Nitramide is a chemical compound with the molecular formula H2NNO2.
Organyl derivatives of nitramide, RNHNO2 and R2NNO2 are termed nitroamines, and are widely used as explosives: examples include RDX and HMX. It is an isomer of hyponitrous acid.
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Names | |||
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IUPAC name Nitramide | |||
Other names Nitramine | |||
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Properties | |||
H2N2O2 | |||
Molar mass | 62.03 g mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Colorless solid | ||
Density | 1.378 g/cm3 | ||
Melting point | 72 to 75 °C (162 to 167 °F; 345 to 348 K) | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). |
The nitramide molecule is essentially an amine group (−NH2) bonded to a nitro group (−NO2). It is reported to be non-planar in the gas phase, but planar in the crystal phase.
Thiele and Lachman's original synthesis of nitramide involved the hydrolysis of potassium nitrocarbamate:
Other routes to nitramide include hydrolysis of nitrocarbamic acid,
reaction of sodium sulfamate with nitric acid,
and reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide with two equivalents of ammonia.
Also called nitramines, organic nitramides are important explosives. They are prepared by nitrolysis of hexamethylenetetramine.
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