Kakaisaran Romawi

Pikeun kagunaan séjén, tempo Kakaisaran Romawi (disambiguasi).

Kakaisaran Romawi Senatus PopulusQue Romanus (SPQR) "Sénat jeung Rahayat Roma"
Kakaisaran
← 27 SM–476/1453 M →   →
Vexillum kalawan aquila sarta inisial kanagaraan Romawi
Kakawasaan maksimum Kakaisaran Romawi dina 117 M.
Ibu kota	Roma nyaéta ibu kota pulitis nepi ka 286 M Aya sababaraha puseur pulitis nalika Katétraan samentawis Roma tetep jadi ibu kota nominal, budaya, jeung idéologis. Konstantin ngadegkeun sarta ngawangun ulang kota Konstantinopel salaku ibu kota kakaisaran nu anyar dina 330. Mediolanum (Milan) mangrupa batur gawéna nalika babagian Wétan/Kulon ningkat remenna. Pangadilan kakaisaran kulon teras dipindahkeun ka Ravenna.
Basa	Latin, Yunani
Pamaréntahan	Otokrasi
Kaisar
- 27 SM – 14 M	Augustus
- 378–395	Theodosius I
- 475–476 / 1449–1453	Romulus Augustus / Konstantin XI
Badan législatif	Sénat Romawi
Jaman	Kuna klasik
- Patempuran Actium	2 Séptémber 31 SM
- Octavia nyatakeun Augustus	27 SM
- Diocletian misahkeun adminstrasi kakaisaran antawsi Wétan jeung Kulon	285
- Konstantin nu Ageung ngadegkeun Konstantinopel salaku ibu kota kakaisaran nu anyar	330
- Pupusna Theodosius nu Ageung, diteraskeun ku dibagina kakaisaran kana wétan jeung kulon	395
- Turunna Kaisar Kulon Romulus Augustus/Labuhna Konstantinopel *	476/1453 M
Aréa
- 25 SM	2.750.000 km2 (1.061.781 mil pasagi)
- 50	4.200.000 km2 (1.621.629 mil pasagi)
- 117	6.500.000 km2 (2.509.664 mil pasagi)
- 390	4.400.000 km2 (1.698.849 mil pasagi)
Populasi
- Perkiraan 25 SM	56.800.000
Kapadetan	20,7 /km2  (53,5 /mil pasagi)
- Perkiraan  117	88.000.000
Kapadetan	13,5 /km2  (35,1 /sq mi)
Mata uang	(a) 27 SM – 212 M: 1 emas aureus (1/40 lb. emas, dirobah ka 1/50 lb. dina 212) = 25 pérak denarii = 100 perunggu sesterces = 400 tambaga asses. (b) 294–312: 1 emas aureus solidus (1/60 lb. emas) = 10 pérak argentei = 40 perunggu folles = 1.000 logam nu diturunkeun denarii (c) 312 ka hareup: 1 emas solidus (1/72 lb.) = 24 pérak siliquae = 180 perunggu folles
Ayeuna bagian ti	Tingali artikel
* Kajadia-kajadian ieu nandaan ahirna Kakaisaran Romawi Kulon (286–476) jeung Kakaisaran Romawi Wétan (330–1453).

Dina ahir abad ka-3 Maséhi, Diocletian ngadegkeun sarta mraktékkeun babagian kakawasaan antawis 4 kaisar (kawanoh salaku katétraan) sangkan leuwih alus ngamankeun wewengkonna nu lega, ngahirkeun Krisis Abad KAtilu. Nalika dékade sanggeusna, Kakaisaran remen dibagi kana poros Wétan/Kulon. Sanggeus pupusna Theodosius I dina 395, kakaisaran dibagi pikeun nu pangahirna.

Kakaisaran Romawi Kulon ngahir dina 476 basa Romulus Augustus dipaksa turn tahta pikeun raja perang Jérmanik, Odoacer. Romawi Wétan atanapi Kakaisaran Bizantium ngahir dina 1453 nalika pupusna Konstantin XI sarta labuhna Konstantinopel ka Mehmed II, pamingpin Turki Ottoman.

Wewengkon Kakaisaran Romawi ayeuna mangrupa bagian ti nagara:

• Frank Frost Abbott (1901). A History and Description of Roman Political Institutions. Elibron Classics. ISBN 0-543-92749-0. 
• John Bagnell Bury, A History of the Roman Empire from its Foundation to the death of Marcus Aurelius, 1913, ISBN 978-1-4367-3416-5
• Winston Churchill, A History of the English-Speaking Peoples, Cassell, 1998, ISBN 0-304-34912-7
• J. A. Crook, Law and Life of Rome, 90 BC–AD 212, 1967, ISBN 0-8014-9273-4
• Donald R. Dudley, The Civilization of Rome, 2nd ed., 1985, ISBN 0-452-01016-0
• Arther Ferrill, The Fall of the Roman Empire: The Military Explanation, Thames and Hudson, 1988, ISBN 0-500-27495-9
• Freeman, Charles (1999). The Greek Achievement: The Foundation of the Western World. New York: Penguin. ISBN 0-670-88515-0. 
• Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1776–1789
• Goldsworthy, Adrian. The Punic Wars, Cassell & Co, 2000, ISBN 0-304-35284-5
• Goldsworthy, Adrian. In the Name of Rome: The Men Who Won the Roman Empire, Weidenfield and Nicholson, 2003, ISBN 0-297-84666-3
• Goldsworthy, Adrian. The Complete Roman Army, Thames and Hudson, 2003, ISBN 0-500-05124-0
• Michael Grant, The History of Rome, Faber and Faber, 1993, ISBN 0-571-11461-X
• Benjamin Isaac, "The Limits of Empire: the Roman Army in the East" Oxford University Press, 1992, ISBN 0-19-814926-3
• Andrew Lintott, Imperium Romanum: Politics and administration, 1993, ISBN 0-415-09375-9
• Edward Luttwak, The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire, Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 0-8018-2158-4
• Reid, T. R. (1997). "The World According to Rome". National Geographic 192 (2): 54–83. http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/.  Archived 2007-12-11 di Wayback Machine
• Antonio Santosuosso, Storming the Heavens: Soldiers, Emperors and Civilians in the Roman Empire, Westview Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8133-3523-X

Pék paluruh émbaran nu leuwih loba ngeunaan Kakaisaran Romawi ku jalan nyungsi proyék sabaraya Wikipédia
	Définisi kamus ti Wiktionary
	Buku téks ti Wikibooks
	Cutatan ti Wikiquote
	Téks sumber ti Wikisource
	Gambar jeung média ti Commons
	Warta ti Wikinews
	Sumber pangajaran ti Wikiversity

• Adena, L. The 'Jesus Cult' and the Roman State in the Third Century Archived 2015-01-04 di Wayback Machine, Clio History Journal, 2008.
• Roman battlefield unearthed deep inside Germany
• BBC Romans for Children
• Classics Unveiled Archived 2012-03-05 di Wayback Machine
• Complete map of the Roman Empire in year 100 Archived 2010-05-19 di Wayback Machine
• Detailed history of the Roman Empire
• Historical Atlas (Swedish)
• Roman Numismatic Gallery
• The Celts and Romans
• The Roman Empire
• The Roman Empire in the First Century from PBS
• UNRV Roman History
• The Romans

Citakan:Ancient Rome topics Citakan:Roman history by territory Citakan:Territories with limited Roman Empire occupation & presence Citakan:Ancient Greek and Roman Wars Citakan:Empires Citakan:Former monarchies Italian peninsula

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