Adabi

adabi
type of arts (en) , class (en) da group of works (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	class (en) da Fasaha
Bangare na	language arts (en)
Karatun ta	literary criticism (en) , literary studies (en) da sociology of literature (en)
Has characteristic (en)	literary genre (en) , literary form (en) , literary style (en) da mode (en)
Stack Exchange site URL (en)	https://literature.stackexchange.com
Mastodon instance URL (en)	https://writing.exchange

Adabi duk wani tarin rubuce-rubuce ne, amma kuma ana amfani da shi sosai don rubuce-rubucen da aka yi la’akari da su a matsayin fasahar fasaha, musamman tatsuniyoyi, wasan kwaikwayo, da wakoki. A cikin 'yan ƙarni na baya-bayan nan, ma'anar ta faɗaɗa don haɗawa da wallafe-wallafen baka, yawancin abin da aka rubuta. Adabi hanya ce ta yin rikodi, adanawa, da watsa ilimi da nishaɗi, kuma tana iya samun taka rawa a zamantakewa, tunani, ruhi, ko siyasa.

Adabi, a matsayin sigar fasaha, na iya haɗawa da ayyuka a nau'o'in da ba na almara ba, kamar tarihin rayuwa, diaries, memoir, haruffa, da maƙala. A cikin faffadan ma'anarta, adabi ta haɗa da littattafan da ba na tatsuniyoyi ba, labarai ko wasu buƙatun bayanai akan wani batu.

Etymologically, kalmar ta samo asali daga litattafan Latin/litteratura "ilmantarwa, rubutu, nahawu," asali "rubutun da aka yi da haruffa," daga litattafai/littara "wasika". Duk da haka, an kuma yi amfani da kalmar ga rubutun magana ko waƙa. Cigaba a cikin fasahar bugawa ya ba da damar rarrabawa da haɓakawa da haɓaka ayyukan rubuce-rubuce, wanda yanzu ya haɗa da wallafe-wallafe.

Ana rarraba wallafe-wallafen bisa ga ko waka ne, zance ko wasan kwaikwayo, kuma ana ƙara rarraba irin waɗannan ayyukan bisa ga lokacin tarihi, riko da wasu siffofi na ado, ko nau'i.

Ma'anar wallafe-wallafen sun bambanta da lokaci. A Yammacin Turai, kafin karni na 18, wallafe-wallafen da aka nuna duk littattafai da rubuce-rubucen wallafe-wallafe za a iya gani a matsayin komawa zuwa tsofaffi, mafi yawan ra'ayi, don haka nazarin al'adu, alal misali, ya haɗa da, ban da ayyukan canonical, shahararrun da 'yan tsiraru. Har ila yau, ana amfani da kalmar a cikin abubuwan da ba a rubuta ba: zuwa "adabi na baka" da "littafin al'adun farko".

Ma'anar shari'ar kimar wallafe-wallafe tana ɗaukarsa a matsayin wanda ya ƙunshi rubutu mai inganci kawai wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na al'adar belles-lettres ("rubutu mai kyau"). Misalin wannan a cikin (1910-11) Encyclopædia Britannica wanda ya rarraba wallafe-wallafe a matsayin "mafi kyawun magana na mafi kyawun tunani da aka rage zuwa rubutu".