Thailand

It is bordered tae the north bi Burma an Laos, tae the aest bi Laos an Cambodie, tae the sooth bi the Gulf o Thailand an Malaysie, an tae the wast bi the Andaman Sea an the soothren extremity o Burma. Its maritime boondaries include Vietnam in the Gulf o Thailand tae the sootheast an Indonesie an Indie in the Andaman Sea tae the soothwast.

Kinrick o Thailand ราชอาณาจักรไทย Ratcha Anachak Thai
Banner Emblem
Motto:  (unofficial) ชาติ ศาสนา พระมหากษัตริย์ (Thai) Chat, Satsana, Phra Maha Kasat "Naition, Releegions, Keeng"
Anthem: Phleng Chat Thai Thai Naitional Anthem (instrumental) Ryal anthem: Sansoen Phra Barami Thai Ryal Anthem (instrumental)
Caipital	Bangkok 13°45′N 100°29′E / 13.750°N 100.483°E / 13.750; 100.483
Lairgest ceety	capital
Offeecial leids	Thai
Official script	Thai alphabet
Ethnic groups (2009)	75–85% Thai (incl. Central Thai, Northeastren Thai, Northren Thai an Soothren Thai) 14% Thai Cheenese 11% Ithers (incl. Malay, Khmer, "Hill tribes")
Demonym(s)	Thai
Govrenment	Unitary pairlamentary constitutional monarchy
• Keeng	Rama X
• Actin Prime Meenister	Prayut Chan-o-cha
Legislatur	Naitional Assembly
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Hoose o Representatives
Formation
• Sukhothai Kinrick	1238–1448
• Ayutthaya Kinrick	1351–1767
• Thonburi Kinrick	1768–1782
• Rattanakosin Kinrick	6 Aprile 1782
• Constitutional monarchy	24 Juin 1932
Aurie
• Total	513,120 km2 (198,120 sq mi) (51st)
• Water (%)	0.4 (2,230 km2)
Population
• 2011 estimate	66,720,153 (20t)
• 2010 census	65,479,453
• Density	132.1/km2 (342.1/sq mi) (88t)
GDP (PPP)	2013 estimate
• Total	$701.554 billion
• Per capita	$10,849
GDP (nominal)	2013 estimate
• Tot	$424.985 billion
• Per capita	$6,572
Gini (2010)	39.4 medium
HDI	0.690 medium · 103rd
Currency	Baht (฿) (THB)
Time zone	UTC+7
Drivin side	left
Cawin code	+66
ISO 3166 code	TH
Internet TLD	.th .ไทย

The kintra's offeecial name wis Siam (Thai: สยาม RTGS: Sayam, IPA: [sàjǎːm]) until Juin 23, 1939, when it wis chynged tae Thailand. It wis then renamed Siam frae 1945 tae Mey 11, 1949, efter which it wis again renamed Thailand. An aa spelled Sayam, Syâm or Syâma, it haes been identified wi the Sanskrit Śyâma (श्याम, meanin "daurk" or "brown"). The names Shan an A-hom seem tae be variants o the same wird, an Śyâma is possibly no its oreegin but a learned an artificial distortion.

The wird Thai (ไทย) is no, as commonly believed derived frae the wird Tai (ไท) meanin "freedom" in the Thai leid; it is, housomeivver, the name o an ethnic group frae the central plains (the Thai fowk). A famous Thai scholar argued that Tai (ไท) simply means "fowk" or "human being" syne his investigation shows that in some rural auries the wird "Tai" wis uised instead o the uisual Thai wird "khon" (คน) for fowk. The Thai uise the phrase "land o the free" tae express pride in the fact that Thailand is the ae kintra in Sootheast Asie niver colonized bi an ootside pouer.

