恆

Han character edit

恆 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心一月一 (PMBM), four-corner 9101₇, composition ⿰忄亙)

References edit

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 383, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10528
• Dae Jaweon: page 714, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2294, character 16
• Unihan data for U+6046

Glyph origin edit

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯːŋ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 亙 (OC *kɯːŋs, “partial moon”).

May have originally been written 亙.

In Small Seal Script, the 月 in 亙 was written 舟.

Pronunciation 1 edit

Definitions edit

恆

1. ^† (of the moon) to wax

   • 如月之恆，如日之升。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     如月之恒，如日之升。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Rú yuè zhī héng, rú rì zhī shēng. [Pinyin]

     Like the moon advancing to the full,
     Like the sun ascending the heavens

2. ^† to extend everywhere

Pronunciation 2 edit

Definitions edit

恆

1. lasting; constant

   恆溫／恒温  ―  héngwēn  ―  constant temperature

   • 無恆產而有恆心者，惟士為能。若民，則無恆產，因無恆心。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     无恒产而有恒心者，惟士为能。若民，则无恒产，因无恒心。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Wú héng chǎn ér yǒu héngxīn zhě, wéi shì wéi néng. Ruò mín, zé wú héng chǎn, yīn wú héngxīn. [Pinyin]

     They are only men of education, who, without a certain livelihood, are able to maintain a fixed heart. As to the people, if they have not a certain livelihood, it follows that they will not have a fixed heart.

2. ordinary

   • 甘茂，賢人，非恆士也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     甘茂，贤人，非恒士也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5^th – 3^rd centuries BCE

     Gān Mào, xiánrén, fēi héng shì yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 夫可規以利而可諫以言者，皆愚陋恆民之謂耳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     夫可规以利而可谏以言者，皆愚陋恒民之谓耳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Fū kě guī yǐ lì ér kě jiàn yǐ yán zhě, jiē yúlòu héngmín zhī wèi ěr. [Pinyin]

     Those who can be persuaded by considerations of gain, and to whom remonstrances may be addressed with success, are all ignorant, low, and ordinary people.

3. perseverance

   持之以恆／持之以恒  ―  chízhīyǐhéng  ―  to persevere

   • 人而無恆，不可以作巫醫。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     人而无恒，不可以作巫医。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Rén ér wú héng, bù kěyǐ zuò wūyī. [Pinyin]

     A man without constancy cannot be either a wizard or a doctor.

4. (literary) often; frequently

   • 性嗜酒，而家貧不能恆得。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     性嗜酒，而家贫不能恒得。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 4th–5th century, Tao Yuanming, 五柳先生傳

     Xìng shì jiǔ, ér jiā pín bùnéng héng dé. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

5. 32nd hexagram of the I Ching; “endurance” (䷟)

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

Kanji edit

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 恒)

1. always, constant

Readings edit

• Go-on: ごう (gō)
• Kan-on: こう (kō)
• Kun: つね (tsune, 恆)
• Nanori: わたる (wataru); のぶ (nobu); ひさ (hisa); ひさし (hisashi)

Hanja edit

恆 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang, Yale hang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Han character edit

恆: Hán Nôm readings: hằng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.