jopparn/Lista Över Historiska Platser Och Kulturminnen I Antarktis
Historiska platser eller kulturminnen på Antarktis, eller näraliggande öar, är år 2013 totalt 81 stycken.
Listan över historiska platser påbörjades för första gången år 1972, och har sedan dess utökats, med den senaste platsen tillagd år 2012. Fem platser har av olika orsaker tagits bort från listan.
De historiska platserna och kulturminnena skyddas genom Antarktisfördraget som en av de tre typr av skyddade områden i Antarktis.
Kriterierna för att lista en plats är att den ska uppfylla en eller flera av följande kriterier:
- a) en viss historisk händelse inträffade på den platsen;
- b) platsen har en koppling till en betydande person i Antarktis historia;
- c) platsen har en koppling till en betydande bedrift av "uthållighet eller prestation";
- d) platsen är representativt för en bredare verksamhet som är "viktigt i utvecklingen och kunskapen om Antarktis";
- e) själva byggnaden har en inneboende teknisk, historisk, kulturell eller arkitektonisk betydelse;
- f) platsen har pedagogisk potential om "viktig mänsklig verksamhet" i Antarktis; eller att
- g) platsen har ett symboliskt värde eller ett minnesvärde för människor från många nationer.
Lista över historiska platser eller kulturminnen
| Namn | Beskrivning | Antagen | Koordinater | Uppskattad area | Bild
| |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HSM-1 | South Pole Flag Mast | Flag mast erected in December 1965 at the South Geographical Pole by the First Argentine Overland Polar Expedition. | Rec VII-9 | 90°00′S 0°00′Ö / 90.0°S 0.0°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-2 | Fukushima's Rock Cairn | Rock cairn and plaques at Syowa Station in memory of Shin Fukushima, a member of the 4th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, who died in October 1960 while performing official duties. The cairn was erected on 11 January 1961, by his colleagues. Some of his ashes repose in the cairn. | Rec VII-9 | 69°00′00″S 39°35′00″Ö / 69.0°S 39.5833°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-3 | Mawson's Rock Cairn, Proclamation Island | Rock cairn and plaque on Proclamation Island, Enderby Land, erected in January 1930 by Sir Douglas Mawson. The cairn and plaque commemorate the landing on Proclamation Island of Sir Douglas Mawson with a party from the British, Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition of 1929-31. | Rec VII-9 | 65°51′00″S 53°41′00″Ö / 65.85°S 53.6833°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-4 | Lenin's Bust | Station building to which a bust of V.I. Lenin is fixed, together with a plaque in memory of the conquest of the Pole of Inaccessibility by Soviet Antarctic explorers in 1958. | Rec VII-9 | 83°06′00″S 54°58′00″Ö / 83.1°S 54.9667°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-5 | Mawson's Rock Cairn, Cape Bruce | Rock cairn and plaque at Cape Bruce, Mac. Robertson Land, erected in February 1931 by Sir Douglas Mawson. The cairn and plaque commemorate the landing on Cape Bruce of Sir Douglas Mawson with a party from the British, Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition of 1929-31. | Rec VII-9 | 67°25′00″S 60°47′00″Ö / 67.4167°S 60.7833°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-6 | Wilkins's Rock Cairn | Rock cairn at Walkabout Rocks, Vestfold Hills, Princess Elizabeth Land, erected in 1939 by Sir Hubert Wilkins. The cairn houses a canister containing a record of his visit. | Rec VII-9 | 68°22′00″S 78°33′00″Ö / 68.3667°S 78.55°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-7 | Kharma's Stone | Stone with inscribed plaque, erected at Mirny Observatory, Mabus Point, in memory of driver-mechanic Ivan Kharma who perished on fast ice in the performance of official duties in 1956. | Rec VII-9 | 66°33′00″S 93°01′00″Ö / 66.55°S 93.0167°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-8 | Shcheglov's Monument | Metal monument-sledge at Mirny Observatory, Mabus Point, with plaque in memory of driver-mechanic Anatoly Shcheglov who perished in the performance of official duties. | Rec VII-9 | 66°33′00″S 93°01′00″Ö / 66.55°S 93.0167°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-9 | Soviet Expedition Cemetery | Cemetery on Buromskiy Island, near Mirny Observatory, in which are buried Soviet, Czechoslovakian and GDR citizens, members of Soviet Antarctic Expeditions, who perished in the performance of official duties on 3 August 1960. | Rec VII-9 | 66°32′00″S 93°01′00″Ö / 66.5333°S 93.0167°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-10 | Oasis Station Observatory | Building (magnetic observatory) at Dobrowolsky Station, Bunger