Maiduan Languages
Maiduan (also Maidun, Pujunan) is a small endangered language family of northeastern California.
| Maiduan | |
|---|---|
| Maidun, Pujunan | |
| Ethnicity | Maidu, Konkow, Nisenan |
| Geographic distribution | California |
| Linguistic classification | Penutian?
|
| Glottolog | maid1262 |
 Pre-contact distribution of Maiduan languages | |
Family division
The Maiduan consists of 4 languages:
The languages have similar sound systems but differ significantly in terms of grammar. They are not mutually intelligible, even though many works often refer to all of the speakers of these languages as Maidu. The Chico dialects are little known due to scanty documentation, so their precise genetic relationship to the other languages probably cannot be determined (Mithun 1999), and in any case may have been not a fourth Maiduan language, but widely divergent dialects of Konkow (Ultan 1967).
Three of the languages went extinct by approximately the year 2000. Konkow was reported to have 3 elderly speakers in 2007.
Genetic relations
Maiduan is often considered in various Penutian phylum proposals. It was one of the original members of California Penutian (the Penutian "core").
See also
References
Bibliography
- Callaghan, Catherine A. (1997). "Evidence for Yok-Utian", International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 63, No. 1 (Jan., 1997), pp. 18–64. doi:10.1086/466313 JSTOR 1265864
- Heizer, Robert F. (1966). Languages, territories, and names of California Indian tribes. University of California Press.
- Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
- Shipley, William. (1961). "Maidu and Nisenan: A Binary Survey", International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 27, No. 1 (Jan., 1961), pp. 46–51. doi:10.1086/464602 JSTOR 1264141
- Ultan, Russell. (1964). "Proto-Maidun phonology," International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 30, No. 4 (Oct., 1964) pp. 355-370. doi:10.1086/464795 JSTOR 1263530
- Ultan, Russell. (1967). "Konkow Grammar," unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California at Berkeley
External links
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