Mile Run

The mile run (1,760 yards or exactly 1,609.344 metres) is a middle-distance foot race.

Athletics
Mile run
Mile Run
Gunder Hägg (right) defeats Arne Andersson with a world record time of 4:06.2 min in Gothenburg in 1942.
World records
MenMorocco Hicham El Guerrouj 3:43.13 (1999)
WomenKenya Faith Kipyegon 4:07.64 (2023)

The history of the mile run event began in England, where it was used as a distance for gambling races.[citation needed] It survived track and field's switch to metric distances in the 1900s and retained its popularity, with the chase for the four-minute mile in the 1950s a high point for the race.

In spite of the roughly equivalent 1500 metres race, which is used instead of the mile at the World Championships and Olympic Games and is sometimes referred as the foremost middle-distance track event in athletics, the mile run is present in all fields of athletics, and since 1976, it is the only imperial distance for which World Athletics has on its books for official world records.

Although the mile is not featured at any major championships, the Wanamaker Mile, Dream Mile, Emsley Carr Mile and Bowerman Mile races are among the foremost annual middle-distance races.

The current mile world record holders are Hicham El Guerrouj of Morocco with a time of 3:43.13 and Faith Kipyegon of Kenya with the Women's record of 4:07.64.

The record for the fastest mile ever run on any terrain is held by Craig Wheeler, who ran a downhill mile in 1993 in a time of 3:24; Wheeler's time is not an officially recognized record due to the downhill grade of the course he ran.

History

Although a statute mile today is equal to a length of 5,280 feet, the distance of the English mile gained its current definition of 1,760 yards through a statute of the Parliament of England in 1593. Thus, the history of the mile run began in England and it initially found usage within the wagered running contests of the 18th and 19th century. Such contests would attract large numbers of spectators and gamblers – so many that the activity became a professional one for its more-established participants.

The mile run was at the heart of the divide between professional and amateur sports in the late 19th century, as running was beginning to gain popularity in the sports world. Separate world record categories were kept for amateurs and professionals, with professional runners providing the faster times. High-profile contests between Britons William Cummings and Walter George brought much publicity to the sport, as did George's races against the American Lon Myers. The mile run was also one of the foremost events at the amateur AAA Championships. Although the spotlight was shining on the running scene, the categories remained distinct but the respective rise in amateurism and decline of the professional sector saw the division become irrelevant in the 20th century.

Mile Run 
A statue commemorating Roger Bannister and John Landy's Miracle Mile in 1954.

The mile run continued to be a popular distance in spite of the metrication of track and field and athletics in general, replacing the imperial distance for the metric mile (1500 meters). It was the 1500 metres – sometimes referred to as the metric mile – which was featured on the Olympic athletics programme. The International Amateur Athletics Federation formed in 1912 and confirmed the first officially recognised world record in the mile the following year (4:14.4 minutes run by John Paul Jones).

The fact that the mile run was the only imperial distance to retain its official world record status after 1976 reflects its continued popularity in the international (and principally metric) era. Decades later, the distance remains widespread, and is often used as a benchmark for distance running performance.

The top men's middle-distance runners continued to compete in the mile run in the first half of the 1900s – Paavo Nurmi, Jack Lovelock and Sydney Wooderson were all world record holders over the distance. In the 1940s, Swedish runners Gunder Hägg and Arne Andersson pushed times into a new territory, as they set three world records each during their rivalry over the decade.

The goal of completing a sub-four-minute mile sparked further interest in the distance in the 1950s and to this day, many competitive runners are still chasing the ambitious barrier. Englishman Roger Bannister became the first person to achieve the feat in May 1954 and his effort, conducted with the help of Chris Brasher and Chris Chataway, was a key moment in the rise of the use of pacemakers at the top level of the sport – an aspect which is now commonplace at non-championship middle and long-distance races. In fact, pacemakers, if performing effectively, can earn generous sums of money for their performances and accurate pacing duties.[citation needed]

Mile Run 
Runners competing in the Women's Mile at the Adidas Boost Boston Games in 2019.