Hills, with plaque in memory of the opening of Oasis Station in 1956. | Rec VII-9 | 66°16′00″S 100°45′00″Ö / 66.2667°S 100.75°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-11 | Vostok Station Tractor | Heavy tractor at Vostok Station with plaque in memory of the opening of the station in 1957. | Rec VII-9 | 78°28′00″S 106°48′00″Ö / 78.4667°S 106.8°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-14 | Inexpressible Island Ice Cave | Site of ice cave at Inexpressible Island, Terra Nova Bay, constructed in March 1912 by Victor Campbell's Northern Party, British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13. The party spent the winter of 1912 in this ice cave. A wooden sign, plaque and seal bones remain at the site. | Rec VII-9 | 74°54′00″S 163°43′00″Ö / 74.9°S 163.7167°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-15 | Shackleton's Hut | Hut at Cape Royds, Ross Island, built in February 1908 by the British Antarctic Expedition of 1907-09, led by Sir Ernest Shackleton. Restored in January 1961 by the Antarctic Division of New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. Site incorporated within ASPA 157 | Rec VII-9 | 77°33′00″S 166°10′00″Ö / 77.55°S 166.1667°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-16 | Terra Nova Hut | Hut at Cape Evans, Ross Island, built in January 1911 by the British Antarctic Expedition of 1910-1913, led by Captain Robert F. Scott. Restored in January 1961 by the Antarctic Division of New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. Site incorporated within ASPA 155 | Rec VII-9 | 77°38′00″S 166°24′00″Ö / 77.6333°S 166.4°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-17 | Cross on Wind Vane Hill | Cross on Wind Vane Hill, Cape Evans, Ross Island, erected by the Ross Sea Party, led by Captain Aeneas Mackintosh, of Sir Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914-1916, in memory of three members of the party who died in the vicinity in 1916. Site incorporated within ASPA 155 | Rec VII-9 | 77°38′00″S 166°24′00″Ö / 77.6333°S 166.4°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-18 | Scott's Discovery Hut | Hut at Hut Point, Ross Island, built in February 1902 by the British Antarctic Expedition of 1901-04, led by Captain Robert F. Scott. Partially restored in January 1964 by the New Zealand Antarctic Society, with assistance from the United States Government. Site incorporated within ASPA 158 | Rec VII-9 | 77°50′00″S 166°37′00″Ö / 77.8333°S 166.6167°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-19 | George Vince's Cross | Cross at Hut Point, Ross Island, erected in February 1904 by the British Antarctic Expedition of 1901-04, in memory of George Vince, a member of the expedition, who died in the vicinity. | Rec VII-9 | 77°50′00″S 166°37′00″Ö / 77.8333°S 166.6167°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-20 | Observation Hill Cross | Cross on Observation Hill, Ross Island, erected in January 1913 by the British Antarctic Expedition of 1910-13, in memory of Captain Robert F. Scott's party which perished on the return journey from the South Pole in March 1912. | Rec VII-9 | 77°51′00″S 166°41′00″Ö / 77.85°S 166.6833°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-21 | Wilson's Stone Igloo | Remains of stone hut at Cape Crozier, Ross Island, constructed in July 1911 by Edward Wilson's party of the British Antarctic Expedition (1910-13) during the winter journey to collect Emperor penguin eggs. | Rec VII-9 | 77°31′00″S 169°22′00″Ö / 77.5167°S 169.3667°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-22 | Borchgrevink's huts | Three huts and associated historic relics at Cape Adare. Two were built in February 1899 during the British Antarctic (Southern Cross) Expedition, 1898-1900, led by Carsten E. Borchgrevink. The third was built in February 1911 by Robert F. Scott's Northern Party, led by Victor L.A.Campbell. Scott's Northern Party hut has largely collapsed with only the porch standing in 2002. Site incorporated within ASPA 159. | Rec VII-9 | 71°18′S 170°12′Ö / 71.3°S 170.2°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-23 | Hanson's Grave | Grave at Cape Adare of Norwegian biologist Nicolai Hanson, a member of the British Antarctic (Southern Cross) Expedition, 1898-1900, led by Carsten E. Borchgrevink. A large boulder marks the head of the grave with the grave itself outlined in white quartz stones. A cross and plaque are attached to the boulder. | Rec VII-9 | 71°17′00″S 170°13′00″Ö / 71.2833°S 170.2167°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-24 | Amundsen's cairn | Rock cairn, known as ‘Amundsen's cairn', on Mount Betty, Queen