Izifo ezi loluhlobo uyakufumanisa ukuba zifumaneka kwizilwanyana kunye nasebantwini. Ezintsholongwane zizifo ngezifo ezosulela ngokuphefumla, ukuthetha, ukukhohlela, ukuthimla, ukufafazwa kwezinto ezingamanzi, kunye nayiphi na into ebangela kushiyeke izinto ezibhabhayo emoyeni.

Amaxesha amaninzi izifo ezifumaneka emoyeni zibangela ukurhawuzelela okanye izilonda kwiimpumlo, umqala kunye nemiphunga, kubange ukukhohlela oko, umqala obuhlungu, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezibonakala kumzimba wonke.

Izifo ezininzi ezixhaphakileyo ekuqwalaseleka ukuba zosuleleka ngokuhlala emoyeni ziquka ezi zilandelayo, kodwa zibe zingaphelelanga apha: coronavirus, measles morbillivirus, chickenpox virus; Mycobacterium tuberculosis, influenza virus, enterovirus, kunye ne-norovirus. Ezi zifo ziye zifune ukuba umntu ahlale eyedwa angadibani nabanye ngexesha lokunyangwa.

Amagqabantshintshi

Izifo ezidaleka emoyeni zibangelwa kukuhamba-hamba nokubhabha kweentsholongwane emoyeni. Unobangela wazo ke kukosuleleka kwezinto ngezinto, ukususela kwiincindi zomzimba zabantu nezilwanyana, okanye kwinkunkuma. Ezintsholongwane ziye zande ngokuba zihlale kuthuli okanye emoyeni othi abhabhe lee na lee ixesha elide. Umzekelo, ukuthimla kuhamba umgama omde, omlinganiso ubukhulu ngange bhasi, onothi ubangele kusuleleke isininzi sabantu.

Ukuphefumla umoya oneentsholongwane kungabangela izilonda okanye ukurhawuzelela, kwaye kuchaphazele nendlela yokuphefumla komntu. Izifo ezidaleka emoyeni aziquki iimeko ezibangelwa lungcoliseko komhlaba, kodwa ungcoliseko komhlaba kunayo indima enkulu okuyidlalayo ukwandisa izifo ezifana nesi sesifuba. Ungcoliseko komhlaba kunefuthe kwindlela ethi imiphunga isebenze ngayo.

Izifo ezidaleka emoyeni zinako ukosulela nezilwanyana. Umzekelo, intsholongwane ekuthiwa yiNewcastle ukubizwa, sisifo esichaphazela iintlobo ezohlukileyo zeenkukhu zasemakhaya ilizwe jikelele, esosuleleka ngokungcoliseka komoya.

Ukosuleleka

Usulelo lwezi zifo kwenzeka xa athe umntu ophilileyo waphefumla umoya ekufumaniseka ugcwele ziintsholongwane, okanye xa umoya omdaka uthe wangena emehlweni, empumlweni, okanye emlonyeni. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ude udibane buso ngobuso nomntu onaso esi sifo ukuze wosuleleke kuba sihlala kwaye sibhabha emoyeni. Ubushushu nokufudumala kwangaphakathi endlini kunye nangaphandle bunendima obuyidlalayo ekuhambiseni izifo ezidaleka emoyeni. Eminye imiba ebangela ukwanda nokuhamba-hamba kwezi zifo ezidaleka emoyeni yimvula, umoya, ubumdaka bendawo kunye nokuziphatha kakubi kwabantu.

Ukuthintela

Ezinye iindlela zokuzithintela kwezi zifo zidaleka emoyeni kuquka amayeza afana nezitofo, ukunxiba isifonyo esogquma umlomo ne nempumlo, kunye nokuphepha wonke ubani ekufumaniseka ukuba unaso esi sifo. Xa uthe wadibana kunye nomntu onaso esinye sezi zifo zidaleka emoyeni akuthethi ukuba sele wasulelekile waze wanaso nawe, kuba ukusuleleka kwezifo eziloluhlobo kuxhomekeke empilweni nasemandleni omntu ngamnye, kunye nokuba loondawo athe wakuyo umntu ichaphazeleke kangakanani na. Izibulala-ntsholongwane zingasetyenziswa ukuzikhusela kwizifo ezifumaneka emoyeni ezifana nePneumonic plague. Lingcali zonyango zicebisa ucoceko kunye nokuhlala nganye-nganye ekunciphiseni izinga lokosuleleka ngezi zifo. Ukuncedisa ukwehlisa amathuba okusuleleka kucetyiswa ukuba wonke ubani enze oku kulandelayo:

• Hlalela kude kunabantu abanazo ezi zifo.
• Nxiba isifonyo xa usendaweni kawonke-wonke.
• Gquma umlomo wakho xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla.
• Hlamba izandla zakho ngocoselelo ngawo onke amaxesha.

Sukubamba ubuso bakho okanye abanye abantu ngezandla ezimdaka.