坡

See also: 坂

坡	U+5761, 坡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5761

← 坠
[U+5760]

CJK Unified Ideographs

坢 →
[U+5762]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

坡 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土木竹水 (GDHE), four-corner 4414₇, composition ⿰土皮)

Derived characters edit

𠶊, 𣔡, 𤊫, 𤷵, 𪸁

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 226, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4966
Dae Jaweon: page 461, character 25
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 436, character 1
Unihan data for U+5761

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		坡

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
陂	pral, prals
詖	pral, prals
彼	*pralʔ
柀	*pralʔ
佊	pralʔ, prals
貱	*prals
跛	prals, paːlʔ
披	pʰral, pʰralʔ
鈹	*pʰral
帔	pʰral, pʰrals
鮍	*pʰral
耚	*pʰral
狓	*pʰral
翍	*pʰral
旇	pʰral, brals
秛	pʰral, pʰrals
紴	pʰralʔ, paːl
皮	*bral
疲	*bral
被	bralʔ, brals
髲	*brals
鞁	*brals
骳	*mbralʔ
波	*paːl
碆	paːl, baːl
菠	*paːl
簸	paːlʔ, paːls
駊	paːlʔ, pʰaːlʔ
頗	pʰaːl, pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls
坡	*pʰaːl
玻	*pʰaːl
破	*pʰaːls
婆	*baːl
蔢	*baːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːl) : semantic 土 (“dirt”) + phonetic 皮 (OC *bral).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pō (po¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄆㄛ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bo¹, po¹
(Taishan, Dictionary): bo¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): phô
(Meixian, Guangdong): bo¹
Northern Min (KCR): pó̤
Eastern Min (BUC): pŏ̤
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): pho / po / po͘
(Teochew, Peng'im): bo¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹phu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pō
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: po
  - Wade–Giles: pʻo¹
  - Yale: pwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: po
  - Palladius: по (po)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bo¹, po¹
  - Yale: bō, pō
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bo¹, po¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: bo¹, po¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔː⁵⁵/, /pʰɔː⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Dictionary: bo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pᵘɔ³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phô
  - Hakka Romanization System: po´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: po¹
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰo²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: bo¹
  - Sinological IPA: /po⁴⁴/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pó̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔ⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: pŏ̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰo⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pho
  - Tâi-lô: pho
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoy
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰo³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /pʰo⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po
  - Tâi-lô: po
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /po³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po͘
  - Tâi-lô: poo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pof
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bo¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: po
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po³³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹phu
  - MiniDict: phu^平
  - Dictionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹phu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰu⁵³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 坡
Mandarin	Beijing	/pʰo⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/pʰɤ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/pʰo²¹/
	Jinan	/pʰə²¹³/
	Qingdao	/pʰə²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/pʰo²⁴/
	Xi'an	/pʰo²¹/
	Xining	/pʰɔ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/pʰuə⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/pʰə³¹/
	Ürümqi	/pʰɤ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/pʰo⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/pʰo⁵⁵/ /po⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/pʰo⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/pʰo⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/pʰo³¹/
	Hefei	/pʰʊ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pʰɤ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/pʰei¹³/ 上～ /pʰɔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/pʰɤ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/pʰu⁵³/
	Suzhou	/pʰu⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/pʰo³³/
	Wenzhou	/pu³³/
Hui	Shexian	/po³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/pʰo¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/pʰo³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/pʰo³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/po⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/po⁴⁴/ /pʰo⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pɔ⁵³/
	Nanning	/pʰɔ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/pɔ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pʰo⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pʰo⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/pʰɔ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/po³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/fo²³/

Middle Chinese: pha

Rime
Character	坡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	滂禾切
Baxter	pha
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰuɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰuɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰuɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰwa/
Li Rong	/pʰuɑ/
Wang Li	/pʰuɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pō
Expected Cantonese Reflex	po¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	坡
Reading #	1/1
No.	9728
Phonetic component	皮
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	頗
Old Chinese	/*pʰaːl/

Definitions edit

坡

slope; bank; hillside
to slant; to incline; to tilt
(Taiwan, Hong Kong) Short for 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō, “Singapore”).
坡幣／坡币 ― pōbì ― Singapore dollar

Compounds edit

上坡 (shàngpō)
下坡 (xiàpō)
下坡走馬／下坡走马
下坡路 (xiàpōlù)
下坡運動／下坡运动
十字坡
半坡遺址／半坡遗址
博望坡
可倫坡／可伦坡 (Kělúnpō)
吉隆坡 (Jílóngpō)
坐坡
坡仙
坡地
坡子
坡度 (pōdù)
坡撇
坡田
坡道 (pōdào)
坡陡水急
堰坡 (Yànpō)
大陸坡／大陆坡
大陸斜坡／大陆斜坡
孔坡
宋坡 (Sòngpō)
寨坡 (Zhàipō)
山坡 (shānpō)
山坡地
愛倫坡／爱伦坡
慢坡
打坐坡
斜坡 (xiépō)
新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō)
星加坡 (Xīngjiāpō)
朱坡埡／朱坡垭
東坡／东坡
東坡居士／东坡居士
東坡椅兒／东坡椅儿
東坡肉／东坡肉 (dōngpōròu)
楊家坡／杨家坡 (Yángjiāpō)
樊坡 (Fánpō)
武家坡
江心坡 (Jiāngxīnpō)
滑坡 (huápō)
爬坡 (pápō)
白馬坡／白马坡
簡坡／简坡 (Jiǎnpō)
聶坡／聂坡 (Nièpō)
背風坡／背风坡
花雞坡／花鸡坡 (Huājīpō)
蘇東坡／苏东坡
護坡／护坡 (hùpō)
護坡工程／护坡工程
走下坡 (zǒuxiàpō)
起坡
趄坡兒／趄坡儿
邊坡／边坡
長坂坡／长坂坡
阿速坡 (Āsùpō)
陡坡 (dǒupō)
陡坡店 (Dǒupōdiàn)
陳坡／陈坡 (Chénpō)
馬嵬坡／马嵬坡 (Mǎwéi-pō)
龍骨坡／龙骨坡 (Lónggǔpō)

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

坡

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Go-on: は (ha)
Kan-on: は (ha)
On: ひ (hi)
Kun: つつみ (tsutsumi, 坡み)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

坡 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

坡: Hán Nôm readings: pha, bờ, phơ, da

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