振

Translingual edit

Han character edit

振 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手一一女 (QMMV), four-corner 5103₂, composition ⿰扌辰)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 431, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12093
Dae Jaweon: page 780, character 34
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1879, character 1
Unihan data for U+632F

Chinese edit

trad.		振
simp. ^#		振

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (辰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
辴	tʰɯl, tʰɯnʔ, *tʰɯn
屒	tɯnʔ, djɯn
振	tjɯn, tjɯns
侲	tjɯn, tjɯn
桭	tjɯn, djɯn
唇	tjɯn, ɦljun
帪	*tjɯn
賑	tjɯnʔ, tjɯns
裖	*tjɯnʔ
敐	tjɯnʔ, djɯn
震	*tjɯn
娠	tjɯns, hljɯn
蜃	djɯns, djɯnʔ, *djins
辰	*djɯn
晨	djɯn, ɦljɯn
宸	*djɯn
鷐	*djɯn
麎	*djɯn
祳	*djɯnʔ
脤	*djɯnʔ
鋠	*djɯnʔ
磭	ŋrɯnʔ, ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
陙	*djun
脣	*ɦljun
漘	*ɦljun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjɯn, *tjɯns) : semantic 手 + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn).

Pronunciation 1 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhèn (zhen⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zan³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳ́n
(Meixian, Guangdong): zen³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tín / chín
(Teochew, Peng'im): zing² / ding²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhèn
  - Wade–Giles: chên⁴
  - Yale: jèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenn
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zan³
  - Yale: jan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzan³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zen³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́n
  - Hakka Romanization System: ziin`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zin³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zen³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sən³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tín
  - Tâi-lô: tín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dien
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tin⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tin⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tin⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chín
  - Tâi-lô: tsín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cien
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sin⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴¹/

Note:

tín - vernacular;
chín - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zing² / ding²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsíng / tíng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵²/, /tiŋ⁵²/

Note:

zing2 - literary;
ding2 - vernacular (in 振動).

Middle Chinese: tsyinH

Rime
Character	振
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	章刃切
Baxter	tsyinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cin^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕn^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tər-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*tjɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	振
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhèn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyin^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tər-s/
English	shake
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	振
Reading #	2/2
No.	1366
Phonetic component	辰
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	震
Old Chinese	/*tjɯns/

Definitions edit

振

to wave; to shake
to sway; to rock
to wield; to brandish; to shake
to brace oneself; to rise vigorously; to rise up
to vibrate; to tremble

Synonyms edit

(to wave): 動搖／动摇 (dòngyáo), 搖動／摇动 (yáodòng)
(to sway):

搖動／摇动 (yáodòng)
搖擺／摇摆 (yáobǎi)
搖晃／摇晃
搖曳／摇曳 (yáoyè)
搖蕩／摇荡 (yáodàng)
搖顯／摇显 (Hokkien)
摵 (Hokkien)
擺動／摆动 (bǎidòng)
晃動／晃动 (huàngdòng)
舞動／舞动 (wǔdòng)
蕩／荡 (dàng) (literary, or in compounds)
閃／闪 (shǎn)

(to wield):

揮動／挥动 (huīdòng)
揮舞／挥舞 (huīwǔ)
耍 (shuǎ)
舞 (wǔ) (literary, or in compounds)
舞動／舞动 (wǔdòng) (formal)

(to vibrate): 抖動／抖动 (dǒudòng), 振動／振动 (zhèndòng)

Compounds edit

一蹶不振 (yījuébùzhèn)
三振 (sānzhèn)
三振出局 (sānzhèn chūjú)
不振 (bùzhèn)
低迷不振
偏振 (piānzhèn)
偏振光 (piānzhènguāng)
共振 (gòngzhèn)
吸振器
嚴振／严振
大振 (dàzhèn)
委靡不振
威振天下
彈冠振衣／弹冠振衣
振作 (zhènzuò)
振作有為／振作有为
振刷
振動／振动 (zhèndòng)
振古
振奮／振奋 (zhènfèn)
振奮人心／振奋人心 (zhènfènrénxīn)
振威
振幅 (zhènfú)
振弱除暴
振慴／振慑
振拔 (zhènbá)
振振
振振有辭／振振有辞 (zhènzhènyǒucí)
振揚／振扬
振救
振旅
振槁
振民育德
振玉
振盪／振荡 (zhèndàng)
振盪器／振荡器 (zhèndàngqì)
振窮卹貧／振穷卹贫
振窮恤寡／振穷恤寡
振筆／振笔
振策
振筆直書／振笔直书
振纓／振缨
振翅高飛／振翅高飞
振翮 (zhènhé)
振翼
振聾發聵／振聋发聩 (zhènlóngfākuì)
振臂 (zhènbì)
振臂一呼 (zhènbìyīhū)
振臂高呼
振興／振兴 (zhènxīng)
振落
振衣
振衣提領／振衣提领
振衣濯足
振衰起敝
振裘持領／振裘持领
振警愚頑／振警愚顽
振貧濟乏／振贫济乏
振起 (zhènqǐ)
振鐸／振铎
振領提綱／振领提纲
振鱗奮翼／振鳞奋翼
振鷺／振鹭
振鷺充庭／振鹭充庭
振鷺在庭／振鹭在庭
提振
援溺振渴
揚葩振藻／扬葩振藻
搖山振岳／摇山振岳
摛翰振藻
核磁共振 (hécí gòngzhèn)
欲振乏力
玉振
玉振金聲／玉振金声
發矇振聵／发蒙振聩
發聾振聵／发聋振聩
發蒙振落／发蒙振落
積弱不振／积弱不振
聲振林木／声振林木
萎靡不振
重振 (chóngzhèn)
重振旗鼓
重振雄風／重振雄风
金聲玉振／金声玉振
響振／响振
頹靡不振／颓靡不振
食慾不振／食欲不振 (shíyùbùzhèn)
龍蹙虎振／龙蹙虎振

Pronunciation 2 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhēn (zhen¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhēn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhen
  - Wade–Giles: chên¹
  - Yale: jēn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jen
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zan¹
  - Yale: jān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: tsyin

Rime
Character	振
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	側鄰切
Baxter	tsyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tər/
(Zhengzhang): /*tjɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	振
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhēn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyin ›
Old Chinese	/*tər/
English	numerous; majestic
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	振
Reading #	1/2
No.	1358
Phonetic component	辰
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	眞
Old Chinese	/*tjɯn/
Notes	原誤側鄰切，依韻目注改

Definitions edit

振

^† Only used in 振振 (zhēnzhēn).

Pronunciation 3 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhěn (zhen³)
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhěn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhěn
  - Wade–Giles: chên³
  - Yale: jěn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeen
  - Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən²¹⁴/

Definitions edit

振

^† Alternative form of 袗 (zhěn, “unlined garment”)

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

振

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

swing, wield, flourish, wave, shake

Readings edit

Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kun: ふる (furu, 振る, Jōyō); ふるう (furuu, 振るう, Jōyō); ふれる (fureru, 振れる, Jōyō); ふり (furi)

Compounds edit

振(ふり)付(つけ) (furitsuke, “choreography”)
振(ふ)り付(つ)け (furitsuke, “choreography”)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

振 • (jin) (hangeul 진, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)

Raise, excite

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

振: Hán Nôm readings: chấn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.