Maud Range erected by Roald Amundsen on 6 January 1912, on his way back to Framheim from the South Pole. | Rec VII-9 | 85°11′00″S 163°45′00″V / 85.1833°S 163.75°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-26 | San Martin abandoned Station | Abandoned installations of Argentine Station ‘General San Martín' on Barry Island, Debenham Islands, Marguerite Bay, with cross, flag mast, and monolith built in 1951. | Rec VII-9 | 68°08′00″S 67°08′00″V / 68.1333°S 67.1333°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-27 | Charcot's cairn 1909 | Cairn with a replica of a lead plaque erected on Megalestris Hill, Petermann Island, in 1909 by the second French expedition led by Jean-Baptiste E. A. Charcot. The original plaque is in the reserves of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris). | Rec VII-9 | 65°10′00″S 64°09′00″V / 65.1667°S 64.15°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-28 | Charcot's cairn 1904 | Rock cairn at Port Charcot, Booth Island, with wooden pillar and plaque inscribed with the namns of the first French expedition led by Jean-Baptiste E. A. Charcot which wintered here in 1904 aboard Le Français. | Rec VII-9 | 65°03′00″S 64°01′00″V / 65.05°S 64.0167°V Monument on map | .jpg) | |
| HSM-29 | Lighthouse ‘Primero de Mayo' | Lighthouse namnd ‘Primero de Mayo' erected on Lambda Island, Melchior Islands, by Argentina in 1942. This was the first Argentine lighthouse in the Antarctic. | Rec VII-9 | 64°18′00″S 62°59′00″V / 64.3°S 62.9833°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-30 | Shelter ‘Gabriel Gonzalez Videla' | Shelter at Paradise Harbour erected in 1950 near the Chilean Base ‘Gabriel Gonzalez Videla' to honour Gabriel Gonzalez Videla, the first Head of State to visit the Antarctic. The shelter is a representative example of pre-IGY activity and constitutes an important national commemoration. | Rec VII-9 | 64°49′00″S 62°51′00″V / 64.8167°S 62.85°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-32 | Prat Base Monolith | Concrete monolith erected in 1947, near Capitán Arturo Prat Base on Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Point of reference for Chilean Antarctic hydrographic surveys. The monolith is representative of an important pre-IGY activity and is currently preserved and maintained by personnel from Prat Base. | Rec VII-9 | 62°28′00″S 59°40′00″V / 62.4667°S 59.6667°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-33 | González Pacheco Shelter | Shelter and cross with plaque near Capitán Arturo Prat Base (Chile), Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. namnd in memory of Lieutenant-Commander González Pacheco, who died in 1960 while in charge of the station. The monument commemorates events related to a person whose role and the circumstances of his death have a symbolic value and the potential to educate people about significant human activities in Antarctica. | Rec VII-9 | 62°29′00″S 59°40′00″V / 62.4833°S 59.6667°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-34 | Arturo Prat's Bust, Antarctica | Bust at Capitán Arturo Prat Base (Chile), Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands, of the Chilean naval hero Arturo Prat, erected in 1947. The monument is representative of pre-IGY activities and has symbolic value in the context of Chilean presence in Antarctica. | Rec VII-9 | 62°50′00″S 59°41′00″V / 62.8333°S 59.6833°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-35 | Virgin of Carmen Statue, Antarctica | Wooden cross and statue of the Virgin of Carmen erected in 1947 near Capitán Arturo Prat Base (Chile), Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. The monument is representative of pre-IGY activities and has a particularly symbolic and architectural value. | Rec VII-9 | 62°29′00″S 59°40′00″V / 62.4833°S 59.6667°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-36 | Dallman Expedition Plaque | Replica of a metal plaque erected by Eduard Dallmann at Potter Cove, King George Island, to commemorate the visit of his German expedition on 1 March 1874 on board Grönland. | Rec VII-9 | 62°14′00″S 58°39′00″V / 62.2333°S 58.65°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-37 | Bernardo O'Higgins Statue, Antarctica | Statue erected in 1948 at General Bernardo O'Higgins Base (Chile), Trinity Peninsula, of Bernardo O'Higgins, the first ruler of Chile to envisage the importance of Antarctica. This monument is representative of pre-IGY activities in Antarctica and has a symbolic meaning in the history of Antarctic exploration since it was during O'Higgins' government that the vessel Dragon landed on the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula