Amafilimu, noma amamovie, olunye uhlobo lwezindlela zokuxhumana ezisebenzisa okubonwayo ukuxoxa izindaba noma ukufundisa abantu okuthize. Kubantu abaningi, ukubuka amafilimu kuyindlela yokuqeda isizungu, noma yokuzijabulisa. Kwabanye, ifilimu ebajabulisayo ile ebenza bahleke, kepha kwabanye ile ebenza bakhale noma bathuke.
Amafilimu amaningi enzelwa ukuze ezoboniswa kumabhayisikhobhu. Ngemuva kokuba aboniswe kumabhayisikobhu isikhathi esingaba amaviki amubalwa noma izinyanga, kungenzeka amakethelwe kweminye imikhakha. Abe eseboniswa kumabonakude, aphinde adayiswe noma aqashiswe kumaDVD disk noma kumavideocassette tape, ukuze abantu bezowabuka lamafilimu emakhaya. Ungakwazi futhi ukuwadawuniloda noma uzibukele wona Kwi-inthanethi. Amafilimu amadala ayaye adlalwe eziteshini zokusakaza zakumabonakude.
Ikhamera yamafilimu ithatha izithombe ngokukhulu ukushesha. Ngokujwayelekile, ithatha izithombe (amafremu) ezingama-24 noma 25 ngesekhondi elilodwa. Uma imovie projector, noma ikhompyutha, noma umabonakude udlala lezizithombe ngalesosivinini, kubukeka sengathi izinto ezitshengiswa kulezizithombe ziyanyakaza. Umsindo uqoshwa ngalesosikhathi noma ufakwa ngesinye isikhathi. Umsindo kwifilimu kuyaye kube umsindo wabantu abakhulumayo (okubizwa ngengxoxompikiswano), umculo (okubizwa nge "soundtrack"), imisindo ekhandiwe, imisindo yezinto ezenzeka kuleyofilimu (njengokuvaleka kweminyango noma ukudubula kwezibhamu). Amakhamera asemandulo ayesebenzisa okwakubizwa ngephotographic film. Yize noma ingasekho iphotographic film, umphumela wokugcina usabizwa ngokuthi ifilimu.
Umbhali ubhala isikripthi, okuyindaba yefilimu ehambisana nengxoxompikiswano nezinto abalingisi abazozisho baphinde bazenze. Uproducer uqasha abantu abazosebenza kuleyofilimu aphinde athole yonke imali ezodingeka ukukhokhela abalingisi nezinsizakusebenza. Ngokujwayelekile, amaproducer imali ayithola ngokuyiboleka ebhange noma ngokuthola abatshalizimali ukuba batshale ekuqopheni ifilimu. Amanye amaproducer asebenzela isitudyo; amanye amaproducer a-independent (awasebenzeli isitudyo).
Abalingisi namadirector bafunda izikripthi ukuthola abazokusho nabazokwenza. Abalingisi bawabamba ngekhanda amagama okumele bawasho kwifilimu baphinde bafunde iminyakazo nezinto isikripthi esibatshela ukuba bakwenze. Udirector ube esetshela abalingisi indlela okumele balingise ngayo bese umthwebulizithombe athathe izithombe ezinyakazayo ngekhamera yamafilimu.
Uma ukuqopha sekuqediwe, ueditor uhlanganisa zonke izithombe ezinyakazayo ndawonye ngendlela exoxa indaba yonke ngesikhathi esithize. Ama-audio engineers namasound engineers aqopha umculo bese awuhlanganisa nezithombe ezinyakazayo. Uma ifilimu isiqediwe, izindlu zamafilimu zenza amakhophi aleyofilimu abe maningi bese bawafaka kumafilm reels. Amareels lawo abe esethunyelwa kumabhayisikobhu. Umshini osebenza ngogesi obizwa ngeprojector, ukhanyisa ilambu elixhophayo kuleyofilimu ukuze abantu abahlezi egumbini elimunyama bezoyibuka esikrinini esikhulu.
Igenre igama lesingisi elisho uhlobo lwefilimu noma isitayela sefilimu. Amafilimu kungenzeka kube ngaqanjiwe, noma atshengisa impilo yangempela, noma akuhlanganisa kokubili lokhu. Ayizigidi ngezigidi amafilimu enziwa unyaka nonyaka, kepha ayincosana kulawo angalandeli imithetho ebekiwe, noma izindatshana. Amanye amafilimu ayaye axube izinhlobo ezimbili kuya ngaphezulu.
