富

Translingual edit

Stroke order

Han character edit

Stroke order (Japan)

富 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 十一口田 (JMRW), four-corner 3060₆, composition ⿱宀畐)

Derived characters edit

𫣡, 𠾙, 𡡩, 𢠲, 𪷛, 𬁗, 𬋋, 䒇, 𣎬, 𧬙, 𨬬, 𩍏, 𫙻, 𪧰, 𪆠, 䔰, 𩯅, 𡬂

Related characters edit

冨 (Variant form)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 288, character 27
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7230
Dae Jaweon: page 571, character 22
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 942, character 4
Unihan data for U+5BCC

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.		富
2nd round simp.		𫲷
alternative forms		冨

Wikipedia has articles on:

富姓 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
富氏 (Cantonese)
Hù (biân-pêng) (Southern Min)

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 富
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (畐) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
富	*pɯɡs
輻	pɯɡs, pɯɡ
副	pʰɯɡs, pʰrɯɡ, *pʰɯɡ
褔	*pʰɯɡs
蔔	*bɯːɡ
匐	bɯːɡ, bɯɡ
逼	*prɯɡ
偪	prɯɡ, pɯɡ
幅	prɯɡ, pɯɡ
楅	prɯɡ, pɯɡ
湢	*prɯɡ
堛	*pʰrɯɡ
愊	*pʰrɯɡ
踾	pʰrɯɡ, brɯɡ, *pɯɡ
揊	*pʰrɯɡ
稫	*pʰrɯɡ
畐	pʰrɯɡ, bɯɡ
疈	*pʰrɯɡ
腷	*brɯɡ
鶝	brɯɡ, pɯɡ
福	*pɯɡ
蝠	*pɯɡ
葍	*pɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pɯɡs) : semantic 宀 + phonetic 畐 (OC *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ).

Etymology edit

Bodman (1980) compares it to Tibetan ཕྱུག (phyug, “rich; wealthy”), ཕྱུགས (phyugs, “all beasts that can be domesticated or subjugated by man; cattle”), but the vowels do not match with Chinese (Schuessler, 2007).

Sagart (1999) relates it to 寶 (OC *puːʔ), but see there for more. In later work, Sagart (2011b, 2017d) connects it to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *pʷak (“pig”), comparing the semantic development from “pig” to “rich” to Latin pecunia (“money”), which is derived from Latin pecu (“cattle; domestic animals”), and tentatively reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *C.pək (“pig”). However, the Tibeto-Burman word for “pig” is usually compared to 豝 (OC *praː, “sow”).

Cognate with 福 (OC *pɯɡ, “blessing”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fù (fu⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ
(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu⁴
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Dictionary): фу (fu, III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): fu³
Gan (Dictionary): fu⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fu
(Meixian, Guangdong): fu⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): hó / bó
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hù / pù
(Teochew, Peng'im): bu³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵fu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fù
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fù
  - Wade–Giles: fu⁴
  - Yale: fù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
  - Palladius: фу (fu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fu⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Dictionary: фу (fu, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fou⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fu³
  - Yale: fu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Dictionary: fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fu⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hó / bó
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hou²¹³/, /pou²¹³/

Note:

hó - colloquial;
bó - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hù
  - Tâi-lô: hù
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hux
  - IPA (Taipei): /hu¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /hu²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pù
  - Tâi-lô: pù
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pux
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /pu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pu¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /pu²¹/

Note:

hù - literary;
pù - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: bu³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pù
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu²¹³/

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵fu
  - MiniDict: fu^去
  - Dictionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fu³⁴/

Middle Chinese: pjuwH

Rime
Character	富
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方副切
Baxter	pjuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/piu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/piəu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puw^H/
Li Rong	/piu^H/
Wang Li	/pĭəu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯ə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fau³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pək-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*pɯɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	富
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fù
Middle Chinese	‹ pjuw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*pək-s/
English	rich; wealth
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	富
Reading #	1/1
No.	3372
Phonetic component	畐
Rime group	代
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	富
Old Chinese	/*pɯɡs/

Definitions edit

富

abundant; ample
rich; wealthy
wealth
to make rich; to make wealthy
a surname: Fu
(～縣) Fu County, Fuxian (a county of Yan'an, Shaanxi, China)

Antonyms edit

(antonym(s) of “rich”): 貧／贫 (pín)

