Historical Race Concepts: Disused conception of a person's racial or ethnic makeup

Some scientists in the 18th century decided to classify them into a limited number of variants or races. Some spoke of three races of mankind: The Caucasian race living in Europe, North Africa and West Asia, the Mongoloid race living in East Asia, Australia, and the Americas, and the Negroid race living in Africa south of the Sahara. Others preferred two, with the others arising from mixtures, and some chose four, five, or other numbers of races.

These ideas were popular from the late 18th century to the middle of the 20th century. These are now called historical definitions of race or historical race concepts. Today, scientists agree that there is only one human race. Modern genetic research has shown that the idea of three (or four, or five) races was wrong.^: 360

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach's classification, first proposed in 1779, was widely used in the 19th century, with many variations.

• Ethiopian/black race.
• Caucasian race/white race
• Mongolian/yellow race
• American/red race
• Malayan/brown race

The mid-twentieth century racial classification by American anthropologist Carleton S. Coon, also used five races but divided some of them differently:

• Negroid (Black) race
• Australoid (Australian Aborigine and Papuan) race
• Capoid (Bushmen/Hottentots) race
• Mongoloid (Oriental/Amerindian) race
• Caucasoid (White) race

• On the Importance of Critical Race Theory—and the Delusional Attacks On It Richard Delgado, Aja Martinez, and Victor Ray in Conversation on Structural Racism, the Future of CRT, and More. Literary Hub.