The 1960s saw American Jim Ryun set world records near the 3:50-minute mark and his achievements popularised interval workout techniques which are still heavily used today, especially for collegiate distance runners. Jim Ryun was the first person to run a sub-four minute mile in high school. From this period onwards, African runners began to emerge, breaking the largely white, Western dominance of the distance; Kenya's Kip Keino won the mile at the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games (which was among the last mile races to be held at a major multi-sport event as of 2021).

Filbert Bayi of Tanzania became Africa's first world record holder over the distance in 1975, although New Zealander John Walker further broke Bayi's record a few months later to become the first man under 3:50 minutes for the event. The 1980s were highlighted by the rivalry between British runners Sebastian Coe and Steve Ovett, who improved the record five times between them, including two records at the Oslo Dream Mile race. Noureddine Morceli brought the mile record back into African hands in 1993 and Morocco's Hicham El Guerrouj set the current record of 3:43.13, which has stood since 1999.

Mile run contests remain a key feature of many annual track and field meetings, including recreational, high school, and collegiate meets.

In the United States, particularly in many high school (NFHS) competitions, the 1600m is a substitute for the mile run.

On the professional level, races such as the Wanamaker Mile at the Millrose Games, the Dream Mile at the Bislett Games, the British Emsley Carr Mile, and the Bowerman Mile at the Prefontaine Classic are among the most prominent. Aside from track races, mile races are also occasionally contested in cross country running, and mile runs on the road include the Fifth Avenue Mile in New York City. However, in high school and collegiate cross country running, races are often measured in kilometers, with 5K and 8K being the most common.

On the men's side, the fastest non-downhill mile ran since Hicham El Guerrouj's 3:43.13 in 1999 was Jakob Ingebrigtsen's 3:43.73 at the 2023 Bowerman Mile at the Prefontaine Classic & Diamond League Final.

Records

Mile Run 
Morocco's Hicham El Guerrouj (left) is the world record holder for the outdoor mile.

Outdoor

Area Men's Women's
Time Athlete Time Athlete
World 3:43.13 Mile Run  Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) 4:07.64 Mile Run  Faith Kipyegon (KEN)
Continental records
Africa 3:43.13 Mile Run  Hicham El Guerrouj (MAR) 4:07.64 Mile Run  Faith Kipyegon (KEN)
Asia 3:47.97 Mile Run  Daham Najim Bashir (QAT) 4:17.75 Mile Run  Maryam Yusuf Jamal (BHR)
Europe 3:43.73 Mile Run  Jakob Ingebrigtsen (NOR) 4:12.33 Mile Run  Sifan Hassan (NED)
North, Central America
and Caribbean
3:43.97 Mile Run  Yared Nuguse (USA) 4:16.71 Mile Run  Mary Slaney (USA)
Oceania 3:47.48 Mile Run  Oliver Hoare (AUS) 4:15.34 Mile Run  Jessica Hull (AUS)
South America 3:51.05 Mile Run  Hudson de Souza (BRA) 4:30.05 Mile Run  Soraya Vieira Telles (BRA)

Indoor

Area Men's Women's
Time Athlete Time Athlete
World 3:47.01 Mile Run  Yomif Kejelcha (ETH) 4:13.31 Mile Run  Genzebe Dibaba (ETH)
Continental records
Africa 3:47.01 Mile Run  Yomif Kejelcha (ETH) 4:13.31 Mile Run  Genzebe Dibaba (ETH)
Asia 3:57.05 Mile Run  Mohamed Suleiman (QAT) 4:24.71 Mile Run  Maryam Yusuf Jamal (BHR)
Europe 3:48.87 Mile Run  Josh Kerr (GBR) 4:17.14 Mile Run  Doina Melinte (ROM)
North, Central America
and Caribbean
3:47.38 Mile Run  Yared Nuguse (USA) 4:16.85 Mile Run  Elle Purrier (USA)
Oceania 3:50.83 Mile Run  Ollie Hoare (AUS) 4:24.14 Mile Run  Kim Smith (NZL)
South America 3:56.26 Mile Run  Hudson de Souza (BRA) 4:42.24 Mile Run  Valentina Medina (VEN)