Compounds edit

七貧七富／七贫七富
七貧八富／七贫八富
乍富人
亮富
佃富農／佃富农
侈富
倚富欺貧／倚富欺贫
冒富
功名富貴／功名富贵 (gōngmíng fùguì)
劫富濟貧／劫富济贫 (jiéfùjìpín)
博富
吳富體／吴富体
善富
國富／国富
國富兵強／国富兵强 (guófùbīngqiáng)
國富兵强
國富民強／国富民强 (guófùmínqiáng)
國富論／国富论
國富調查／国富调查
均富
坐富貴／坐富贵
坐床富貴／坐床富贵
堂皇富麗／堂皇富丽
多文為富／多文为富
大官富貴／大官富贵
大富
大富大貴／大富大贵
大富翁 (Dàfùwēng)
姦富／奸富
嫌貧愛富／嫌贫爱富
學富五車／学富五车
安富
安富尊榮／安富尊荣
安富恤窮／安富恤穷
安富恤貧／安富恤贫
宏富 (hóngfù)
完富
富不如貧／富不如贫
富中
富人 (fùrén)
富人侯
富侈
富健
富備／富备
富兒／富儿
富冶
富利
富力
富勢／富势
富博
富厚
富叟
富可敵國／富可敌国 (fùkědíguó)
富含 (fùhán)
富吳體／富吴体
富商 (fùshāng)
富商大賈／富商大贾 (fùshāngdàgǔ)
富商巨賈／富商巨贾 (fùshāngjùgǔ)
富商蓄賈／富商蓄贾
富國／富国 (fùguó)
富國學／富国学
富國安民／富国安民
富國強兵／富国强兵 (fùguóqiángbīng)
富國強民／富国强民
富國强民
富國彊兵／富国强兵
富國裕民／富国裕民
富城坪 (Fùchéngpíng)
富埒天子
富埒陶白
富基 (Fùjī)
富堪敵國／富堪敌国
富士山 (Fùshìshān)
富士紙／富士纸
富壽／富寿 (Fùshòu)
富大
富奢
富姦／富奸
富婆 (fùpó)
富媼／富媪
富嫗／富妪
富孀
富子
富安 (Fù'ān)
富完
富室
富室兒／富室儿
富室大家
富室子
富家 (fùjiā)
富家大室
富家子
富家巨室
富家翁
富富有餘／富富有余
富實／富实 (fùshí)
富寵／富宠
富平 (Fùpíng)
富平侯
富平津
富平車／富平车
富年
富庶 (fùshù)
富康
富強／富强 (fùqiáng)
富強康樂／富强康乐
富彊／富强 (fùqiáng)
富愈
富態／富态
富戶／富户 (fùhù)
富才
富捷
富教
富於／富于 (fùyú)
富於春秋／富于春秋
富族
富昌 (fùchāng)
富春 (Fùchūn)
富春山
富春江
富春渚
富春秋
富有 (fùyǒu)
富樂／富乐
富櫜
富歲／富岁
富殖
富比王侯
富比陶衛／富比陶卫
富民 (fùmín)
富民侯
富民渠
富水
富池 (Fùchí)
富治
富泰 (fùtài)
富浪 (Fùlàng)
富渥
富源 (fùyuán)
富溢
富漢／富汉
富熅／富煴
富營養化／富营养化 (fùyíngyǎnghuà)
富父
富產／富产 (fùchǎn)
富甲一方 (fùjiǎyīfāng)
富甲天下 (fùjiǎ tiānxià)
富發／富发
富益
富盛 (fùshèng)
富眾／富众
富礦／富矿 (fùkuàng)
富祿／富禄
富積／富积
富穰
富窟
富紳／富绅
富給／富给
富繁
富羨／富羡
富翁 (fùwēng)
富老
富而不驕／富而不骄
富而好施
富而好禮／富而好礼
富而無驕／富而无骄
富胎
富腴
富艷／富艳
富茂
富蕃
富藏
富衍
富裕 (fùyù)
富裕中農／富裕中农 (fùyù zhōngnóng)
富說／富说
富謙／富谦
富豔／富艳
富豪 (fùháo)
富豫
富財／富财
富貲／富赀
富貴／富贵 (fùguì)
富貴不淫／富贵不淫
富貴人家／富贵人家
富貴利達／富贵利达
富貴功名／富贵功名
富貴在天／富贵在天
富貴壽考／富贵寿考
富貴有餘／富贵有余
富貴榮華／富贵荣华
富貴氣／富贵气
富貴浮雲／富贵浮云
富貴無常／富贵无常
富貴紅／富贵红
富貴花／富贵花
富貴花開／富贵花开
富貴衣／富贵衣
富貴豪宕／富贵豪宕
富貴逼人／富贵逼人
富貴顯榮／富贵显荣
富貴風流／富贵风流
富貴驕人／富贵骄人
富賈／富贾
富贍／富赡
富足 (fùzú)
富轢萬古／富轹万古
富農／富农 (fùnóng)
富逸
富邑
富鄰／富邻
富鄭公／富郑公
富里 (Fùlǐ)
富重
富量
富鉤／富钩
富錦／富锦 (Fùjǐn)
富隆
富面百城
富韓／富韩
富餘／富余
富饒／富饶 (fùráo)
富駱／富骆
富驕／富骄
富骨
富麗／富丽 (fùlì)
富麗堂皇／富丽堂皇 (fùlì tánghuáng)
巨富 (jùfù)
平富
年富力強／年富力强 (niánfùlìqiáng)
康富
強兵富國／强兵富国
強富／强富
怙富
恢富
愛富嫌貧／爱富嫌贫
打富濟貧／打富济贫
放富差貧／放富差贫
新富 (Xīnfù)
日富
昌富
暴富 (bàofù)
書富五車／书富五车
本富
末富
李富莊／李富庄 (Lǐfùzhuāng)
榮富／荣富
榮華富貴／荣华富贵 (rónghuáfùguì)
權富／权富
殷富 (yīnfù)
毗富
民富國強／民富国强 (mínfùguóqiáng)
民富國彊／民富国强
民殷國富
沖富／冲富
浮雲富貴／浮云富贵
淵富／渊富
清富
溫富／温富
濁富／浊富
為仁不富／为仁不富
為富不仁／为富不仁 (wéifùbùrén)
煩富／烦富
熾富／炽富
瑰富
發家致富／发家致富
發富／发富
發富發貴／发富发贵
發財致富／发财致富
百城之富
百萬富翁／百万富翁 (bǎiwàn fùwēng)
私富
積富／积富
窮兒暴富／穷儿暴富
窮家富路／穷家富路
窮富極貴／穷富极贵
窮貴極富／穷贵极富
精富
給富／给富
繁富 (fánfù)
繁榮富強／繁荣富强
胎裡富／胎里富
致富 (zhìfù)
興富／兴富
訾富
該富／该富
豐富／丰富 (fēngfù)
豐富多采 (fēngfùduōcǎi)
豪富
財富／财富 (cáifù)
貧富／贫富 (pínfù)
貧富不均／贫富不均
貧富差距／贫富差距 (pínfù chājù)
貧富懸殊／贫富悬殊 (pínfùxuánshū)
貴富／贵富
賣富／卖富
賣富差貧／卖富差贫
贍富／赡富
起富
辯富／辩富
迎富
逃富
逞富
進富／进富
重富
鉅富／巨富 (jùfù)
長命富貴／长命富贵
閎富／闳富
閡富／阂富
阿富汗 (Āfùhàn)
阿富汗尼 (āfùhànní)
阿富羅底／阿富罗底
陶猗之富
隆富
雄富
露富
餮富
饒富／饶富
首富 (shǒufù)
驕富／骄富
驟富／骤富
高而富球
鬥富／斗富
鴻商富賈／鸿商富贾
鴻富／鸿富
麗富／丽富
鼎富

