See Swedish phonology and Norwegian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages. Examples in the table are Swedish unless otherwise noted.
| Consonants | | IPA | Examples | Nearest English equivalent | | Swed. | Norw. | | b | abort ('abortion') | about | | ɕ | ç | Kina ('China') | Swedish: sheep; Norwegian: hue | | d | dag ('day') | do | | ɖ | nord ('north') | order | | f | fot ('foot') | fold | | ɡ | god ('good') | ago | | h | hatt ('hat') | hoot | | ɧ | ʂ | Swedish: sjö, Norwegian: sjø ('lake')
| Swedish: Scottish English loch; Norwegian: shoe | | j | jojo ('yo-yo') | you | | k | kafé ('café') | coo | | l | lake (Norwegian and Swedish: 'brine', 'burbot') | love | | ɭ | Karl (male first name) | twirl | | m | man ('mane') | mood | | n | natt ('night') | noon | | ɳ | barn ('child') | turner | | ŋ | ting ('thing') | long | | p | pappa ('father') | pool | | r | år ('year') | A flapped or trilled R. | | s | sabel ('sabre') | soon | | ʂ | torsdag ('Thursday') | marshal (in some dialects) | | t | torsdag ('Thursday') | too | | ʈ | parti ('political party') | cartel | | v | vaktel ('quail') | vote | | | Vowels | | IPA | Examples | Nearest English equivalent | | Swed. | Norw. | | ɑː | mat [ˈmɑːt] "food" | bra | | a | ɑ | fast [ˈfast]/[ˈfɑst] "steady, unmoving" | British stack | | eː | hel [ˈheːl] "whole" | Scottish save | | ɛː | | häl [ˈhɛːl] "heel" | there | | ɛ | häll/helle [ˈhɛl] "flat rock" | hell | | æː | ära [æːra]/ære [æːre] "honour" | Australian ham | | æ | färsk/fersk [ˈfæʂːk] "fresh" | trap | | iː | sil [ˈsiːl] "sieve" | leaf | | ɪ | sill/sild [ˈsɪl]/[ˈsɪl(d)] "herring" | hill | | oː | mål [ˈmoːl] "goal" | Scottish/Canadian stove | | ɔ | moll [ˈmɔl] "minor" (music) | moll, with round lips | | øː | dö/dø [ˈdøː] "die" | No English equivalent; German long ö | | œ | nött [ˈnœt] "worn" /nøtt "nut" | No English equivalent; German short ö | | œː | | öra [œːra] "ear" | No English equivalent; French sœur | | ʉː | ful [ˈfʉːl] "ugly, cunning, sly" | fuel, Australian food, with tight lips | | ɵ | ʉ | full [ˈfɵl]/[ˈfʉl] "full" | British butcher | | uː | bot [ˈbuːt] "penance" | boot | | ʊ | | bott [ˈbʊt] "lived" | put, with tight lips | | yː | syl [ˈsyːl] "awl" | No English equivalent; French long u | | ʏ | syll [ˈsʏl] "sleeper" (railroad) in Swedish;
fylle "fill" in Norwegian | No English equivalent; German short ü | | unstressed | | ə | begå [bəˈgoː] "commit" | about | | Stress and tone | | IPA | Examples from a rich regional variety | | | Swedish | | ˈa | [ˈandɛn]
"the duck" | Tone 1 / acute accent:
• Single stress with single falling tone in Stockholm: [ˈândɛn]
• Low tone [ˈà] in Oslo and falling tone [ˈâ] in western Norway | | ˈa.ˈa | [ˈanˈdɛn]
"the spirit" | Tone 2 / grave accent:
• Double stress with double falling tone in Stockholm: [ˈânˈdɛ̂n]
• Falling-rising tone [ˈâ] in Oslo and rising-falling tone in western Norway | |
Notes
ਹਵਾਲੇ
Bibliography
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