आवश्यकता शृङ्खला सिद्धान्त अमेरिकी मनोबिद् अब्राहम मास्लोद्वारा प्रस्तुत गरिएको मनोविज्ञानको अवधारणा हो । उनले १९४३ मा Psychological Review जर्नल मा लेख A Theory of Human Motivation मा प्रस्तुत गरेका थिए । Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his observations of humans' innate curiosity.
His theories parallel many other theories of human developmental psychology, some of which focus on describing the stages of growth in humans. The theory is a classification system intended to reflect the universal needs of society as its base, then proceeding to more acquired emotions. The hierarchy of needs is split between deficiency needs and growth needs, with two key themes involved within the theory being individualism and the prioritization of needs. While the theory is usually shown as a pyramid in illustrations, Maslow himself never created a pyramid to represent the hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy of needs is a psychological idea and also an assessment tool, particularly in education, healthcare and social work. The hierarchy remains a popular framework, for example in sociology research, management training, and higher education.अब्राहम मास्लोको यो आवश्यकता शृंखला सिद्धान्त निम्नलिखित मान्यताहरूमा आधारित छ ।
यश आवश्यकताभित्र गाँस, बाँस, कपासका अतिरिक्त आराम तथा पुनर्ताजगी, कार्यसम्पादनमा भौतिक सुबिधा तथा उचित कार्य घण्टा पर्दछन्।
यसभित्र सुरक्षित कार्य अवस्था, जागिरको सुरक्षा, तथा उचित पारिश्रमिक तथा सुबिधाहरु पर्दछन्।
सामाजिक आवश्यकताभित्र सहकर्मीको मित्रवत् व्यवहार, ग्राहकसँग अन्तर्कृया,उपयुक्त सुपरिवेक्षक, समाजमा स्वीकार्य, प्रेमपूर्वक रहने, सामाजिक संगठनमा संलग्न रहने, समितिहरूमा रहने आदि पर्दछन्।
यस अन्तर्गत आत्मसम्मान, उच्च तथा मर्यादित ओहदा, इज्जत तथा प्रतिष्ठा, स्वतन्त्रता, प्रशंसा, हाकिमद्वारा मान्यता तथा पहिचान आदि पर्दछन्।
सिर्जनशील तथा चुनौतीपूर्ण कामको अपेक्षा, निर्णयमा सहभागी हुन पाउने अपेक्षा तथा कार्यमा स्वायत्तताको अपेक्षा यस आवश्यकताभित्र पर्दछन्।
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