Amafilimu amaningi alahlekelwa yimali kodwa amanye enza izigidi zama miliyoni, noma ngabe ngama-dollars, ama-euros noma ama-pounds. ENdiya amafilimu ayinxenye enkulu kakhulu yomnotho wezwe. Lomukhakha usubuswe yizimboni ezinkulu ezimubalwa isikhathi eside. Okubalwa kuzo i-MGM/UA, i-WarnerBros., i-Columbia, i-Lucasfilm, i-Paramount noma i-Disney.
Ziningi izimboni ezinkulu ezinikezana usizo oludingekayo ukwenza amafilimu, okunjengama-special effects, ukukhanyisa, ukwakha izakhiwo zokuqopha. Iningi lalaba basebenzi bangaphansi kwezinyunyana ezishoyo ukuba amalunga azo kumele abhadalwe umholo ongakanani. Ziyisibalo esikhulu izimboni ezincanyana nazo ezinikezana usizo, njengezindawo zokuqopha umculo (eziqopha umculo ziwuqophela ama-sound tracks) nama-CGI okuyizithombe ezidwetshwe ngekhompyutha.
Ekugcineni, kunezimboni ezidayisa amafilimu (ziwathumela umhlaba wonke noma izwe lonke), kuphinde kube khona izimboni zokukhangisa ezazisa abantu ngaleyofilimu ziyiphromothe (zizame ukuheha abantu ukuba bezolangazelela ukuyibuka leyofilimu).
Amafilimu anabalingisi abadume kakhulu futhi enziwe ngemali eningi, enzelwe ukuba athandwe ngabantu abaningi, ngethemba lokuthi amamiliyoni wabantu azobhadala ukuwabuka. Lamafilimu enziwa ngemali eshisiwe abizwa ngokuthi ngama-blockbusters.
Ama-Special effects angenza ukuba kubize kakhulu ukwenziwa kwefilimu, ikakhulukazi loluhlobo olusha olwaziwa ngokuthi i-CGI, kodwa abantu abaningi sebeqala ukuwalindela futhi i-blockbuster ne-blockbuster isizama ukwendlula engaphambili. Nangonyaka ka-2008, amanye amafilimu ayesebiza imali engango $200 million ukuwenza.
Amafilimu ayimpumelelo enkulu angayiphinda phinda kaningi leyomali, ingakho izitudyo ziqhubeka nokuwakhiqiza. Ifilimu yalolu hlobo liyaye likhangiswe kakhulu ezindaweni ezinjengo mabonakude, ama-billboards nakwi inthanethi.
Kumafilimu angama-blockbuster, kuvame ukuba nesiphetho esijabulisayo, lapho zonke izinkinga endabeni zixazululwa futhi wonke umuntu (ngaphandle kwesigilamkhuba) uphila ngenjabulo engunaphakade. Amanye amafilimu aba yimpumelelo ngendlela yokuba izitudyo ziqhubeke zikhiqize ezinye izigaba noma izahluko zaleyo filimu.
Ekugcineni kwama-blockbuster, kunama-independent movies, art movies, noma ama-Indie movies. Lanka avame ukwenziwa yizimboni zamafilimu ezincane, noma yidlanzana nje labantu abangenayo nemali etheni. Umzekelo yifilimu ebizwa ngokuthi-The Blair Witch Project, eyabiza inani elingama $60,000 ukuyenza, kodwa eseyenze imali ebalelwa kuma $200 million ngokuthengisa amathikithi nama-DVD. Amafilimu anjengalena awavamile futhi avame ukudunyiswa 'underground' (ngokuxoxelana kwabantu), ukuze abe yintando yabantu noma adume kodwa hhayi njengama-blockbuster.
Ama-Independent movies avame ukuxoxa izindaba ezicubunguliwe noma ezingajwayelekile futhi kuyenzeka zibe neziphetho ezidabukisayo ezingathandwa izitudyo ezinkulu ngoba ziyaye zingabi naso isiqiniseko sokuba umphakathi uzozizwa kanjani ngazo. Kukancane ukuba lamafilimu enze imali eningi, kodwa uma ekwazile ukuphumelela, izitudyo ezinkulu ziyaye zizame ukuxhumana nabantu abayenza ngokushesha ukuze bezongena kwisivumelwano nabo, ngokubathembisa imali eningi ukuba benze enye ifilimu. Imvamisa, leyofilimu entsha, nemali yayo enkulu nabalingisi abakhulu iyaye ingabi impumelelo njengale yokuqala.
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