in 1820. | Rec VII-9 | 63°19′00″S 57°54′00″V / 63.3167°S 57.9°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-38 | Nordenskjöld's Hut | Wooden hut on Snow Hill Island built in February 1902 by the main party of the Swedish South Polar Expedition led by Otto Nordenskjöld. | Rec VII-9 | 64°22′00″S 56°59′00″V / 64.3667°S 56.9833°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-39 | Hope Bay Hut | Stone hut at Hope Bay, Trinity Peninsula, built in January 1903 by a party of the Swedish South Polar Expedition. | Rec VII-9 | 63°24′00″S 56°59′00″V / 63.4°S 56.9833°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-40 | General San Martin's Bust, Antarctica | Bust of General San Martin, grotto with a statue of the Virgin of Lujan, and a flag mast at Base ‘Esperanza', Hope Bay, erected by Argentina in 1955; together with a graveyard with stele in memory of members of Argentine expeditions who died in the area. | Rec VII-9 | 63°24′00″S 56°59′00″V / 63.4°S 56.9833°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-41 | Paulet Island Hut | Stone hut on Paulet Island built in February 1903 by survivors of the wrecked vessel Antarctic under Captain Carl A. Larsen, members of the Swedish South Polar Expedition led by Otto Nordenskjöld, together with a grave of a member of the expedition and the rock cairn built by the survivors of the wreck at the highest point of the island to draw the attention of rescue expeditions. | Rec VII-9 | 63°34′00″S 55°45′00″V / 63.5667°S 55.75°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-42 | Scotia Bay huts | Area of Scotia Bay, Laurie Island, South Orkney Island, in which are found: stone hut built in 1903 by the Scottish Antarctic Expedition led by William S. Bruce; the Argentine meteorological hut and magnetic observatory, built in 1905 and known as Moneta House; and a graveyard with twelve graves, the earliest of which dates from 1903. | Rec VII-9 | 60°46′00″S 44°40′00″V / 60.7667°S 44.6667°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-43 | General Belgrano Cross | Cross erected in 1955, at a distance of 1,300 metres north-east of the Argentine General Belgrano I Station (Argentina) and subsequently moved to Belgrano II Station (Argentina), Nunatak Bertrab, Confin Coast, Coats Land in 1979. | Rec VII-9 | 77°52′00″S 34°37′00″V / 77.8667°S 34.6167°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-44 | Dakshin Gangotri Plaque | Plaque erected at the temporary Indian station ‘Dakshin Gangotri', Princess Astrid Kyst, Dronning Maud Land, listing the namns of the First Indian Antarctic Expedition which landed nearby on 9 January 1982. | Rec XII-7 | 70°45′00″S 11°38′00″Ö / 70.75°S 11.6333°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-45 | Gerlache Expedition Plaque | Plaque on Brabant Island, on Metchnikoff Point, mounted at a height of 70 m on the crest of the moraine separating this point from the glacier and bearing the following inscription: | Rec XIII-16 | 64°02′00″S 62°34′00″V / 64.0333°S 62.5667°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-46 | Remains of Port-Martin base | All the buildings and installations of Port-Martin base, Terre Adélie constructed in 1950 by the 3rd French expedition in Terre Adélie and partly destroyed by fire during the night of 23 to 24 January 1952. | Rec XIII-16 | 66°49′00″S 141°24′00″Ö / 66.8167°S 141.4°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-47 | Base Marret | Wooden building called ‘Base Marret' on the Ile des Pétrels, Terre Adélie, where seven men under the command of Mario Marret overwintered in 1952 following the fire at Port Martin Base. | Rec XIII-16 | 66°40′00″S 140°01′00″Ö / 66.6667°S 140.0167°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-48 | Prudhomme's Cross | Iron cross on the North-East headland of the Ile des Pétrels, Terre Adélie, dedicated as a memorial to André Prudhomme, head meteorologist in the 3rd International Geophysical Year expedition who disappeared during a blizzard on 7 January 1959. | Rec XIII-16 | 66°40′00″S 140°01′00″Ö / 66.6667°S 140.0167°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-49 | Bunger Hill Pillar | The concrete pillar erected by the First Polish Antarctic Expedition at Dobrolowski Station on the Bunger Hill to measure acceleration due to gravity g = 982,439.4 mgal ±0.4 mgal in relation to Warsaw, according to the Potsdam system, in January 1959. | Rec XIII-16 | 66°16′00″S 100°45′00″Ö / 66.2667°S 100.75°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-50 | Polish Eagle Plaque | A brass plaque bearing the Polish Eagle, the national emblem of Poland, the dates 1975 and 