plant Taxonomy

This category is for articles about plant taxonomy and classification, not for articles about particular taxa.

Classification of Archaeplastida or Plantae

(major groups

Picozoa	Picomonas
Rhodelphidia	Rhodelphis
Rhodophyta (red algae)	Cyanidiophyceae Porphyridiophyceae Stylonematophyceae Compsopogonophyceae Rhodellophyceae Bangiophyceae Florideophyceae
Glaucophyta	Glaucocystophyceae
incertae sedis	Algospongia

Viridiplantae
or Plantae
(green algae &
land plants)

Prasinodermophyta	Prasinodermophyceae Palmophyllophyceae

Chlorophyta

Prasinophytina	Mamiellophyceae Pyramimonadophyceae
Chlorophytina	Nephroselmidophyceae Picocystophyceae Chloropicophyceae Pedinophyceae Chlorodendrophyceae UTC clade Ulvophyceae Trebouxiophyceae Chlorophyceae

Streptophyta

Phragmoplastophyta

Anydrophyta

Zygnematophyceae

Embryophyta (land plants)	(see below↓)

Embryophytes or Plantae

Bryophytes

Marchantiophyta (liverworts)	Haplomitriopsida Marchantiopsida Jungermanniopsida
Anthocerotophyta (hornworts)	Leiosporocerotopsida Anthocerotopsida
Bryophyta (mosses)	Takakiopsida Sphagnopsida Andreaeobryopsida Andreaeopsida Oedipodiopsida Tetraphidopsida Polytrichopsida Bryopsida

Polysporangiophytes

†Protracheophytes*

†Horneophytopsida
†Aglaophyton

Tracheophytes
(vascular plants)

†Paratracheophytes*	†Cooksoniopsida †Rhyniopsida †Renaliales

Eutracheophytes

Lycophytes	†Barinophytopsida †Zosterophyllopsida Lycopodiopsida (clubmosses, spikemosses & quillworts)

Euphyllophytes

†Eophyllophytopsida
†Trimerophytopsida

Moniliformopses	†Ibykales †Cladoxylopsida Polypodiopsida (ferns and horsetails)

Lignophytes

†Progymnosperms*	†Noeggerathiopsida †Aneurophytopsida †Archaeopteridopsida †Protopityales

Spermatophytes
(seed plants)

†Pteridosperms* (seed ferns) and other extinct seed plant groups	†Bennettitales †Calamopityales †Callistophytales †Caytoniales †Cordaitales †Corystospermales †Czekanowskiales †Gigantopteridales †Glossopteridales †Lyginopteridopsida †Medullosales †Peltaspermopsida †Pentoxylopsida †Petriellales
Acrogymnospermae (living gymnosperms)	Cycadopsida (cycads) Ginkgoales (Ginkgo) Pinopsida (conifers) Gnetopsida
Angiospermae (flowering plants)	Basal angiosperms Core angiosperms Magnoliids Monocots Eudicots

List of systems of plant taxonomy

This is a selected list of the more influential systems. There are many other systems, for instance a review of earlier systems, published by Lindley in his 1853 edition, and Dahlgren (1982). Examples include the works of Scopoli, Ventenat, Batsch and Grisebach.

Pre-Linnaean

John Ray system (1686–1704)	A discourse on the seeds of plants Methodus plantarum nova De Variis Plantarum Methodis Dissertatio Brevis Methodus plantarum emendata et aucta

Pre-Darwinian

Linnaean system (1735–51)	Systema Naturae Species Plantarum Genera Plantarum Philosophia Botanica
Adanson system (1763)	Familles naturelles des plantes
De Jussieu system (1789)	Genera Plantarum, secundum ordines naturales disposita juxta methodum in Horto Regio Parisiensi exaratam
De Candolle system (1819–24)	Théorie élémentaire de la botanique, ou exposition des principes de la classification naturelle et de l'art de décrire et d'etudier les végétaux Prodromus systemati naturalis regni vegetabilis sive enumeratio contracta ordinum, generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarum, juxta methodi naturalis normas digesta
Berchtold and Presl system (1820–1823)	O Prirozenosti Rostlin
Agardh system (1825)	Classes Plantarum
Gray system (1821)	The Natural Arrangement of British Plants
Perleb system (1826)	Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte des Pflanzenreichs
Dumortier system (1829)	Analyse des familles des plantes
Lindley system (1830–45)	An Introduction to the Natural System of Botany The Vegetable Kingdom
Don system (1834)	General History of Dichlamydious Plants.
Bentham & Hooker system (1862–83)	Genera plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in herbariis kewensibus servata definita.
Baillon system (1867–94)	Histoire des plantes

Post-Darwinian (Phyletic)

Nineteenth century

Eichler system (1875–1886)	Blüthendiagramme: construirt und erläutert Syllabus der Vorlesungen über Phanerogamenkunde
Engler system (1886–1924)	Führer durch den Königlich botanischen Garten der Universität zu Breslau Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien Das Pflanzenreich
van Tieghem system (1891)	Traité de botanique

Twentieth century

Dalla Torre & Harms system (1900–07)	Genera Siphonogamarum, ad systema Englerianum conscripta
Warming system (1912)	Haandbog i den systematiske botanik
Hallier system (1912)	L'origine et le système phylétique des angiospermes
Bessey system (1915)	The phylogenetic taxonomy of flowering plants
Wettstein system (1901–35)	Handbuch der systematischen Botanik
Lotsy system (1907–11)	Vorträge über botanische Stammesgeschichte, gehalten an der Reichsuniversität zu Leiden. Ein Lehrbuch der Pflanzensystematik.
Hutchinson system (1926–73)	The families of flowering plants, arranged according to a new system based on their probable phylogeny
Calestani system (1933)	Le origini e la classificazione delle Angiosperme
Kimura system (1956)	Système et phylogénie des monocotyledones
Emberger system (1960)	Traité de Botanique systématique
Melchior system (1964)	Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien
Takhtajan system (1966–97)	A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants Flowering plants: origin and dispersal Diversity and classification of flowering plants
Cronquist system (1968–81)	The evolution and classification of flowering plants An integrated system of classification of flowering plants
Goldberg system (1986–89	Classification, Evolution and Phylogeny of the Families of Dicotyledons
Dahlgren system (1975–85)	The families of the monocotyledons: structure, evolution, and taxonomy
Thorne system (1968–2000)	An updated phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants
Kubitzki system (1990–)	The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants
Reveal system (1997)	Reveal System of Angiosperm Classification