circa

Alternative forms edit

• ca., ca, or c.; rarely cca., cir. or circ. (abbreviations)

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Latin circa.

Pronunciation edit

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈsɜːkə/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈsɝkə/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)kə
• Hyphenation: cir‧ca

Preposition edit

circa

1. Approximately, about, around (typically in relation to time)

   Julius Caesar visited this area circa 50 BC.

Translations edit

See also edit

• circum-

Anagrams edit

• ARCIC, Ricca, craic

Alternative forms edit

• cirka

Pronunciation edit

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sɪrka]

Adverb edit

circa

1. circa, approximately

   Synonym: cca

Further reading edit

• circa in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• circa in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Alternative forms edit

• ca.
• c.

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Latin circa.

Pronunciation edit

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɪr.kaː/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: cir‧ca

Preposition edit

circa

1. circa: about, approximately

Adverb edit

circa

1. circa: about, approximately

   Synonyms: grofweg, pakweg, omstreeks, ongeveer, plusminus, ruwweg, zo'n, pak hem beet

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Latin circa.

Pronunciation edit

• IPA^(key): /siʁ.ka/

Preposition edit

circa

1. approximately, about

Alternative forms edit

• zirka

Pronunciation edit

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sɪʁka]

• Audio

  (file)

Adverb edit

circa

1. circa

   Synonyms: etwa, ungefähr

Further reading edit

• “circa” in Duden online
• “circa” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “circa” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Latin circā.

Pronunciation edit

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃir.ka/
• Rhymes: -irka
• Hyphenation: cìr‧ca

Preposition edit

circa

1. regarding, concerning

Adverb edit

circa

1. about, approximately

Anagrams edit

• craci, ricca

Pronunciation edit

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkir.kaː/, [ˈkɪrkäː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃir.ka/, [ˈt͡ʃirkä]

Etymology 1 edit

A later form for circum, or from circum + eā.

The accusative is from the adverbial derivation.

Adverb edit

circā (not comparable)

1. around; about
2. on both sides

Preposition edit

circā (+ accusative)

1. around; near; about
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.7:

     Circa advenam manifestae reum caedis

     around the stranger accused of open murder

2. regarding, concerning
   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Ephesii.6.22:

     quem misi ad vos in hoc ipsum ut cognoscatis quae circa nos sunt et consoletur corda vestra

     Whom I have sent to you for this very thing, so that you can know things that are about us, and so that he can comfort your hearts.

Related terms edit

• circātor
• circus

Descendants edit

References edit

• “circa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “circa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• circa in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• circa in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• circa in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• Online Latin dictionary, Olivetti

Etymology 2 edit

Ultimately related to etymology 1. Sense 4 is only attested in the form cerca(s); see there for more.

Noun edit

circa f (genitive circae); first declension (Medieval Latin)^[1][2]

1. patrol, watch
2. episcopal visit
3. inquiry, inquest
4. defensive enclosure, moat

References edit

Etymology edit

Unadapted borrowing from Latin circā.

Pronunciation edit

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sir.ka/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -irka
• Syllabification: cir‧ca

Particle edit

circa

1. (literary) circa, nearly, almost (in close approximation)

   Synonyms: blisko, koło, mniej więcej, niespełna, niemal, około, prawie, w przybliżeniu

   Na świecie żyje circa 9 mld ludzi. ― There are circa 9 billion people in the world.

Further reading edit

• circa in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• circa in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Latin circa.

Adverb edit

circa

1. approximately, about, or so

   Synonym: cam

Etymology edit

From Latin circā.

Pronunciation edit

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /ˈθiɾka/ [ˈθiɾ.ka]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America) /ˈsiɾka/ [ˈsiɾ.ka]
• Rhymes: -iɾka
• Syllabification: cir‧ca

Preposition edit

circa

1. circa

Further reading edit

• “circa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014