1976, and the following text in Polish, English and Russian: | Rec XIII-16 | 62°12′00″S 59°01′00″V / 62.2°S 59.0167°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-51 | Puchaslki Grave | The grave of Wlodzimierz Puchalski, surmounted by an iron cross, on a hill to the south of Arctowski station on King George Island. W. Puchalski was an artist and a producer of documentary nature films, who died on 19 January 1979 whilst working at the station. | Rec XIII-16 | 62°13′00″S 58°28′00″V / 62.2167°S 58.4667°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-52 | Great Wall Station Monolith | Monolith erected to commemorate the establishment on 20 February 1985 by the Peoples Republic of China of the ‘Great Wall Station' on Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, in the South Shetland Islands. Engraved on the monolith is the following inscription in Chinese: ‘Great Wall Station, First Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition, 20 February 1985'. | Rec XIII-16 | 62°13′00″S 58°58′00″V / 62.2167°S 58.9667°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-53 | Endurance Memorial Site | Bust of Captain Luis Alberto Pardo, monolith and plaques on Point Wild, Elephant Island, south Shetland Islands, celebrating the rescue of the survivors of the British ship Endurance by the Chilean Navy cutter Yelcho displaying the following words: | Rec XIV-8 | 61°03′00″S 54°50′00″V / 61.05°S 54.8333°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-54 | Richard Byrd's Bust, Antarctica | Richard E. Byrd Historic Monument, McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Bronze bust on black marble, 5ft high x 2ft square, on wood platform, bearing inscriptions describing the polar achievements of Richard Evelyn Byrd. Erected at McMurdo Station in 1965. | Rec XV-12 | 77°51′00″S 166°40′00″Ö / 77.85°S 166.6667°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-55 | East Base, Antarctica | East Base, Antarctica, Stonington Island. Buildings and artefacts at East Base, Stonington Island and their immediate environs. These structures were erected and used during two U.S. wintering expeditions: the Antarctic Service Expedition (1939-1941) and the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (1947-1948). The size of the historic area is approximately 1,000 metres in the north-south direction (from the beach to Northeast Glacier adjacent to Back Bay) and approximately 500 metres in the east-west direction. | Rec XV-12 | 68°11′00″S 67°00′00″V / 68.1833°S 67.0°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-56 | Waterboat Point Hut | Waterboat Point, Danco Coast, Antarctic Peninsula. The remains and immediate environs of the Waterboat Point hut. It was occupied by the UK two-man expedition of Thomas W. Bagshawe and Maxime C. Lester in 1921-22. Only the base of the boat, foundations of doorposts and an outline of the hut and extension still exist. It is situated close to the Chilean station ‘President Gabriel Gonzáles Videla'. | Rec XVI-11 | 64°49′00″S 62°51′00″V / 64.8167°S 62.85°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-57 | MacFarlane's Plaque | Commemorative plaque at ‘Yankee Bay' (Yankee Harbour), MacFarlane Strait, Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Near a Chilean refuge. Erected to the memory of Captain Andrew MacFarlane, who in 1820 explored the Antarctic Peninsula area in the brigantine Dragon. | Rec XVI-11 | 62°32′00″S 59°45′00″V / 62.5333°S 59.75°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-59 | San Telmo Cairn | A cairn on Half Moon Beach, Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands and a plaque on ‘Cerro Gaviota' opposite San Telmo Islets commemorating the officers, soldiers and seamen aboard the Spanish vessel San Telmo, which sank in September 1819; possibly the first people to live and die in Antarctica. Site incorporated within ASPA 149. | Rec XVI-11 | 62°28′00″S 60°46′00″V / 62.4667°S 60.7667°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-60 | Corvette Uruguay Cairn | Wooden plaque and cairn located at Penguins Bay, southern coast of Seymour Island (Marambio), James Ross Archipelago. This plaque was placed on 10 November 1903 by the crew of a rescue mission of the Argentinian Corvette Uruguay in the site where they met the members of the Swedish expedition led by Dr Otto Nordenskjöld. The text of the wooden plaque reads as follows: “10.XI.1903 Uruguay (Argentine Navy) in its journey to give assistance to the Swedish Antarctic expedition.” In January 1990, a rock cairn was erected by Argentina in memory of this event in the place where the plaque is located. | Rec XVII-3 | 