Descendants edit

→ English: Fu

References edit

“富”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

富

Wikipedia ^ja

Kanji edit

富

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Go-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ふう (fū, Jōyō ^†)
Kun: とむ (tomu, 富む, Jōyō); とみ (tomi, 富, Jōyō)

Compounds edit

豊(ほう)富(ふ) (hōfu)

Etymology edit

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

富

Wikipedia ^ja

Kanji in this term
富
とみ Grade: 4
kun’yomi

連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 富(と)む (tomu, “to be rich”).

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) とみ [tóꜜmì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [to̞mʲi]

Noun edit

富(とみ) • (tomi)

wealth; fortune

References edit

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja edit

富 (eumhun 부유할 부 (buyuhal bu))

Hanja form^? of 부 (“wealth”).

Compounds edit

부자(富者) (buja, “rich person”)
부유(富裕) (buyu, “wealth”)

Old Japanese edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 富 (MC pjuwH).

Phonogram edit

富 (po₂)

Denotes phonographic syllable po₂.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

富: Hán Việt readings: phú^[1]^[2]^[3]
富: Nôm readings: phú^[1]^[3]^[4]^[5]

chữ Hán form of phú (“wealth”).

Compounds edit

富家 (phú gia)
富貴 (phú quý / phú quí)

References edit

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[tdcntd-2] 1.0 ^1.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-3] Trần (2004).

[bonet-4] 3.0 ^3.1 Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-5] Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-6] Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[1]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

富

Contents

Translingual edit

Han character edit

Derived characters edit

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