Le nkulungwane idlulileyo ibone uthotho lobhubhane lomkhuhlane oluthe lwasasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwihlabathi jikelele.
Intsusa yalo bhubhane isuka kwiivayirasi zomkhuhlane wezilwanyana ezijikeleza ngokwendalo emoyeni zosulele iintaka kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana. Amaxesha ngamaxesha ezivayirasi zezilwanyana ziyaguqulwa zibe ziintsholongwane zabantu, ezithi ke zidluliselwe kumntu nomntu. Zibizwa ngokuba lusulelo lwe-zoonotic kuba zisuka kwizilwanyana.
Ukuqelelana kwabantu (ngokuchanekileyo kubizwa ngokuba kukumela mgama ngokomzimba) kubalulekile ekunqandeni nasekumiseni ukusasazeka kwalo bhubhane womkhuhlane ofana ne-COVID-19. Ukumela mgama ngokomzimba ngokulula kuthetha ukugcina umgama phakathi kwakho nabanye abantu odibana nabo kwindawo zikawonke-wonke, okanye ukuzinqanda ungayi kwiindawo ezinjalo xa ukwazi. UGqr Jeff Kwong oyingcali yezifo ezosulelayo we kwiDyunivesithi yaseToronto, ucebisa athi igama elithi ukumela mgama ngokomzimba kuchaphazela ngokuchanekileyo into ekufuneka yenziwe ngabantu ukuthintela usulelo kwaye oko akuthethi ukubekelwa bucala. Iingcali zigxininisile kwisidingo sokunxibelelana nabahlobo kunye nabo ubathandayo ngexesha lobhubhane.
Ukuqonda umsebenzi wokuqelelana kwabantu, siqala ngokujonga kwakhona imodeli elula yokuthibaza ubhubhane eyakhiwe ziingcali zesifo esosulelayo. Kule modeli ilula, kusetyenziswa idatha kunye nezifundo ezityhilekayo zika 2019/2020 ze-Covid-19 engubhubhane. Siqala ngedatha evela e-China, apho lo bhubhane waqala khona emva koko silandele ukukhula nokunaba kobhubhane we-Covid-19 eMzantsi Afrika. Oku kunika isiseko sokuvavanya ifuthe lokuqelelana kwabantu ekuthinteleni nasekuthomalaliseni ukunaba kobhubhane i-Covid-19. Siqukumbela inqaku ngokujonga indlela zokuba iimpembelelo ezimbi zokuqelelana kwabantu ngokomzimba zinokuthintelwa kwaye zoyiswe njani.
Izifo ezosulelayo ezifana ne-COVID-19 zihlala zisasazeka ngezigaba ezintathu. Ezi zigaba zibonakaliswa kwigrafu engezantsi.
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Umzobo: Igrafu 1 ukuthomalalisa ubhubhane ngu Toby Morris. TheSpinoff 9 Match 2020
Iingcali zesifo esosulelayo zibhekisa kwezi zigaba zintathu zibonakaliswe kwigrafu engaphezulu njengobhubhane owosulelayo. Ubhubhane owosulelayo ubonakalisa umfanekiso wenani lwabantu abafunyaniswe benentsholongwane eyosulelayo kunye nenqanaba apho usuleleko lusasazeka khona ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Umzobo: 2 Ukuthibaza usasazeko
Ngokuchasene nale mvelaphi kucacile ukuba izifo ezingubhubhane ezosulelayo njenge Khovidi zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kubemi boluntu njengesiphumo ngqo sokunxibelelana kwabantu. Ukuhambela okanye ukumela mgama ngokwasentlalweni kunye nangokomzimba kwabantu yenye yeendlela eziphambili ezisetyenziselwa ukuphazamisa kwaye nokubamba ukusasazeka kwezifo ezosulelayo.
Ukumela qelele ngokomzimba sisenzo sezempilo sikawonke-wonke esijolise ekuthinteleni abantu abagulayo ukuba bangadibani nabantu abasempilweni ukuze banciphise amathuba okusasazeka kwezifo ezosulelayo nezinobungozi. Kubandakanya amanyathelo amakhulu anjengokunyanzela ukumiswa kweedolophu kunye nelizwe liphela kunye nezenzo ezizodwa njengokukhetha ukuphepha iindawo zikawonke-wonke. Amanyathelo amakhulu ubukhulu becala abekwa rhoqo ngabasemagunyeni njengoorhulumente besizwe. Umzekelo wenyathelo elinjalo kukumiswa kwelizwe ngokubanzi eMzantsi Afrika ukususela ezinzulwini zobusuku nge-26 kaMatshi 2020 kude kubesezinzulwini zobusuku bange-16 ka-Epreli ngo-2020, kwaze emva koko kwandiswa ezinye iintsuku ezili-14. Ukumiswa kwelizwe kwatyalwa ngokwecandelo lama-27 (2) loMthetho woLawulo lweNtlekele. (Disaster Management Act) kwaye kwabekwa uluhlu lwezithintelo, olujolise ekunciphiseni ukunxibelelana ngokwasemzimbeni phakathi kwabantu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, icandelo 11B lemigaqo:
Imigaqo nayo ithi:
Ukongeza le migaqo ikwaxhobisa abasemagunyeni kuzwelonke nabamaphondo ukuba bakwazi ukubeka abantu abathile bucala. Amanyathelo wokuba umntu makahlale yedwa ekhusini abeka imida yokuhamba kwabantu abanokuthi babe nakho ukosuleleka yintsholongwane yekhorona ngokubasa kwindawo yokugcinwa yodwa kangangexesha elithile elichaziweyo. Imilinganiselo yokuhlala bucala yahlukanisa abantu abosulelwe yintsholongwane yekhorona kubantu abasempilweni.