Road

Area Men's Women's
Time Athlete Time Athlete
World 3:53.3h Mile Run  Edward Cheserek (KEN) 4:20.98 Mile Run  Dirbe Welteji (ETH)
Continental records
Africa 3:53.3h Mile Run  Edward Cheserek (KEN) 4:20.98 Mile Run  Dirbe Welteji (ETH)
Asia 4:01.26 Mile Run  Ryoji Tatezawa (JPN) 4:32.0h Mile Run  Nozomi Tanaka (JPN)
Europe 3:56.41 Mile Run  Callum Elson (GBR) 4:29.0h Mile Run  Maria Akraka (SWE)
North, Central America
and Caribbean
3:55.0h Mile Run  Jordan McNamara (USA) 4:25.0h Mile Run  Ellinor Purrier (USA)
Oceania 3:56.57 Mile Run  Nick Willis (NZL) 4:32.0h Mile Run  Linden Hall (AUS)
South America 4:02.75 Mile Run  Guilherme Kurtz (BRA) none none

All-time top 25

Men (outdoor)

  • Correct as of September 2023.
Ath.# Perf.# Time Athlete Nation Date Place Ref.
1 1 3:43.13 Hicham El Guerrouj Mile Run  Morocco 7 July 1999 Rome
2 2 3:43.40 Noah Ngeny Mile Run  Kenya 7 July 1999 Rome
3 3 3:43.73 Jakob Ingebrigtsen Mile Run  Norway 16 September 2023 Eugene
4 4 3:43.97 Yared Nuguse Mile Run  United States 16 September 2023 Eugene
5 5 3:44.39 Noureddine Morceli Mile Run  Algeria 5 September 1993 Rieti
6 3:44.60 El Guerrouj #2 16 July 1998 Nice
7 3:44.90 El Guerrouj #3 4 July 1997 Oslo
8 3:44.95 El Guerrouj #4 29 June 2001 Rome
9 3:45.19 Morceli #2 16 August 1995 Zürich
10 3:45.64 El Guerrouj #5 26 August 1997 Berlin
11 3:45.96 El Guerrouj #6 5 August 2000 London
12 3:46.24 El Guerrouj #7 28 July 2000 Oslo
6 13 3:46.32 Steve Cram Mile Run  Great Britain 27 July 1985 Oslo
7 14 3:46.38 Daniel Komen Mile Run  Kenya 26 August 1997 Berlin
15 3:46.46 Ingebrigtsen #2 16 June 2022 Oslo
8 16 3:46.70 Vénuste Niyongabo Mile Run  Burundi 26 August 1997 Berlin
9 17 3:46.76 Saïd Aouita Mile Run  Morocco 2 July 1987 Helsinki
18 3:46.78 Morceli #3 27 August 1993 Berlin
10 19 3:46.91 Alan Webb Mile Run  United States 21 July 2007 Brasschaat
20 3:46.92 Aouita #2 21 August 1985 Zürich
21 3:47.10 El Guerrouj #8 7 August 1999 London
22 3:47.24 Ingebrigtsen #3 21 August 2021 Eugene
11 23 3:47.28 Bernard Lagat Mile Run  Kenya 29 June 2001 Rome
24 3:47.30 Morceli #4 3 September 1993 Brussels
12 25 3:47.32 Ayanleh Souleiman Mile Run  Djibouti 31 May 2014 Eugene
13 3:47.33 Sebastian Coe Mile Run  Great Britain 28 August 1981 Brussels
14 3:47.48 Oliver Hoare Mile Run  Australia 16 June 2022 Oslo
15 3:47.65 Laban Rotich Mile Run  Kenya 4 July 1997 Oslo
George Mills Mile Run  United Kingdom 16 September 2023 Eugene
17 3:47.69 Steve Scott Mile Run  United States 7 July 1982 Oslo
Mario García Mile Run  Spain 16 September 2023 Eugene
19 3:47.79 José Luis González Mile Run  Spain 27 July 1985 Oslo
20 3:47.88 John Kibowen Mile Run  Kenya 4 July 1997 Oslo
Silas Kiplagat Mile Run  Kenya 31 May 2014 Eugene
22 3:47.94 William Chirchir Mile Run  Kenya 28 July 2000 Oslo
23 3:47.97 Dahame Najem Bashir Mile Run  Qatar 29 July 2005 Oslo
24 3:48.06 Reynold Cheruiyot Mile Run  Kenya 16 September 2023 Eugene
25 3:48.08 Cole Hocker Mile Run  United States 16 September 2023 Eugene