While the Thai fowk will aften refer tae thair kintra uisin the polite form Prathet Thai (Thai: ประเทศไทย), thay maist commonly uise the mair colloquial wird Mueang Thai (Thai: เมืองไทย) or simply Thai (Thai: ไทย); the wird mueang (Thai: เมือง) meanin naition but maist commonly uised tae refer tae a ceety or toun. Ratcha Anachak Thai (Thai: ราชอาณาจักรไทย) means "Kinrick o Thailand".

Etymologically, its components are: -Ratcha- (frae Sanskrit raja, meanin "keeng, royal, realm") ; -ana- (frae Pāli āṇā, "authority, command, pouer", itself frae Sanskrit ājñā, same meanin) -chak (frae Sanskrit cakra or cakraṃ meanin "wheel", a seembol o pouer an rule). The Thai Naitional Anthem (Thai: เพลงชาติ) refers tae the Thai naition as: prathet-thai (Thai: ประเทศไทย). The first line o the naitional anthem is: prathet thai ruam lueat nuea chat chuea thai (Thai: ประเทศไทยรวมเลือดเนื้อชาติเชื้อไทย) an wis translatit in 1939 bi Colonel Luang Saranuprabhandi as: “Thailand is the unity o Thai blood an body.”

Thailand is dividit intae 76 provinces (จังหวัด, changwat), which are gathered intae 5 groups o provinces bi location. Thare are an aa 2 special governed destricts: the caipital Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon) an Pattaya, o which Bangkok is at provincial level an sicweys aften coontit as a 77t province.

Each province is dividit intae destricts an the destricts are further dividit intae sub-destricts (tambons). As o 2010 thare are 878 destricts (อำเภอ, amphoe) an the 50 destricts o Bangkok (เขต, khet). Some pairts o the provinces borderin Bangkok are an aa referred tae as Greater Bangkok (ปริมณฑล, pari monthon). Thir provinces include Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Samut Prakan, Nakhon Pathom an Samut Sakhon. The name o each province's caipital ceety (เมือง, mueang) is the same as that o the province. For example, the caipital o Chiang Mai province (changwat Chiang Mai) is Mueang Chiang Mai or Chiang Mai. The 76 provinces are as follaes:

 

 

Central

1. Ang Thong
2. Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon), Special Governed Destrict o
3. Chai Nat
4. Kamphaeng Phet
5. Lopburi
6. Nakhon Nayok
7. Nakhon Pathom
8. Nakhon Sawan
9. Nonthaburi
10. Pathum Thani
11. Phetchabun
12. Phichit
13. Phitsanulok
14. Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya
15. Samut Prakan
16. Samut Sakhon
17. Samut Songkhram
18. Saraburi
19. Sing Buri
20. Sukhothai
21. Suphan Buri
22. Uthai Thani

East

1. Chachoengsao
2. Chanthaburi
3. Chonburi
4. Prachinburi
5. Rayong
6. Sa Kaeo
7. Trat

North

1. Chiang Mai
2. Chiang Rai
3. Lampang
4. Lamphun
5. Mae Hong Son
6. Nan
7. Phayao
8. Phrae
9. Uttaradit

 

Northeast (Isan)

1. Amnat Charoen
2. Buri Ram
3. Chaiyaphum
4. Kalasin
5. Khon Kaen
6. Loei
7. Maha Sarakham
8. Mukdahan
9. Nakhon Phanom
10. Nakhon Ratchasima
11. Nong Bua Lamphu
12. Nong Khai
13. Roi Et
14. Sakon Nakhon
15. Si Sa Ket
16. Surin
17. Ubon Ratchathani

     

18. Udon Thani
19. Yasothon

Sooth

1. Chumphon
2. Krabi
3. Nakhon Si Thammarat
4. Narathiwat
5. Pattani
6. Phang Nga
7. Phatthalung
8. Phuket
9. Ranong
10. Satun
11. Songkhla
12. Surat Thani
13. Trang
14. Yala

Wast

1. Kanchanaburi
2. Phetchaburi
3. Prachuap Khiri Khan
4. Ratchaburi
5. Tak