踵

Translingual edit

Han character edit

踵 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口一竹十土 (RMHJG), four-corner 6211₄, composition ⿰𧾷重)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1229, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37686
Dae Jaweon: page 1701, character 25
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3723, character 8
Unihan data for U+8E35

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		踵
2nd round simp.		⿰𧾷中
alternative forms		㣫歱徸𣦟

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 踵
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
撞	rdoːŋ, rdoːŋs
幢	rdoːŋ, rdoːŋs
橦	rdoːŋ, doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇	*rdoːŋ
𩪘	*rdoːŋ
艟	rdoːŋs, tʰjoŋ
憧	rdoːŋs, tʰjoŋ
畽	tʰoːnʔ, tʰuːnʔ
董	*toːŋʔ
蕫	toːŋʔ, doːŋ
箽	*toːŋʔ
懂	*toːŋʔ
湩	toːŋs, tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈	tʰoːŋ, tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童	*doːŋ
僮	*doːŋ
瞳	*doːŋ
罿	doːŋ, tʰjoŋ
犝	*doːŋ
潼	doːŋ, tʰjoŋ
穜	doːŋ, doŋ
動	*doːŋʔ
慟	*doːŋs
堹	*toŋs
諥	*toŋs
蹱	tʰoŋ, tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重	doŋ, doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟	doŋ, doŋs
蝩	*doŋ
褈	doŋ, tʰjoŋ
鐘	tjoŋ, tjoŋ
鍾	*tjoŋ
籦	*tjoŋ
種	tjoŋʔ, tjoŋs
腫	*tjoŋʔ
踵	*tjoŋʔ
歱	*tjoŋʔ
喠	tjoŋʔ, tʰjoŋʔ
偅	*tjoŋs
衝	*tʰjoŋ
揰	*tʰjoŋs
尰	*djoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjoŋʔ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 重 (OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǒng (zhong³)
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zung², dung²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chúng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chióng / chéng
(Teochew, Peng'im): zong²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhǒng
  - Wade–Giles: chung³
  - Yale: jǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: joong
  - Palladius: чжун (čžun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zung², dung²
  - Yale: júng, dúng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung², dung²
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung², dung²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³⁵/, /tʊŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chúng
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zung³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chióng / chéng
  - Tâi-lô: tsióng / tsíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciorng, zeang
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɔŋ⁵³/, /t͡siɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/, /t͡siɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔŋ⁵³/, /t͡siɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɔŋ⁵³/, /t͡siɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɔŋ⁴¹/, /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/

Note:

chióng - literary;
chéng - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zong²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsóng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ⁵²/

Middle Chinese: tsyowngX

Rime
Character	踵
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	之隴切
Baxter	tsyowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨoŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕioŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕioŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuawŋ^X/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕioŋ^X/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭwoŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯woŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tjoŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	踵
Reading #	1/1
No.	17473
Phonetic component	重
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	腫
Old Chinese	/*tjoŋʔ/

Definitions edit

踵

Compounds edit

不旋踵 (bùxuánzhǒng)
企踵
係踵／系踵
延頸企踵／延颈企踵
延頸舉踵／延颈举踵
引領企踵／引领企踵
戰不旋踵／战不旋踵
接踵 (jiēzhǒng)
接踵摩肩
接踵比肩
接踵而來／接踵而来 (jiēzhǒng'érlái)
接踵而至 (jiēzhǒng'érzhì)
摩肩接踵
摩肩擦踵
摩頂放踵／摩顶放踵
摩頂至踵／摩顶至踵
敗不旋踵／败不旋踵
旋踵 (xuánzhǒng)
曳踵
機不旋踵／机不旋踵
死不旋踵
比肩繼踵／比肩继踵 (bǐjiānjìzhǒng)
比肩隨踵／比肩随踵
疾如旋踵
磨踵滅頂／磨踵灭顶
磨頂至踵／磨顶至踵
禍不反踵／祸不反踵
禍不旋踵／祸不旋踵
納履決踵／纳履决踵
納屨踵決／纳屦踵决
繼踵／继踵
繼踵而至／继踵而至
肩摩踵接
舉踵／举踵
計不旋踵／计不旋踵
踵事增華／踵事增华
踵接
踵武
踵決肘見／踵决肘见
踵繼／踵继
踵謝／踵谢
踵踵
踵門／踵门
隨踵而至／随踵而至
駢肩累踵／骈肩累踵

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

踵

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Go-on: しゅ (shu)
Kan-on: しょう (shō)
Kun: かかと (kakato, 踵); くびす (kubisu, 踵); きびす (kibisu, 踵); つぐ (tsugu, 踵ぐ)

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) かかと [kàkátó] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ka̠ka̠to̞]

Noun edit

踵(かかと) • (kakato)

heel

Synonyms edit

(Oita) あぞ (azo)
(Shizuoka, Yamanashi) あこつ (akotsu)
(Nakakoma district) あこび (akobi)
(Watari district) あじゃら (ajara)

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [kɯ̟ᵝbʲiisɨᵝ]

Noun edit

踵(くびいす) • (kubiisu) ^{←くびひす (kubifisu)^?}

the bottom of the foot; the heel
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 127:
  足跟ゝ各痕反下久比ゝ須
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Etymology 3 edit

kubiisu → kubisu.

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) くびす [kùbísú] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [kɯ̟ᵝbʲisɨᵝ]

Noun edit

踵(くびす) • (kubisu)

heel

Etymology 4 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [a̠kɯ̟ᵝto̞]

Noun edit

踵(あくと) • (akuto)

heel

Etymology 5 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [a̠ɡɯ̟ᵝto̞]

Noun edit

踵(あぐと) • (aguto)

heel

References edit

Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.

Kikai edit

Kanji edit

踵

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Noun edit

踵(あどぅ) (adu)

heel

Korean edit

Hanja edit

踵 (eumhun 발꿈치 종 (balkkumchi jong))

Hanja form^? of 종 (“heel”).

Okinawan edit

Kanji edit

踵

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Noun edit

踵(あどぅ) (adu)

heel

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

踵: Hán Việt readings: chủng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.