64°16′00″S 56°39′00″V / 64.2667°S 56.65°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-61 | Port Lockroy | ‘Base A' at Port Lockroy, Goudier Island, off Wiencke Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Of historic importance as an Operation Tabarin base from 1944 and for scientific research, including the first measurements of the ionosphere, and the first recording of an atmospheric whistler, from Antarctica. Port Lockroy was a key monitoring site during the International Geophysical Year of 1957/58. | M 4 (1995) | 64°49′00″S 63°29′00″V / 64.8167°S 63.4833°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-62 | Base F Wordie House | ‘Base F (Wordie House)' on Winter Island, Argentine Islands. Of historic importance as an example of an early British scientific base. | M 4 (1995) | 65°15′00″S 64°16′00″V / 65.25°S 64.2667°V Monument on map | .jpg) | |
| HSM-63 | Base Y | ‘Base Y' on Horseshoe Island, Marguerite Bay, western Graham Land. Noteworthy as a relatively unaltered and completely equipped British scientific base of the late 1950s. ‘Blaiklock', the refuge hut nearby, is considered an integral part of the base. | M 4 (1995) | 67°48′S 67°18′V / 67.8°S 67.3°V Monument on map | .jpg) | |
| HSM-64 | Base E | ‘Base E' on Stonington Island, Marguerite Bay, western Graham Land. Of historical importance in the early period of exploration and later British Antarctic Survey (BAS) history of the 1960s and 1970s. | M 4 (1995) | 68°11′00″S 67°00′00″V / 68.1833°S 67.0°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-65 | Antarctic Message Post | Message post, Svend Foyn Island, Possession Islands. A pole with a box attached was placed on the island on 16 January 1895 during the whaling expedition of Henryk Bull and Captain Leonard Kristensen of the ship Antarctic. It was examined and found intact by the British Antarctic Expedition of 1898-1900 and then sighted from the beach by the USS Edisto in 1956 and USCGS Glacier in 1965. | M 4 (1995) | 71°56′00″S 171°05′00″V / 71.9333°S 171.0833°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-66 | Prestrud's Cairn | Prestrud's Cairn, Scott Nunataks, Alexandra Mountains, Edward VII Peninsula. The small rock cairn was erected at the foot of the main bluff on the north side of the nunataks by Lieutenant K. Prestrud on 3 December 1911 during the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition of 1910-1912. | M 4 (1995) | 77°11′00″S 154°32′00″V / 77.1833°S 154.5333°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-67 | Granite House | Rock shelter, ‘Granite House', Cape Geology, Granite Harbour. This shelter was constructed in 1911 for use as a field kitchen by Griffith Taylor's second geological excursion during the British Antarctic Expedition of 1910-1913. It was enclosed on three sides with granite boulder walls and used a sledge to support a seal-skin roof. The stone walls of the shelter have partially collapsed. The shelter contains corroded remnants of tins, a seal skin and some cord. The sledge is now located 50 m seaward of the shelter and consists of a few scattered pieces of wood, straps and buckles. Site incorporated within ASPA 154. | M 4 (1995) | 77°00′00″S 162°32′00″Ö / 77.0°S 162.5333°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-68 | Hells Gate Moraine depot site | Site of depot at Hells Gate Moraine, Inexpressible Island, Terra Nova Bay.This emergency depot consisted of a sledge loaded with supplies and equipment which was placed on 25 January 1913 by the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-1913. The sledge and supplies were removed in 1994 in order to stabilize their deteriorating condition. | M 4 (1995) | 74°52′00″S 163°50′00″Ö / 74.8667°S 163.8333°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-69 | Discovery's Message Post | Message post at Cape Crozier, Ross Island, erected on 22 January 1902 by Captain Robert F. Scott's Discovery Expedition of 1901-04. It was to provide information for the expedition's relief ships, and held a metal message cylinder, which has since been removed. Site incorporated within ASPA 124 | M 4 (1995) | 77°27′00″S 169°16′00″Ö / 77.45°S 169.2667°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-70 | Scott's Message Post | Message post at Cape Wadworth, Coulman Island. A metal cylinder nailed to a red pole 8 m above sea level placed by Captain Robert F. Scott on 15 January 1902. He painted the rocks behind the post red and white to make it more conspicuous. | M 4 (1995) | 73°19′00″S 169°47′00″Ö / 73.3167°S 169.7833°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-71 | Whalers Bay | Whalers Bay, Deception Island, South