Ijografi

Igama elithi jografi livela kumagama esiGrike athi gê ("Umhlaba") kunye nelithigraphein ("ukubhala, ukuzoba"). Lithetha "ukubhala kunye nokuzoba umhlaba". eli gama laqala ukusetyenziswa ngumphandi obizwa ngokuba nguEratosthenes (276-194 B.C.).

Iimpawu zalo zizinto ezifana namazwekazi, iilwandle, imilambo kunye neentaba. Abahlali balo ngabo bonke bantu kunye nezilwanyana ezihlala kulo. Izinto ezenzeka kulo zizinto ezifana namaza omoya, umoya, kunye nenyikima.

Umntu oyingcaphephe kwijografi kuthiwa yijografa. Ijografa izama ukuqonda ngeHlabathi nangezinto ezikulo, zaaqala kanjani zaza zatshintsha njani.

IJografi yahlulwe yangamacandela amabini elephysical geography nele human geography. KwiPhysical geography kufundwa ngobume bendalo yehlabathi ukanti kwihuman geography kufundwa ngobume boluntu kwihlabathi. Kwizifundo zoluntu lwasemhlabeni kungabandakanywa izinto ezifana noluntuolukwisizwe, Lumi njani uqoqosho lwesizwe, nezinye izinto.

iijografa kufuneka zibenolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngeemephu kuba kaloku iimephu zibaluleke kakhulu kumntu ofuna ukwazi ngejografi. Iijografi zizisebenzisa kakhulu iimephu, zide zizenze nokuzenza ngamaxesha amaninzi. ukwenziwa kwememphu kuthiwa yi''cartografi'', Ngokufanayo, abantu abenza iimephu kuthiwa ziicartografa.

Emhlabeni

Iijografa ezifunda ziphicothe le planethi yasemhlabeni zingaqwalasela oku kulandelayo:

Imozulu
Ubume bomhlaba
amazwekazi
Iilwandle
umhlaba
amatye
imilambo
iintaba
iintshukumo zobushushu ezenzeka kwinzulu yomhlaba
iintshukumo ezenzeka kufutshane nomphezulu womhlaba

Uluntu lwasemhlabeni

Iijografa ezifunda ngoluntu lwasemhlabeni lungaqwalasela oku kulandelayo:

Uluntu
amazwe omhlaba
ukusetyenziswa komhlaba
ezolimo
Isixeko
Ushishino
Amandla elanga
Ungcoliseko/udungeko
ungcoliseko lomoya

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igalelo lejografi kupolitiko lwehlabathi

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