Ubworozi Bw’inkoko

 

Mu by’ukuri ubworozi bw’inkoko bukwiranye n’igihe tugezemo cyo kubyaza umusaruro mwinshi ubutaka buto dufite. Urebye ubworozi bw’inkoko, uburyo bifashisha mu cyaro naho bareka inkoko murugo zonyine ntibaziteho cyangwa zikitabwaho gacye.

Imishwi

 

 

Kuva ku munsi umwe kugeza ku byumweru 4, imishwi y’inkokoz’inyama igomba gushyirwa ahantu hashyushye. Kugira ngo ushyushye imishwi ushobora gukoresha imbabura, cyangwa se amatara y’amashanyarazi. Ubushyuhe bugomba kuba buringaniye, atari bwinshi cyane, ariko na none atari buke cyane. Imishwi ubwayo irabikwereka. (a)Iyo hakonje cyane, imishwi yegera imbabura, (b) haba harimo ubushyuhe bwinshi imishwi igahunga imbabura. (c)Iyo hari umuyaga imishwi yigira uruhande rumwe, naho haba hari ubushyuhe buringaniye (d) imishwi ikaba imerewe neza yisanzuye nk’uko bigaragazwa n’igishushanyo gikurikira.

inkoko zitanga inyama

 

Ubworozi bw’inkoko z’inyama ni ubworozi bumara igihe gito cyane, bityo bukazanira uwabukoze inyungu ku buryo bwihuse. Inkoko z’inyama zariye neza zikabona n’ibya ngombwa byose zikeneye, zishobora gutanga umusaruro nyuma y’iminsi mirongo itanu gusa ! Ni ukuvuga mu gihe kitageze ku mezi abiri. Icyo gihe inkoko imwe uyibaze iba ipima ikilo n’igice (kg 1,5).

Inkoko zitera amagi

 

Kuva ku cyumweru cya 20 kugeza inkoko zishaje, zirya ibiryo byagenewe inkoko zitera (Aliment super ponte). Mbere y’ibyumweru 2 ngo inkoko zitangire gutera, umworozi agomba gushyira mu nzu y’inkoko udusanduku zizateramo kugira ngo zizatangire gutera zaratumenyereye. Iyo inkoko zatangiye gutera, umworozi agomba kunyura mu nzu yazo nibura inshuro eshatu ku munsi kugira ngo akuremo amagi yatewe. Ubworozi bw’inkoko z’amagi burashimishije cyane. Nyuma y’amezi ane gusa, inkoko ziba zatangiye gutanga amagi. Inkoko imwe yatangiye gutera ishobora kugeza ku magi 320 ku mwaka, kandi ishobora kurenza umwaka itera. Amagi rero nta kibazo cyayo kuko igihe utabonye isoko ry’ako kanya ushobora kuyabika icyumweru kirenga mu bushobozi bwawe.

Aho ziba

• Inkoko zigomba kuba ahantu zisanzuye kandi hari urumuri n’umwuka bihagije.

• Dore umwanya bateganya uko ugomba kuba ungana :

• 1m² ku mishwi 20 (umunsi umwe kugeza ku minsi 30);

• 1m² ku bigwana 10 (ukwezi kugeza ku mezi 5);

• 1m² ku nkokokazi5 zitera ;

• inkoko zigomba kugira urugo rwo gutemberamo ku zuba. Urwo rugo rugomba kuba ruzitiye kugira ngo zitajya hanze yarwo.

Kororoka

• Inkokokazi itangira gutera imaze amezi 5,5 ivutse ;

• Irarira iminsi 21 ;

• Inkokokazi ishobora gutera idafite isake, ariko igatera amahuri ;

• Isake imwe irahagije ku nkokokazi 10 kugira ngo zitere amagi atari amahuri;

Inkokokazi imaze umwaka itera igomba kuvanwa mu bworozi.

Igaburo

• Kugira ngo inkoko zikure neza kandi zitange amagi menshi, zigomba kugaburirwa neza;

• Ku bashoboye kubona imvange, dore uko bagomba kuyitanga kuri buri nkoko, ku munsi:

- Icyumweru cya 1 ivutse: gr 15

- Icyumweru cya 8: gr 50

- Icyumweru cya 20: gr 100

- Icyumweru cya 22: gr 120

 

- Inkoko itera: gr 130

Umusaruro

• Inkoko yo mu bwoko bwa RIR (Rhode Island Red) ishobora gutera ku mwaka amagi 220 iyo yafashwe neza. Ni ukuvuga umusaruro w’amagi wa 60% ;

• Inkoko yo mu bwoko Derco, iyo ifashwe neza ishobora gutera amagi 250 ku mwaka. Ni ukuvuga umusaruro wa 69% ku mwaka  ;

• Hari ubundi bwoko bushobora gutera amagi 300 ku mwaka, aha twavuga nka Warren ;

 

• Inkoko isanzwe ya kinyarwanda ishobora gutera amagi 60 kugeza kuri 90 ku mwaka. Mu bwoko bwa kinyarwanda, hagenda habamo zimwe ziba nziza kuruta izindi.

NB: Izi ngero zishobora guhinduka cyane bitewe n’akarere inkoko zirimo ndetse n’ubwoko bw’inkoko IBIRYO BIKENEWE KU NKOKO Z’INYAMA

Ibyiciro by’inkoko zitera amajyi

o Imishwi y’inko z’amagi

igomba gushyirwa ahantu hashyushye (ushobora gukoresha imbabura, cyangwa se amashanyarazi). Ubushyuhe bukenewe ku nkoko z’inyama ni nabwo bukenewe ku nkoko z’amagi.

o Ibigwana by’inkoko z’amagi

Ni ukuva ku cyumweru cya cyenda kugeza ku cyumweru cya 20

Ni muri kiriya gihe inkoko zigomba gukurikiranwa, hagakorwa inking zose zabugenewe, isuku ikitabwaho ibiryo n’amazi nabyo bikaba bihagije.

Inkoko zitangiye gutera amagi.

• Kuva ku cyumweru cya 20 kugeza inkoko zishaje (hafi ku byumweru 80),

• Mbere y’ibyumweru 2 ngo inkoko zitangire gutera, umworozi agomba gushyiramo udusanduka inkoko zizatereramo kugirango zizatangire gutera zaratumenyereye.

• Iyo inkoko zatangiye gutera amagi , umworozi agomba kunyura mu nzu y’inkoko nibura incuro enye; mu gitondo mu masaa tatu; saa tanu; saa munani, no ku mugoroba mu ma saa kumi n’imwe, kugirango akuremo amagi inkoko zimaze gutera.

• Gukuramo amagi inshuro nyinshi bituma zitayamena.

Icyitonderwa: Iyi nyandiko tuyikesha Igitabo Agenda y'Umuhinzi cya 2018 cyateguwe na Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi n'Ubworozi

• https://web.archive.org/web/20130704055259/http://rwanda.thebeehive.org/content/758/2656