朊者,百昌之源,自洋文protein也,通譯「蛋白質」,亦兼音義曰「胞蛋質」,屬有機高分子。氨基酸職之,能相締合,曰脫水縮合,其結曰「肽」,肽如索鏈,盤曲蜿蜒,肽夥而缠,朊由是生,天地渾成,衍生萬品。大抵分四類,序次各殊,能遺傳以續嗣。
朊者,今格致家皆以是有四級之構象也。一為氨基酸之脫水縮合以成肽,以肽鍵屬之。二為肽鏈之盤折,有α-螺旋,β-折疊,β-轉角諸類,不一而足,皆以氫鍵連接之;又有超二級結構。三為肽鏈以范德華力、疏水鍵諸作用而力鏈接。四為空間之構象。
朊之為字,史本無載。清末西學東漸,學人譯protein,本希臘語,初始義,乃採元字表意,而取肉字別類。
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