貌

Translingual edit

Han character edit

貌 (Kangxi radical 153, 豸+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 月竹竹日山 (BHHAU), four-corner 2621₀, composition ⿰豸皃)

Derived characters edit

邈㦝藐

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1201, character 19
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36556
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3913, character 4
Unihan data for U+8C8C

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		貌
2nd round simp.		皃
alternative forms		皃 ancient

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (皃) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
貌	*mreːwɢs
皃	mreːwɢs, mreːwɢ
藐	mawʔ, mraːwɢ
邈	*mraːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mreːwɢs) : phonetic 豹 (OC *preːwɢs) + semantic 皃 (“looks”).

Originally written as 皃 (OC *mreːwɢs, *mreːwɢ), which is a pictogram (象形) of the face.

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): mào (mao⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄇㄠˋ
(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mao⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maau⁶
(Taishan, Dictionary): mau⁵
Gan (Dictionary): mau⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mau
(Meixian, Guangdong): mau⁴
Jin (Dictionary): mau³
Northern Min (KCR): māu
Eastern Min (BUC): mâu
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): māu / bāu
(Teochew, Peng'im): mao⁶
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶mau
Xiang (Changsha, Dictionary): mau⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mào
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mào
  - Wade–Giles: mao⁴
  - Yale: màu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maw
  - Palladius: мао (mao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: mao⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mau²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: maau⁶
  - Yale: maauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mao⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maːu̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Dictionary: mau⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐbau³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Dictionary: mau⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mau¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mau
  - Hakka Romanization System: mau
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mau⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /mau̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: mau⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /mau⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Dictionary: mau³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /mau⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: māu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mau⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mâu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɑu²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: māu
  - Tâi-lô: māu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: mau
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /mãu²²/
  - IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /mãu³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bāu
  - Tâi-lô: bāu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bau
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /bau⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mao⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mău
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mau³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶mau
  - MiniDict: mau^去
  - Dictionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³mau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mɔ²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Dictionary: mau⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒu̯⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 貌
Mandarin	Beijing	/mɑu⁵¹/
	Harbin	/mau⁵³/
	Tianjin	/mɑu⁵³/
	Jinan	/mɔ²¹/
	Qingdao	/mɔ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/mau³¹²/
	Xi'an	/mau⁴⁴/
	Xining	/mɔ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/mɔ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/mɔ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/mɔ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/mau³⁵/
	Chengdu	/mau¹³/
	Guiyang	/mao²¹³/
	Kunming	/mɔ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/mɔo⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/mɔ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/mau⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/mɔ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/mɔ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/mɔ²³/
	Suzhou	/mæ³¹/
	Hangzhou	/mɔ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/muɔ²²/
Hui	Shexian	/mɔ²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/mo¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/mau⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/maɯ⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/mɑu²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/mau⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/mɑu⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/mau²²/
	Nanning	/mau²²/
	Hong Kong	/mau²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/mau²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/mɑu²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/mau⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/mãu³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/mau³¹/

Middle Chinese: maewH

Rime
Character	貌
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	莫敎切
Baxter	maewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠau^H/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚau^H/
Shao Rongfen	/mau^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨw^H/
Li Rong	/mau^H/
Wang Li	/mau^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/mau^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	maau⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤrawk-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*mreːwɢs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	貌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mào
Middle Chinese	‹ maew^H ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁrawk-s/
English	appearance, manner
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	貌
Reading #	1/1
No.	8932
Phonetic component	皃
Rime group	豹
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	皃
Old Chinese	/*mreːwɢs/
Notes	皃籀文

Definitions edit

貌

facial appearance; facial features; looks
outward appearance
expression; countenance
(Classical) Used by ancient scholars to define terms describing appearance: appearance of; description of
焂，……光動貌。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
焂，……光动貌。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: 1037, 《集韻》 (Jiyun)
Shú,...... Guāng dòng mào. [Pinyin]
Shú describes the appearance of a moving light.
- 匈奴謂天為「撐犁」，謂子為「孤塗」，單于者，廣大之貌也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  匈奴谓天为「撑犁」，谓子为「孤涂」，单于者，广大之貌也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE
  Xiōngnú wèi tiān wéi “chēnglí”, wèi zǐ wèi “gūtú”, chányú zhě, guǎngdà zhī mào yě. [Pinyin]
  The Xiongnu call "heaven" chengli and call "son" gutu; as for chanyu, it describes the vast and great appearance.
superficial; outer