Women (outdoor)

  • Correct as of July 2023.
Ath.# Perf.# Time Athlete Nation Date Place Ref.
1 1 4:07.64 Faith Kipyegon Mile Run  Kenya 21 July 2023 Monaco
2 2 4:12.33 Sifan Hassan Mile Run  Netherlands 12 July 2019 Monaco
3 3 4:12.56 Svetlana Masterkova Mile Run  Russia 14 August 1996 Zürich
4 4 4:14.30 Genzebe Dibaba Mile Run  Ethiopia 6 September 2016 Rovereto
5 4:14.71 Hassan #2 22 July 2018 London
6 4:14.74 Hassan #3 3 September 2021 Brussels
5 7 4:14.58 Ciara Mageean Mile Run  Ireland 21 July 2023 Monaco
6 8 4:14.79 Freweyni Hailu Mile Run  Ethiopia 21 July 2023 Monaco
7 9 4:15.24 Laura Muir Mile Run  Great Britain 21 July 2023 Monaco
8 10 4:15.34 Jessica Hull Mile Run  Australia 21 July 2023 Monaco
9 11 4:15.61 Paula Ivan Mile Run  Romania 10 July 1989 Nice
10 12 4:15.8h Natalya Artyomova Mile Run  Soviet Union 5 August 1984 Leningrad
13 4:16.05 Dibaba #2 6 July 2017 Lausanne
11 14 4:16.14 Gudaf Tsegay Mile Run  Ethiopia 22 July 2018 London
12 15 4:16.15 Hellen Obiri Mile Run  Kenya 22 July 2018 London
16 4:16.15 Obiri #2 9 July 2017 London
13 17 4:16.35 Nikki Hiltz Mile Run  United States 21 July 2023 Monaco
14 18 4:16.38 Melissa Courtney-Bryant Mile Run  Great Britain 21 July 2023 Monaco
15 19 4:16.47 Elise Cranny Mile Run  United States 21 July 2023 Monaco
16 20 4:16.71 Mary Slaney Mile Run  United States 21 August 1985 Zürich
20 4:16.71 Kipyegon #2 11 September 2015 Brussels
22 4:17.00 Artyomova #2 20 September 1991 Barcelona
17 23 4:17.13 Birke Haylom Mile Run  Ethiopia 15 June 2023 Oslo
18 24 4:17.25 Sonia O'Sullivan Mile Run  Ireland 22 July 1994 Oslo
19 25 4:17.30 Jenny Simpson Mile Run  United States 22 July 2018 London
20 4:17.33 Maricica Puica Mile Run  Romania 21 August 1985 Zürich
21 4:17.57 Zola Budd Mile Run  Great Britain 21 August 1985 Zürich
22 4:17.60 Laura Weightman Mile Run  Great Britain 12 July 2019 Monaco
23 4:17.75 Maryam Yusuf Jamal Mile Run  Bahrain 14 September 2007 Brussels
24 4:17.87 Gabriela DeBues-Stafford Mile Run  Canada 12 July 2019 Monaco
25 4:18.11 Cory McGee Mile Run  United States 15 June 2023 Oslo

Men (indoor)

