地理者,大地之理也。《易》曰「仰以觀天文,俯以察地理」。夫地理之學,古今中外皆有之。
其學之大宗有二,曰「自然」,曰「人文」。
自然者,觀諸天地也,窮天地而究四海,知海陸所成,探日月星相者也。人文者,觀天下世間群社,論四海列國百態之學也。二學互補而生,不可或缺。
古人由以地理學為方技,製山川輿圖也。彼時不知天地為球,輿圖多宗天圓地方之說。今人可飛天而瞰天下,遂得精確。
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