Sosholojia

Kwa maneno mengine, sosholojia inamsoma mtu katika mahusiano yake: mtu na mtu, mtu na watu (kundi) na hivyo huweza kugundua tabia zake mbalimbali.

Somo hilo linahusiana na masomo mengine, kama vile anthropolojia, historia, saikolojia na uchumi.

Ni mojawapo kati ya sayansi za jamii nayo inatumia mbinu tofauti za kutambua hali halisi, halafu inazichunguza kimpango.

Jina la fani hii linatokana na Kilatini ("socius" yaani "mwenzi") na Kigiriki ("λογία, logia" yaani "elimu") pamoja.

Aliyeunganisha kwa mara ya kwanza maneno hayo (mwaka 1780) ni mwandishi Mfaransa Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès (1748–1836), lakini alichoandika kilichelewa kuchapwa. Mwaka 1838 alifanya vilevile Mfaransa mwingine, mwanafalsafa wa sayansi Auguste Comte (1798–1857). Comte used this term to describe a new way of looking at society.

Kujifunza sosholojia ni kujifunza kuangalia dunia kwa mapana zaidi, yaani kutoka nje ya mipaka ya tafsiri zetu tulizojiwekea kijuujuu. Ni kukubali changamoto ya kuchunguza upya yale yote tunayoyajua kwa maana za kawaida: matokeo ya uchunguzi huo pengine hupingana na kile tulichokidhani mwanzoni na hivyo kutuwezesha kuuona ukweli katika hali mpya.

Sosholojia hutusaidia kuelewa hali halisi ya jamii ili kuchangia urekebishaji au utengenezaji wa sera mpya. Hutusaidia pia kukuza ujuzi wetu wa jamii mbalimbali na wa mahusiano yetu kijamii, yakiwa mazuri au mabaya vilevile. Hutusaidia tena kuelewa jumuia zetu kubwa au ndogo kama watu wanaoishi pamoja wakifuata mila na desturi za aina moja na kuwa na lengo moja. Hutusaidia kuelewa aina mbalimbali za utamaduni ili kurahisisha ushirikiano.

Pamoja na kwamba mizizi ya sosholojia inapatikana katika maandishi ya wanafalsafa wa Ugiriki Plato na Aristotle, somo hilo lilipata kujitegemea katika karne ya 19 likakua haraka katika karne ya 20.

Mababa wake ni hasa Auguste Comte (1798-1857) na Herbert Spencer (1820-1903).

Wengineo ni Karl Marx (1818-1883), Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) na Max Weber (1864-1920).

Vyama vya taaluma hii

• African Sociological Association (AfSA) Archived 5 Julai 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
• Association of Applied and Clinical Sociology (AACS)
• American Sociological Association (ASA)
• Association for Humanist Sociology (AHS) Archived 11 Novemba 2014 at the Wayback Machine.
• Australian Sociological Association (TASA)
• Bangladesh Sociological Society (BSS)
• British Sociological Association (BSA) Archived 23 Oktoba 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
• Canadian Sociological Association (CSA)
• Canadian Association of French-speaking Sociologists and Anthropologists
• European Sociological Association (ESA)
• French Sociological Association
• German Sociological Association (DGS)
• Indian Sociological Society (ISS)
• International Institute of Sociology (IIS)
• International Sociological Association (ISA)
• Latin American Sociological Association (ALAS) Archived 7 Januari 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
• Portuguese Sociological Association (APS)
• Sociological Association of Ireland (SAI)
• South African Sociological Association (SASA)

Vyanzo vingine

• SocioSite: Famous Sociologists Archived 4 Septemba 2013 at the Wayback Machine. - Strong shoulders to stand on
• Sociology Today e-forum Archived 16 Oktoba 2010 at the Wayback Machine.

Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya sayansi bado ni mbegu. Je, unajua kitu kuhusu Sosholojia kama historia yake au mahusiano yake na mada nyingine? Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari.