Qorax
Qorax (Af Ingiriis : Sun; Af Carabi : ar) sidoo kale loo yaqaano Cadceed, waa shey wayn oo ka samaysan neefo ololaya.
Sidoo kale qoraxdu waa Xidigta aya nolosha aduunku ku tiirsan tahay. Iyada iyo mereereyaasha waxaa la isku yidhaahdaa Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu. Aduunka iyo mereereyaasha kale waxeey ku wareegtaan Qoraxda, waxeena la wareegtaan waxyaabo baraf ah iyo boorka hawada, ayaga oo 99,8% buuxiya weeninka iskujoogga qoraxda. Qoraxda waxee keentaa awood (Enargy), gaar ahaan ileys, taasi oo ugu wacan Nolosha aduunka oo dhan. Qoraxda waxee xakuntaa xaraaradaha aduunka iyo jawiga, waxeena u dhigantahay 1/3 Waqtiga Biyaha badtaan dhinaca badda, inta kale waxaa xakumo Bisha.
 Qaab muuqaalka Qorraxda | |
| Caddeymaha | |
|---|---|
| Fogaanta ay u jirto Dhulka | 1 au ≈ 1.496×108 km 8 daqiiqo 19 sekin ee xawaare ileys |
| Laxaad muuqda (V) | −26.74 |
| Laxaad sugan | 4.83 |
| Abla-ablayn jeegaan | G2V |
| Bir (falag) | Z = 0.0122 |
| Jimidh xagaleed | 31.6–32.7 Daqiiqadaha qaansada |
| Magac u yeel | Cadceed |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Mean distance from Milky Way core | ≈ 2.7×1017 km 27,200 light-years |
| Galactic period | (2.25–2.50)×108 yr |
| Velocity | ≈ 220 km/s (orbit around the center of the Milky Way) ≈ 20 km/s (relative to average velocity of other stars in stellar neighborhood) ≈ 370 km/s (relative to the cosmic microwave background) |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Equatorial radius | 695,700 km 109 × Earth |
| Equatorial circumference | 4.379×106 km 109 × Earth |
| Flattening | 9×10−6 |
| Surface area | 6.09×1012 km2 12,000 × Earth |
| Volume | 1.41×1018 km3 1,300,000 × Earth |
| Jir | (1.98855±0.00025)×1030 kg 333,000 × Earth |
| Average density | 1.408 g/cm3 0.255 × Earth |
| Center density (modeled) | 162.2 g/cm3 12.4 × Earth |
| Equatorial surface gravity | 274.0 m/s2 27.94 g 27,542.29 cgs 28 × Earth |
| Escape velocity (from the surface) | 617.7 km/s 55 × Earth |
| Temperature | Center (modeled): 1.57×107 K Photosphere (effective): 5,772 K Corona: ≈ 5×106 K |
| Luminosity (Lsol) | 3.828×1026 W ≈ 3.75×1028 lm ≈ 98 lm/W efficacy |
| Mean radiance (Isol) | 2.009×107 W·m−2·sr−1 |
| Age | ≈ 4.6 billion years |
| Rotation characteristics | |
| Obliquity | 7.25° (to the ecliptic) 67.23° (to the galactic plane) |
| Right ascension of North pole | 286.13° 19 h 4 min 30 s |
| Declination of North pole | +63.87° 63° 52' North |
| Sidereal rotation period (at equator) | 25.05 d |
| (at 16° latitude) | 25.38 d 25 d 9 h 7 min 12 s |
| (at poles) | 34.4 d |
| Rotation velocity (at equator) | 7.189×103 km/h |
| Photospheric composition (by mass) | |
| Hydrogen | 73.46% |
| Helium | 24.85% |
| Oxygen | 0.77% |
| Carbon | 0.29% |
| Iron | 0.16% |
| Neon | 0.12% |
| Nitrogen | 0.09% |
| Silicon | 0.07% |
| Magnesium | 0.05% |
| Sulfur | 0.04% |
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Samayska Qoraxda
Qoraxda waxee ka koobantahay Dab ama (Hydrogen) taas oo daboosha 92% qoraxda oo dhan. Midabka qoraxda waa Cadaan, sababtoo ah, kuleelka qoraxda waxoo gaaraa 5.515 garaado. laakiin markii aduunka laga fiiriyo waa jaale, sababtoo ah, aduunka waxaa ku daboolan waxyaabo oo Dabeesha ama duufaanta qoraxda celiyo, taas ayaa midabka bedelaysa. Marka ee qoraxda dheceeso, Cirka waxaa lagu arkaa ayada oo oranji ama gaduud ah.
Nolosha Qoraxda
Jiritaanka dunidu waxay ku xidhan tahay nolosha Qoraxda. Haddii isbedel ku yimaado qoraxda nolosha dhulka iyo waxkasta weey doorsoomayaan. Sida la qiyaasayo, Hal bilyan sano ka dib, midabka qoraxdu waa isbedeli iftiinkuna waa sii kordhi sababto ah Hiliyaamta bu'da qoraxda ayaa sii kordheeysa taas oo keeni doonta in 10% kordho iftiinka, heerkulka iyo falaadhaha khatarta ah ee ka soo baxa qoraxda; halka 3.5 bilyan sano ka dib ay badan doonto 40%.
Aqoonyahanada Cimiladu waxay sheegeen isbedelkaas qoraxda ku yimid sare u qaadi ilayska halista ah ee "radiation" taas oo lumin doonto biyaha badaha dhulka. Wakhti yar gudaheed, waxaa kor u kici heerkulka oogada sare ee dhulka, sidoo kale isku-wareega Kaarboon Ogsaydh CO2 oo muhiim u ah nolosha dhirta ayaa jaha wareeri iskuna bedeli Kaarbon afar (C4) oo sun ah. Dhirtu haday ka dhamaato dunida waxaa dhici in la waayo hawada Ogsajiin midaas oo sababaysa dhimashada noolaha oo dhan. Hal bilyan sano oo kale kadib, heerkulka maqaarka sare ee dhulka wuxuu gaadhi, ugu yaraan, 70 degree Salsiyas midan oo jaho-wareer ku keenaysa miisaanka iyo cufis-jiidadka dunida. Midabka qoraxdu wuxu noqon casaan 5 bilyan sano ka dib, isla markaan gacanka qoraxdu wuxuu gaadhi meel ka badan 250 jeer meesha uu hada joogo. Wakhtigan lama hubo, sida dhulku noqon, laakiin waxa la og yahay in wareega dhulku isbedeli sababto ah aad ayuu uga fogaani qoraxda. Mudo yar ka dib, bu'da qoraxdu waxay isku bedeli cadaan bilaa kul iyo ileys ah, halkaas ayaana ugu dambeeysa isku xidhnaanta Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu.
„Abuureheenna Jacaylka Badan Wuu Ina Daneeyaa… Bal ka feker adduunka oo aan qorrax lahayn. Qorraxdu waxay geedaha siisaa awoodda ay ku soo saaraan caleemo, ubax, khudaar, midho iyo abuur. Waxay sidoo kale geedaha u banneysaa inay xididdadooda dhulka biyo kaga soo qaataan. Dabadeedna biyahaas waxay u gudbiyaan caleemahooda, kaddibna hawaday galaan iyagoo uumi ah.”
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