  • Correct as of March 2024.
Rank Time Athlete Nation Date Place Ref
1 3:47.01 Yomif Kejelcha Mile Run  Ethiopia 3 March 2019 Boston
2 3:47.38 Yared Nuguse Mile Run  United States 11 February 2023 New York City
3 3:48.45 Hicham El Guerrouj Mile Run  Morocco 12 February 1997 Ghent
4 3:48.66 Hobbs Kessler Mile Run  United States 11 February 2024 New York City
5 3:48.87 Josh Kerr Mile Run  Great Britain 27 February 2022 Boston
6 3:48.93 George Mills Mile Run  Great Britain 11 February 2024 New York City
7 3:49.44 Edward Cheserek Mile Run  Kenya 9 February 2018 Boston
8 3:49.46 Neil Gourley Mile Run  Great Britain 11 February 2023 New York City
9 3:49.62 Adam Fogg Mile Run  Great Britain 11 February 2024 New York City
10 3:49.78 Eamonn Coghlan Mile Run  Ireland 27 February 1983 East Rutherford
11 3:49.89 Bernard Lagat Mile Run  United States 11 February 2005 Fayetteville
12 3:49.98 Johnny Gregorek Mile Run  United States 3 March 2019 Boston
13 3:50.17 Cooper Teare Mile Run  United States 11 February 2022 Chicago
14 3:50.35 Cole Hocker Mile Run  United States 11 February 2022 Chicago
15 3:50.45 Amos Bartelsmeyer Mile Run  Germany 11 February 2023 Boston
16 3:50.46 Anass Essayi Mile Run  Morocco 11 February 2023 Boston
17 3:50.56 Vincent Ciattei Mile Run  United States 2 March 2024 New York City
18 3:50.63 Matthew Centrowitz Mile Run  United States 20 February 2016 New York City
19 3:50.70 Noureddine Morceli Mile Run  Algeria 20 February 1993 Birmingham
20 3:50.83 Oliver Hoare Mile Run  Australia 29 January 2022 New York City
11 February 2023 New York City
21 3:50.92 Galen Rupp Mile Run  United States 26 January 2013 Boston
22 3:50.94 Marcus O'Sullivan Mile Run  Ireland 13 February 1988 East Rutherford
Sam Prakel Mile Run  United States 3 March 2019 Boston
24 3:51.06 Nick Willis Mile Run  New Zealand 20 February 2016 New York City
25 3:51.20 Ray Flynn Mile Run  Ireland 27 February 1983 East Rutherford

Notes

Below is a list of other times superior to 3:50.55:

Women (indoor)

  • Correct as of February 2024.
Rank Time Athlete Nation Date Place Ref
1 4:13.31 Genzebe Dibaba Mile Run  Ethiopia 17 February 2016 Stockholm
2 4:16.16 Gudaf Tsegay Mile Run  Ethiopia 8 February 2023 Toruń
3 4:16.41 Elinor Purrier Mile Run  United States 11 February 2024 New York City
4 4:17.14 Doina Melinte Mile Run  Romania 9 February 1990 East Rutherford
5 4:17.26 Konstanze Klosterhalfen Mile Run  Germany 8 February 2020 New York City
6 4:17.36 Freweyni Hailu Mile Run  Ethiopia 30 January 2024 Ostrava
7 4:17.88 Jemma Reekie Mile Run  Great Britain 8 February 2020 New York City
8 4:18.75 Laura Muir Mile Run  Great Britain 16 February 2019 Birmingham
9 4:18.99 Paula Ivan Mile Run  Romania 10 February 1989 East Rutherford
10 4:19.03 Jessica Hull Mile Run  Australia 11 February 2024 New York City
11 4:19.53 Hirut Meshesha Mile Run  Ethiopia 30 January 2024 Ostrava
12 4:19.73 Gabriela DeBues-Stafford Mile Run  Canada 8 February 2020 New York City
13 4:19.89 Sifan Hassan Mile Run  Netherlands 11 February 2017 New York City
14 4:20.5h Mary Decker-Tabb Mile Run  United States 19 February 1982 San Diego
15 4:20.61 Susan Lokayo Ejore Mile Run  Kenya 11 February 2024 New York City
16 4:20.81 Josette Norris Mile Run  United States 29 January 2022 New York City
17 4:21.19 Katie Snowden Mile Run  Great Britain 11 February 2023 New York City
18 4:21.79 Regina Jacobs Mile Run  United States 8 January 2000 New York City
19 4:22.66 Shannon Rowbury Mile Run  United States 31 January 2015 Winston Salem
20 4:22.72 Lucia Stafford Mile Run  Canada 11 February 2023 New York City
21 4:22.86 Colleen Quigley Mile Run  United States 9 February 2019 New York City
22 4:22.93 Kate Grace Mile Run  United States 11 February 2017 New York City
23 4:23.00 Carla Sacramento Mile Run  Portugal 24 February 2002 Liévin
24 4:23.19 Gabriela Szabo Mile Run  Romania 4 February 2001 Stuttgart
25 4:23.33 Kutre Dulecha Mile Run  Ethiopia 4 February 2001 Stuttgart