Shetland Islands. The site comprises all pre-1970 remains on the shore of Whalers Bay, including those from the early whaling period (1906-12) initiated by Captain Adolfus Andresen of the Sociedad Ballenera de Magallanes, Chile; the remains of the Norwegian Hektor Whaling Station established in 1912 and all artefacts associated with its operation until 1931; the site of a cemetery with 35 burials and a memorial to ten men lost at sea; and the remains from the period of British scientific and mapping activity (1944-1969). The site also acknowledges and commemorates the historic value of other events that occurred there, from which nothing remains. | M 4 (1995) | 62°59′00″S 60°34′00″V / 62.9833°S 60.5667°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-72 | Mikkelsen's Cairn | Mikkelsen Cairn, Tryne Islands, Vestfold Hills. A rock cairn and a wooden mast erected by the landing party led by Captain Klarius Mikkelsen of the Norwegian whaling ship Thorshavn and including Caroline Mikkelsen, Captain Mikkelsen's wife, the first woman to set foot on East Antarctica. The cairn was discovered by Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition field parties in 1957 and again in 1995. | Rec XV-6 | 68°22′00″S 78°24′00″Ö / 68.3667°S 78.4°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-73 | Mount Erebus Cross | Memorial Cross for the 1979 Mount Erebus crash victims, Lewis Bay, Ross Island. A cross of stainless steel which was erected in January 1987 on a rocky promontory three kilometers from the Mount Erebus crash site in memory of the 257 people of different nationalities who lost their lives when the aircraft in which they were travelling crashed into the lower slopes of Mount Erebus, Ross Island. The cross was erected as a mark of respect and in remembrance of those who died in the tragedy. | Rec XI-3 | 77°25′00″S 167°27′00″Ö / 77.4167°S 167.45°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-74 | Un-namnd Cove | The un-namnd cove on the south-west coast of Elephant Island, including the foreshore and the intertidal area, in which the wreckage of a large wooden sailing vessel is located. | M 2 (1998) | 61°14′00″S 55°22′00″V / 61.2333°S 55.3667°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-75 | Hut A, Scott Base | The A Hut of Scott Base, being the only existing Trans Antarctic Expedition 1956/1957 building in Antarctica sited at Pram Point, Ross Island, Ross Sea Region, Antarctica. | M 1 (2001) | 77°51′00″S 166°46′00″Ö / 77.85°S 166.7667°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-76 | Aguirre Cerda Station ruins | The ruins of the Base Pedro Aguirre Cerda Station, being a Chilean meteorological and volcanological center situated at Pendulum Cove, Deception Island, Antarctica, that was destroyed by volcanic eruptions in 1967 and 1969. | M 2 (2001) | 62°59′00″S 60°40′00″V / 62.9833°S 60.6667°V Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-77 | Cape Denison | Cape Denison, Commonwealth Bay, George V Land, including Boat Harbour and the historic artefacts contained within its waters. This Site is contained within ASMA No. 3, designated by Measure 1 (2004). Part of this site is also contained within ASPA No. 162, designated by Measure 2 (2004). | M 3 (2004) | 67°00′30″S 142°39′40″Ö / 67.0083°S 142.6611°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-78 | Ninth Indian Expedition Plaque | Memorial plaque at India Point, Humboldt Mountains, Wohlthat Massif, central Dronning Maud Land erected in memory of three scientists of the Geological Survey of India (GSI) and a communication technician from the Indian Navy - all members of the ninth Indian Expedition to Antarctica, who sacrificed their lives in this mountain camp in an accident on 8th January 1990. | M 3 (2004) | 71°45′08″S 11°12′30″Ö / 71.7522°S 11.2083°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-79 | Lillie Marleen Hut | Lillie Marleen Hut, Mt. Dockery, Everett Range, Northern Victoria Land. The hut was erected to support the work of the German Antarctic Northern Victoria Land Expedition (GANOVEX I) of 1979/1980. The hut, a bivouac container made of prefabricated fiberglass units insulated with polyurethane foam, was namnd after the Lillie Glacier and the song "Lillie Marleen". The hut is closely associated with the dramatic sinking of the expedition ship "Gotland II" during GANOVEX II in December 1981. | M 5 (2005) | 71°12′00″S 164°31′00″Ö / 71.2°S 164.5167°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-80 | Amundsen's Tent. | Amundsen's Tent. The tent was erected at 90° by the Norwegian group of explorers led by Roald Amundsen on their arrival at the South Pole on 14 December 1911. The tent is currently buried underneath the snow and ice in the vicinity of the South Pole. | M 5 (2005) | 90°00′S 0°00′Ö / 90.0°S 0.0°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-81 | Landing Rock | Rocher du Débarquement (Landing Rock), being a small island where Admiral Dumont D'Urville and his crew landed on 21 January 1840 when he discovered Terre Adélie. | M 3 (2006) | 66°36′30″S 140°04′25″Ö / 66.6083°S 140.0736°Ö Monument on map | | |
