinated to naval militia)
  • Yulin-class gunboat – less than 40 (being transferred to logistic duties)

China Coast Guard

Colombia

Patrol Boat 
ARC Juan Ricardo Oyola Vera, a PAV-IV-class patrol boat of the Colombian National Navy

Colombian Navy

  • Diligente-class patrol boat
  • Nodriza-class patrol boat
  • PAF-I-class patrol boat
  • PAF-II-class patrol boat
  • PAF-III-class patrol boat
  • PAF-IV-class patrol boat
  • Patrullera Fluvial Ligera-class patrol boat
  • Riohacha-class gunboat
  • Fassmer-80 class – built in Colombia by COTECMAR

Croatia

Denmark

Patrol Boat 
HDMS Støren (P555), a Flyvefisken-class patrol vessel with the Royal Danish Navy

Royal Danish Navy

Ecuador

Ecuadorian Navy

Egypt

Egyptian Navy

  • 35m Fast Patrol Vessels- USA -built by Swiftships

Eritrea

Eritrean Navy

  • Eritrea-class 60m patrol vessel

Others

  • Protector-class patrol boat

Finland

Patrol Boat 
Kurki (51), a Kiisla-class patrol boat with the Finnish Navy

Finnish Navy

Finnish Border Guard

France

Patrol Boat 
Maritime Gendarmerie Vedette class patrol boat

French Navy

Maritime Gendarmerie

  • Trident-class patrol boat
  • Géranium-class patrol boat
  • Jonquille-class patrol boat
  • Vedette-class patrol boat
  • Pétulante-class patrol craft
  • Pavois-class patrol craft

Germany

Patrol Boat 
New Bundespolizei offshore patrol vessel BP 81 Potsdam

Greece

Patrol Boat 
Hellenic Navy HSY-56A gunboat HS Aittitos

Hellenic Navy

Hellenic Coast Guard

  • Sa'ar 4 class – acting as offshore patrol vessels (OPV)
  • Stan Patrol 5509 OPV
  • Vosper Europatrol 250 Mk1 OPV
  • Abeking & Rasmussen patrol vessels – class Dilos
  • POB-24G patrol vessels – class Faiakas
  • CB90-HCG
  • Lambro 57 and derivatives – all being boats for coastal patrols

Honduras

Honduran Navy

Hong Kong (SARPRC)

Patrol Boat 
Sea Panther (PL 3), a Sea Panther-class large command boat with the Hong Kong Police Marine Unit

Hong Kong Police Force

Iceland

Icelandic Coast Guard

India

Patrol Boat 
The Indian Coast Guard's offshore patrol vessel ICGS Samarth at sea.
Patrol Boat 
INS Sunayna (P57) returns to Kochi post an 80-day anti piracy patrol in the Gulf of Aden

Indian Navy

Indian Coast Guard

Indonesia

Patrol Boat 
KN Tanjung Datu (1101) of the Indonesian Maritime Security Agency
  • FPB 28, Indonesian Police and Indonesian Customs, 28 meter long patrol boat made by local shipyard PT PAL.
  • FPB 38, Indonesian Customs, 38 meter long aluminium patrol boat made by local shipyard PT PAL.
  • FPB 57, Indonesian Navy, 57 meter long patrol boat designed by Lurssen and made by PT PAL, ASM and heli deck equipped for some version.
  • PC-40, Indonesian Navy, 40 meter long FRP/Aluminum patrol boat, locally made by in house Navy's workshop.
  • PC-60 trimaran, Indonesian Navy, 63-meter-long composite material, is armed with 120 km range of anti-ship missile, made by PT Lundin industry
  • OPV 80 - 80 meter long, designed by Terafulk and made by PT Citra Shipyard
  • OPV 110 (Tanjung Datu-class) - 110 meter long, made by PT Palindo Marine Shipyard

Iraq

Iraqi Navy

35m Fast Patrol Vessels- USA -built by Swiftships, during the period 2010 - 2014

Ireland

List of Irish Naval Service vessels;

Israel

Patrol Boat 
Slovenian Navy HPL-21, an example of the Israeli-made Super Dvora Mk II-class patrol boat also in service with the Israeli Navy

Italy

Patrol Boat 
Italian Navy Comandanti-class Cigala Fulgosi
Patrol Boat 
Italian Coast Guard patrol boat U. Diciotti, CP-902

Jamaica

JDF Coast Guard

Japan

Patrol Boat 
Shikishima (Japan Coast Guard), the 2nd largest patrol boat in the world
Patrol Boat 
Japan Coast Guard Hida

Latvia

Malaysia

  • Kedah class offshore patrol vessel, (Royal Malaysian Navy)
  • Keris-class littoral mission ship,(Royal Malaysian Navy)
  • Gagah Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Ramunia Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Nusa Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Sipadan Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Rhu Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Pengawal Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Peninjau Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Pelindung Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Semilang Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Penggalang Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Penyelamat Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Pengaman Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Kilat Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Malawali Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Langkawi Class Patrol Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency

Malta

Patrol Boat 
Protector class patrol boat P52 of the Maritime Squadron of the Armed Forces of Malta.

