Maldives: Sovereign state in South Asia, situated on an archipelago in the Arabian Sea
The Maldives are a group of islands in the Indian Ocean.
They are southwest of India. They are made up of the Maldive and Suadive archipelagos, with over 1,200 islands. These islands are a part of 26 atolls. And they are divided to 20 administrative atolls. People live on about 200 of the islands. It has more than 1126 coral reefs. It is the flattest country in the world. The highest point in the Maldives is only 2 m (7 ft) high above the level of the sea.
Republic of Maldives | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Qaumii salaam National Salute | |
.svg) Location of Maldives in the Indian Ocean | |
_-_MDV_-_UNOCHA.svg) | |
| Capital and largest city | Malé |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2011) | ≈100% Maldiviansa |
| Demonym(s) | Maldivian |
| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
| Mohamed Muizzu | |
| Hussain Mohamed Latheef | |
• Speaker | Mohamed Aslam |
• Chief Justice | Ahmed Muthasim Adnan |
| Legislature | People's Majlis |
| Independence | |
• from the United Kingdom | 26 July 1965 |
• Current constitution | 7 August 2008 |
| Area | |
• Total | 298 km2 (115 sq mi) (187th) |
• Water (%) | 99% |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 521,457 (175th) |
• 2014 census | 341,356 |
• Density | 1,102.5/km2 (2,855.5/sq mi) (11th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $7.396 billion (162nd) |
• Per capita | $20,228 (69th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $4.825 billion |
• Per capita | $13,196 |
| Gini (2005–2013) | 37.4 medium |
| HDI (2014) |  0.706high · 103rd |
| Currency | Maldivian rufiyaa (MVR) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (Maldives Time) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +960 |
| ISO 3166 code | MV |
| Internet TLD | .mv |
| |
Malé is the capital, with a population of 150,000 people. Its official religion is Islam.
Climate
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The Maldives has a tropical monsoon climate (Am) under the Köppen climate classification, which is affected by the large landmass of South Asia to the north. Because the Maldives has the lowest elevation of any country in the world, the temperature is constantly hot and often humid. The presence of this landmass causes differential heating of land and water. These factors set off a rush of moisture-rich air from the Indian Ocean over South Asia, resulting in the southwest monsoon. Two seasons dominate Maldives' weather: the dry season associated with the winter northeastern monsoon and the rainy season which brings strong winds and storms.
The shift from the dry northeast monsoon to the moist southwest monsoon occurs during April and May. During this period, the southwest winds contribute to the formation of the southwest monsoon, which reaches Maldives in the beginning of June and lasts until the end of August. However, the weather patterns of Maldives do not always conform to the monsoon patterns of South Asia. The annual rainfall averages 254 centimetres (100 in) in the north and 381 centimetres (150 in) in the south.
The monsoonal influence is greater in the north of the Maldives than in the south, more influenced by the equatorial currents.
The highest temperature ever recorded in Malé was 39.6 °C (103.3 °F) on 1 January 2000 and the lowest was 20.4 °C (68.7 °F) on 20 March 1989 and 21 January 2017.
| Climate data for Malé (1981–2010) (Extremes 1981-present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 39.6 (103.3) | 32.6 (90.7) | 35.0 (95.0) | 33.5 (92.3) | 34.2 (93.6) | 33.0 (91.4) | 33.0 (91.4) | 33.8 (92.8) | 32.5 (90.5) | 32.2 (90.0) | 36.0 (96.8) | 32.6 (90.7) | 39.6 (103.3) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 30.3 (86.5) | 30.7 (87.3) | 31.4 (88.5) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.2 (88.2) | 30.6 (87.1) | 30.5 (86.9) | 30.4 (86.7) | 30.2 (86.4) | 30.2 (86.4) | 30.1 (86.2) | 30.1 (86.2) | 30.6 (87.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.9 (84.0) | 29.2 (84.6) | 28.8 (83.8) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.2 (82.8) | 28.0 (82.4) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.7 (81.9) | 27.8 (82.0) | 28.2 (82.8) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 25.7 (78.3) | 25.9 (78.6) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.3 (79.3) | 26.0 (78.8) | 25.8 (78.4) | 25.5 (77.9) | 25.3 (77.5) | 25.4 (77.7) | 25.2 (77.4) | 25.4 (77.7) | 25.8 (78.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 20.4 (68.7) | 22.7 (72.9) | 20.4 (68.7) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.4 (72.3) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.4 (74.1) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.2 (72.0) | 20.4 (68.7) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 114.2 (4.50) | 38.1 (1.50) | 73.9 (2.91) | 122.5 (4.82) | 218.9 (8.62) | 167.3 (6.59) | 149.9 (5.90) | 175.5 (6.91) | 199.0 (7.83) | 194.2 (7.65) | 231.1 (9.10) | 216.8 (8.54) | 1,901.4 (74.86) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 131 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 78.0 | 77.0 | 76.9 | 78.1 | 80.8 | 80.7 | 79.1 | 80.5 | 81.0 | 81.7 | 82.2 | 80.9 | 79.7 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 248.4 | 257.8 | 279.6 | 246.8 | 223.2 | 202.3 | 226.6 | 211.5 | 200.4 | 234.8 | 226.1 | 220.7 | 2,778.2 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990), En.tutiempo | |||||||||||||
References
Other websites
Media related to Maldives at Wiki Commons
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