| HSM-82 | Antarctic Treaty Monument | This Monument is located near the Frei, Bellingshausen and Escudero bases, Fildes Peninsula, King George Island. The plaque at the foot of the monument commemorates the signatories of the Antarctic Treaty. This Monument has 4 plaques in the official languages of the Antarctic Treaty. The plaques were installed in February 2011 and read as follows: “This historic monument, dedicated to the memory of the signatories of the Antarctic Treaty, Washington D.C., 1959, is also a reminder of the legacy of the First and Second International Polar Years (1882-1883 and 1932-1933) and of the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958) that preceded the Antarctic Treaty, and recalls the heritage of International Cooperation that led to the International Polar Year 2007-2008.” This monument was designed and built by the American Joseph W. Pearson, who offered it to Chile. It was unveiled in 1999, on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the signature of the Antarctic Treaty. | M 3 (2007) , | 62°12′01″S 58°57′41″V / 62.2003°S 58.9614°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-83 | Base “W”, Detaille Island, Lallemand Fjord, Loubet Coast | Base “W” is situated on a narrow isthmus at the northern end of Detaille Island, Lallemand Fjord, Loubet Coast. The site consists of a hut and a range of associated structures and outbuildings including a small emergency storage building, bitch and pup pens, anemometer tower and two standard tubular steel radio masts (one to the south west of the main hut and the other to the east). Base “W” was established in 1956 as a British science base primarily for survey, geology and meteorology and to contribute to the IGY in 1957. As a relatively unaltered base from the late 1950s, Base “W” provides an important reminder of the science and living conditions that existed when the Antarctic Treaty was signed 50 years ago. | M 14 (2009) | 66°52′00″S 66°48′00″V / 66.8667°S 66.8°V Monument on map | | |
| HSM-84 | Hut at Damoy Point, Dorian Bay, Wiencke Island, Palmer Archipelago | The site consists of a well-preserved hut and the scientific equipment and other artefacts inside it. It is located at Damoy Point on Dorian Bay, Wiencke Island, Palmer Archipelago. The hut was erected in 1973 and used for a nummer of years as a British summer air facility and transit station for scientific personnel. It was last occupied in 1993. | M 14 (2009) | 64°49′00″S 63°31′00″V / 64.8167°S 63.5167°V Monument on map | _Wiencke_Island.jpg) | |
| HSM-85 | Plaque Commemorating the PM-3A Nuclear Power Plant at McMurdo Station | The plaque is approximately 18 x 24 inches, made of bronze and secured to a large vertical rock at McMurdo Station, the former site of the PM-3A nuclear power reactor. It is approximately half way up the west side of Observation Hill. The plaque text details achievements of PM-3A, Antarctica's first nuclear power plant. | M 15 (2010) | 77°51′00″S 166°41′00″Ö / 77.85°S 166.6833°Ö Monument on map |  | |
| HSM-86 | No.1 Building at Great Wall Station. | The No.1 Building, built in 1985 with a total floor space of 175 square meters, is located at the centre of the Chinese Antarctic Great Wall Station which is situated in Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, South Shetlands, West Antarctica. The Building marked the commencement of China devoting to Antarctic research in the 1980s, and thus it is of great significance in commemorating China's Antarctic expedition. | M 12 (2011) | 63°13′04″S 58°57′44″V / 63.217778°S 58.962222°V Monument on map | |
Externa länkar
Referenser
This article uses material from the Wikipedia Svenska article Lista över historiska platser och kulturminnen i Antarktis, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license ("CC BY-SA 3.0"); additional terms may apply (view authors). Innehållet är tillgängligt under CC BY-SA 4.0 om ingenting annat anges. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
®Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wiki Foundation, Inc. Wiki Svenska (DUHOCTRUNGQUOC.VN) is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wiki Foundation.