Notes

Below is a list of other times superior to 4:22.59:

Youth age records

Key:   Incomplete information

Boys

Age Time Athlete Nation Birthdate Date Place Ref
5 6:33.3 Daniel Skandera Mile Run  United States 2 November 2007 23 July 2013 Santa Rosa
6 5:44.4 Daniel Skandera Mile Run  United States 2 November 2007 5 August 2014 Santa Rosa
7 5:20.3 Daniel Skandera Mile Run  United States 2 November 2007 9 June 2015 Santa Rosa
8 5:12.1 Daniel Skandera Mile Run  United States 2 November 2007 9 August 2016 Santa Rosa
9 5:02.5 Daniel Skandera Mile Run  United States 2 November 2007 27 June 2017 Santa Rosa
10 4:46.6 Daniel Skandera Mile Run  United States 2 November 2007 24 July 2018 Santa Rosa
11 4:36.04 Archie Sideridis Mile Run  Australia 18 October 2011 9 February 2023 Melbourne
12 4:35.66 Quenton Lanese Mile Run  United States 4 March 2011 20 May 2023 Mercer Island
13 4:22.33 Jackson Miller Mile Run  United States 11 June 1999 1 June 2023 St. Louis
14 4:11.20 Angus Wilkinson Mile Run  Great Britain 16 January 2009 26 August 2023 Stirling
15 4:05.77 Corey Campbell Mile Run  Great Britain 26 July 2006 20 May 2022 Stirling
16 3:55.44 Cameron Myers Mile Run  Australia 9 June 2006 23 February 2023 Melbourne
17 3:50.90 Hamza Driouch Mile Run  Qatar 16 November 1994 7 June 2012 Oslo
18 3:48.93 Niels Laros Mile Run  Netherlands 17 April 2005 16 September 2023 Eugene
19 3:48.06 Reynold Cheruiyot Mile Run  Kenya 30 July 2004 16 September 2023 Eugene

Girls

Age Time Athlete Nation Birthdate Date Place Ref
6 6:36.0 Celine Struijvé Mile Run  Netherlands 10 November 2012 17 September 2019 Epe
7 6:05.1 Kristina Wilson Mile Run  United States 5 December 1963 5 June 1971
8 5:43.5 Imogen Stewart Mile Run  Australia 27 July 2005 10 December 2013 Sydney
9 5:18.74 Imogen Stewart Mile Run  Australia 27 July 2005 17 January 2015 Wollongong
10 5:04.19 Imogen Stewart Mile Run  Australia 27 July 2005 16 January 2016 Wollongong
11 4:56.08 Imogen Stewart Mile Run  Australia 27 July 2005 4 March 2017 Sydney
12 4:46.57 Imogen Stewart Mile Run  Australia 27 July 2005 13 January 2018 Wollongong
13 4:44.73 Imogen Stewart Mile Run  Australia 27 July 2005 22 December 2018 Sydney
14 4:40.1 i Mary Decker Mile Run  United States 4 August 1958 16 March 1973 Richmond
15 4:35.16 Sadie Engelhardt Mile Run  United States 21 August 2006 9 April 2022 Arcadia
16 4:28.25 i Mary Cain Mile Run  United States 3 May 1996 16 February 2013 New York City
17 4:24.11 i Mary Cain Mile Run  United States 3 May 1996 24 January 2014 Boston
18 4:24.10 i Kalkidan Gezahegne Mile Run  Ethiopia 8 May 1991 20 February 2010 Birmingham
19 4:17.57 Zola Budd Mile Run  Great Britain 26 May 1966 21 August 1985 Zürich

Season's bests

  • "i" indicates performance on 200m indoor track

See also

References

Tags:

Mile Run HistoryMile Run RecordsMile Run All-time top 25Mile Run Youth age recordsMile Run Seasons bestsMile Run

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