氨基酸,或曰胺基酸者,朊之元也。稟碳、氫、氮、氧之氣,或懷硫者。氨基酸之紜紜,締成肽,謂脫水縮合,其間有結,曰共價鍵,如氫鍵、硫鍵、疏水鍵之屬,交纏成朊。
凡氨基酸,有機共價化合物也。碳原子總各端,左右胺基( )、羧基( )拱之,上承氫原子,下附一側鏈,側鏈無定物,隨置共價基。其至簡者,獨得氫原子,繁極者,可附苯基之儔。化學式 ,其中 為側鏈。羧基能捐氫離子而成酸,殆類羧酸。氨基酸以側鏈能附鹼,非盡呈酸。
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