Panama
Panama (basa Spanyol: Panamá), resmina Républik Panama (basa Spanyol: República de Panamá ), nyaéta nagara Amérika Tengah nu pangkidulna.
- Pikeun kagunaan séjén, tempo Panama (disambiguasi).
Nagara ieu wawatesan jeung Kosta Rika di kalér-kulon, Kolombia di tenggara, Laut Karibia di kalér, jeung Samudra Pasifik di kidul. Ibu kotana nyaéta Kota Panama. Kalawan dukungan Amérika Sarikat, Panama misah ti Kolombia dina 1903, mungkinkeun Terusan Panama diwangun ku Korps Insinyur Angkatan Darat AS antawis 1904 nepi ka 1914. Dina 1977, hiji pasatujuan ditandatanganan pikeun pamasihan sakabéhna éta terusan ti Amérika Sarikat ka Panama din ahir abad éta.
| República de Panamá Républik Panama | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||
| Motto "Pro Mundi Beneficio" | ||||||
| Lagu Himno Nacional de Panamá | ||||||
.svg) | ||||||
| Ibu kota (jeung kota panggedéna) | Panama | |||||
| Basa resmi | Basa Spanyol | |||||
| Démonim | Panamanian | |||||
| Pamaréntah | Démokrasi konstitusional | |||||
| - | Présidén | Juan Carlos Varela | ||||
| - | Wakil Présidén | Isabel Saint Malo | ||||
| Kamerdikaan | ||||||
| - | ti Spanyol | 28 Nopémber 1821 | ||||
| - | ti Kolombia | 3 Nopémber 1903 | ||||
| Aréa | ||||||
| - | Total | 75.517 km² (ka-118) 29.157 mil² | ||||
| - | Cai (%) | 2,9 | ||||
| Populasi | ||||||
| - | Sénsus Méi 2010 | 3.405.813 | ||||
| - | Kapadetan | 44,5 /km² (ka-156) 115,3 /mil² | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | Perkiraan 2010 | |||||
| - | Total | $44,360 milyar | ||||
| - | Per kapita | $12.577 | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | Perkiraan 2010 | |||||
| - | Total | $26,778 milyar | ||||
| - | Per kapita | $7.592 | ||||
| Gini? (2009) | ▼52 (luhur) | |||||
| HDI (2011) |  0,768 (luhur) (ka-58) | |||||
| Mata uang | Balboa, Dolar AS (PAB, USD) | |||||
| Zona wanci | (UTC-5) | |||||
| TLD Internét | .pa | |||||
| Kode telepon | +507 | |||||
Propinsi jeung région
Panama dibagi kana 9 propinsi. Ogé aya 5 Comarcas (harpiahna: Shires) didumukan ku rupa-rupa kelompok urang pribumi.
- Propinsi
- Bocas del Toro
- Chiriquí
- Coclé
- Colón
- Darién
- Herrera
- Los Santos
- Panamá
- Veraguas
- Région
- Emberá
- Kuna Yala
- Ngöbe-Buglé
- Kuna de Madugandí
- Kuna de Wargandí
Tempo ogé
- Daptar inohong Panama
- Invasi Amérika Sarikat ka Panama, 1989
Bacaan salajengna
- Buckley, Kevin, Panama, Touchstone, 1992. ISBN 0-671-77876-5
- Diaz Espino, Ovidio, How Wall Street Created a Nation, Four Walls Eight Windows, 2001. ISBN 1-56858-196-3
- Harding, Robert C., The History of Panama, Greenwood Publishing, 2006.
- Harding, Robert C., Military Foundations of Panamanian Politics, Transaction Publishers, 2001. ISBN 0-393-02696-5
- Joster, R.M. and Sanchez, Guillermo, In the Time of the Tyrants, Panama: 1968–1990, W.W.Norton & Company, 1990.
- Mellander, Gustavo A.; Nelly Maldonado Mellander (1999). Charles Edward Magoon: The Panama Yéars. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Editorial Plaza Mayor. ISBN 1-56328-155-4. OCLC 42970390.
- Mellander, Gustavo A. (1971). The United States in Panamanian Politics: The Intriguing Formative Yéars. Danville, Ill.: Interstate Publishers. OCLC 138568.
- Murillo, Luis E. (1995). The Noriega Mess: The Drugs, the Canal, and Why America Invaded. 1096 pages, illustrated. Berkeley: Vidéo Books. ISBN 0-923444-02-5.
- Porras, Ana Elena, Cultura de la Interoceanidad: Narrativas de Identidad Nacional de Panama (1990–2002), Editorial Carlos Manuel Gastéazoro, 2005. ISBN 9962-53-131-4
- Serrano, Damaris, La Nacion Panamena en sus Espacios: Cultura Popular, Resistencia y Globalizacion, Editorial Mariano Arosemena, 2005. ISBN 9962-659-01-9
- Villarréal, Melquiades, Esperanza o Realidad: Fronteras de la Identidad Panamena, Editorial Mariano Arosemena, 2004. ISBN 9962-601-80-0
- Weeks, John and Gunson, Phil, Panama. Made in the USA, 1992. ISBN 978-0-906156-55-1
Rujukan
- "Panama Christmas Traditions"[tumbu nonaktif] Christmas traditions- A Call Homeward.2008.Web.Apr. 20, 2010.
- Kamar Dagang jeung Industri Amérika Panama 23 Juni 2010
Tumbu kaluar
| Pék paluruh émbaran nu leuwih loba ngeunaan Panama ku jalan nyungsi proyék sabaraya Wikipédia | |
|---|---|
 | Définisi kamus ti Wiktionary |
 | Buku téks ti Wikibooks |
 | Cutatan ti Wikiquote |
 | Téks sumber ti Wikisource |
 | Gambar jeung média ti Commons |
 | Warta ti Wikinews |
 | Sumber pangajaran ti Wikiversity |
- Panama di Open Directory Project
- Éntri Panama di CIA World Factbook
Atlas Panama Wiki, ngandung peta ngeunaan Panama.
Tempo ogé Panama di Wikivoyage
- Loka resmi Biro Pariwisata Panama
- Panama ti UCB Libraries GovPubs
- Kamentrian Hubungan Luar (Basa Spanyol)
Citakan:Panama topics
 | Artikel ngeunaan géografi ti hiji nagara atawa wewengkon ieu mangrupa taratas, perlu disampurnakeun. Upami sadérék uninga langkung paos perkawis ieu, dihaturan kanggo ngalengkepan. |
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