Onke la manyathelo abe neempembelelo ezibonakalayo ekucothiseni nasekubambeni ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane ikhorona kwaye uMzantsi Afrika uvele njengenkokheli yehlabathi ekubambeni esi sifo. [x] UMzantsi Afrika, awukhange ulandele indlela elindelekileyo yokubamba lo bhubhane wosulelayo. " Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, itsibe isigaba sesibini sobhubhane owosulelayo kuba akukabikho kunyuka lukhulu kumanani okanye kwisigaba sosulelo loluntu. Endaweni yoko iqondo lokuchongwa losulelo lwabantu abatsha luye lwehla lisuka kuma-42% laya kwi-4% emva kokuba kwaziswe ukumiswa kwelizwe. Oku kubonisa ukuba usulelo loluntu lwalusezantsi kwaye ngenxa yoko bekukho ukwehla kwenani losulelo olutsha.
Ilizwe lithumele iqela labasebenzi bezeMpilo yoLuntu ukuba bajonge esi sifo eluntwini kwindlu nendlu.
Ukuthetha nesizwe kumabonakude ngomhla we-9 ka-Epreli ngonyaka ka-2020 uMongameli u-Cyril Ramaphosa wakuchaza oku kumanqanaba aphezulu okuhambisana nemithetho yokumiswa kwelizwe:
Nithe nakuhlonipha ukumiswa kwelizwe kwaye ikakhulu nagcina imigaqo. Nithe nayamkela imiqobo eqatha ekuzuleni kwenu kunye nenkululeko yemihla ngemihla esingayithatheli ngqalelo. ”
Iingcali zesifo esosulelayo ziye zalumkisa ukuba ukwanda kosulelo olutsha kusenokwenzeka. Ungenelelo lukarhulumente, "lukucothisile ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane, usasazeko libe nefuthe kwaye sifumene ixesha."[xiii] Ngaso esizizathu, ukunyenyiswa kwamanqanaba okumiswa kwelizwe kuzakuqaliswa.
Intsholongwane ye Khovidi sisifo esosulelayo esiye sasasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwihlabathi liphela njengoko ingxelo yokuqala yaxelwa kwisixeko saseWuhan kwiphondo lase-Hubei e-Tshayina ekupheleni konyaka ka-2019. Iingcali zonyango zase-Tshayina zichonge "imigca emibini ephambili yokulwa nesi soyikiso sempilo yoluntu: ( 1) ukulawula kunye nokuthintela lo bhubhane (2) nophando lwezenzululwazi. " Abezenzululwazi baseTshayina kunye noochwephesha bezonyango banegalelo elikhulu ekuchongeni kwangoko le ntsholongwane ye Khorona kwaye ubunkokheli boMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (WHO) babubalulekile ekuthini baphendule kwihlabathi lonke ngobhubhane owosulelayo oye wanwenwa ngo-2020.
Ukuqelelana kwabantu ngokomzimba nasekuhlaleni kungqineke kubalulekile kakhulu ekunqandeni nasekulawuleni kokusasazeka kwesi sifo njengoko ubungqina obuvela eMzantsi Afrika bubonisa ngokucacileyo. Amaziko Olawulo Lwezifo kunye noThintelo (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) acebise ukuba, “Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unxibelelana nabahlobo kunye nosapho abangahlaliyo ekhayeni lakho. Ukufowuna, ukuncokola ngevidiyo okanye ukuhlala unxibelelana usebenzisa amakhasi onxibelelwano. Wonke umntu uphendula ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwiimeko zoxinzelelo kwaye ukumela bucala kumntu omthandayo kunokubanzima kakhulu." Olu xinzelelo lwenziwa ngokucacileyo luloyiko, ixhala kunye nokungaqiniseki okuhambelana nobhubhane wehlabathi. Iingcali zonyango zicebisa ukuba kunikwe ingqalelo ethile ekunciphiseni iziphumo zengqondo zokumela qelele eluntwini.
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