Mexico

Patrol Boat 
ARM Oaxaca, lead boat of the Oaxaca-class.
Patrol Boat 
Durango-class offshore patrol vessels in formation.

Mexican Navy

Montenegro

Patrol Boat 
Kotor class frigate of the Montenegrin Navy

Morocco

Patrol Boat 
Royal Moroccan NavyOPV-70

Namibia

Netherlands

Royal Netherlands Navy

Patrol Boat 
HNLMS Holland (P840) from Holland Class of the Dutch Navy

Netherlands Coastguard

Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard

New Zealand

Nicaragua

Nicaraguan Navy

Norway

Royal Norwegian Navy

Norwegian Coast Guard

Patrol Boat 
NoCGV Tor (W334 KYSTVAKT) from Nornen Class of the Norwegian Coast Guard

Peru

Philippines

Philippine Navy

Patrol Boat 
Jacinto-class patrol vessel BRP Artemio Ricarte (PS-37), Philippine Navy
Patrol Boat 
Gregorio del Pilar-class patrol-frigate BRP Goryo (PS-15), Philippine Navy

Philippine Coast Guard

Patrol Boat 
Ilocos Norte-class patrol boat, Philippine Coast Guard
Patrol Boat 
Parola-class patrol vessel, Philippine Coast Guard
Patrol Boat 
San Juan-class patrol vessel, Philippine Coast Guard
Patrol Boat 
Gabriela Silang-class offshore patrol vessel, Philippine Coast Guard

Portugal

Patrol Boat 
NRP Viana do Castelo, offshore patrol vessel of the Portuguese Navy

Portuguese Navy

Maritime Police

  • Bolina-class
  • Levante-class
  • Tufão-class
  • Calmaria-class

National Republican Guard

  • Bojador-class
  • Ribamar-class
  • Zodíaco-class
  • Mar Creta-class

Qatar

Qatari Emiri Navy

Qatari Ministry of Interior

  • ARES 75
  • ARES 110
  • ARES 150

Romania

Russia

Patrol Boat 
Russian Coast Guard Rubin class patrol boat Zhemchug on the Almaz Shipbuilding Company

Senegal

Patrol Boat 
Fouladou, OPV 190 from Senegalese navy
  • Fouladou (OPV 190), Senegalese Navy
  • Kedougou (OPV 45), Senegalese Navy
  • Ferlo (RPB 33), Senegalese Navy
  • Conejera (Class Conejera P 31), Senegalese Navy
  • Fouta (Osprey 55), Senegalese Navy
  • Njambuur (PR 72), Senegalese Navy

Singapore

Patrol Boat 
Police Coast Guard third generation PT Class Flower Ray(PT65),conducting a sea-rescue demonstration

Slovenia

South Africa

Patrol Boat 
An Israeli Sa'ar 4-class missile boat, called the Warrior-class strike craft in the South African Navy

South Korea (ROK)

Spain

Patrol Boat 
Meteoro (P-41)

Sri Lanka

Suriname

Sweden

Patrol Boat 
HSwMS Stockholm (PC-11), a Stockholm-class corvette with the Royal Swedish Navy
  • Hugin-class (based on the Norwegian Storm-class, decommissioned) – 16 ships
  • Kaparen-class (Hugin-class modified with better subhunting capacity, decommissioned) – 8 ships
  • Stockholm-class (commissioned as corvettes, later converted to patrol boats) – 2 ships
  • HMS Carlskrona (commissioned as minelayer, later converted to ocean patrol vessel)

Additionally, the Royal Swedish Navy also operates smaller types of patrol boats (Swedish: bevakningsbåt = "guard boat"):

  • Typ 60-class (decommissioned) – 17 ships
  • Tapper class – 12 ships

The Swedish Coast Guard operate an additional 22 patrol vessels for maritime surveillance.

Taiwan (Republic of China)

Republic of China Navy

Coast Guard Administration

Thailand

Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard

Turkey

Patrol Boat 
Turkish TCG Karabiga (P-1205), one of the Tuzla-class patrol boats

Turkish Naval Forces

Coast Guard Command

  • KAAN 15 class
  • KAAN 19 class
  • KAAN 29 class
  • KAAN 33 class
  • SAR 33 class
  • SAR 35 class
  • 80 class
  • Corvette

United Kingdom

Patrol Boat 
Two River class offshore patrol vessels of the Royal Navy

United States

United States Navy

Patrol Boat 
USS Firebolt (PC-10), a United States Navy Cyclone-class patrol ship

United States Coast Guard

Venezuela

Patrol Boat 
Naiguatá during sea trials

Vietnam

  • Type TT-120 patrol boat, Vietnam Coast Guard
  • Type TT-200 patrol boat, Vietnam Coast Guard
  • Type TT-400 patrol boat, Vietnam Coast Guard
  • DN 2000(Damen 9014 class) offshore patrol vessels, Vietnam Coast Guard

References

Tags:

Patrol Boat ClassificationPatrol Boat HistoryPatrol Boat Specific nationsPatrol BoatBorder controlCoast guardCoastal defence and fortificationCustomsEstuaryLaw enforcementMaritime geographyNaval shipNavyPolice

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