Acido Deoxyribonucleic

Le role principal de ADN molecules es memorar information de termo longe. ADN es comparate frequentemente con un set de cyanotypos, o un code, proque illo contine le instructiones necessari constructer altere componentes de cellulas, como proteines e molecules ARN (Acido Ribo-Nucleic). Le segmentes de ADN que supporta isto information genetic es nominate genes, ma altere sequences de ADN ha proposito structural, o es implicate in regulatate del uso de isto information genetic.

Acido deoxyribonucleic
instantia de: structural class of chemical entities[*]
subclasse de: nucleic acids[*], biopolymer[*], biological macromolecule[*]
parte de: mitochondrion[*], Genoma, nucleosome[*], DNA binding[*], DNA metabolic process[*], DNA catabolic process[*], DNA biosynthetic process[*], DNA transport[*], DNA transmembrane transporter activity[*], protein-DNA-RNA complex[*], protein-DNA complex[*], DNA import into cell involved in transformation[*], catalytic activity, acting on DNA[*], nucleo
Commons: DNA

ADN es composite, (in chimia organic) de duo longe polymeros de unitos simple nominate nucleotides.

 

ADN es un polymer longe composito de unitos que se repeta, nominate nucleotides. Le catena de ADN es 22 a 26 Ångströms large (2.2 to 2.6 nanometres), e uno nucleotide es 3.3 Å (0.33 nm) longe.

In le organismos vive, ADN no exista como un molecule solo, ma como un par de molecules associate stricte. Multiple nucleotide in ligamine, como in ADN, isto polymer es nominate polynucleotide.

Cannellaturas

 

Le helice duble es un spiral dextera.

 

ADN esseva primero isolate de le physician Switze Friedrich Miescher 1869, quando il discoperiva un substantia microscopic in le pure de bandages chirurgic. Proque il esseva discoperite in le nucleo del cellula, il lo nominava ille "nuclein".

In 1919, Phoebus Levene discoperiva le unitate basic del ADN, le nucleotide In le annos 1950, Edwin Chargaff discoperiva que le amonta de thymine (T) esse casi equivilante al amonta del adenine (A); per isto, il discoperiva que le mesmo occure con guanine (G) e cytosine (C).

Un annos postea in 1952, un scientista britannic, Rosalind Franklin, studiava crystallos de DNA - specialmente, su diffraction de radios X. Con iste imagines e con communicationes private con Chargaff, James Watson e Francis Crick sugeriva que hodie esse reguardava como le prime modello correcte del structura helical duple de ADN. Con Maurice Wilkins, cuje labor supportava le hypothese de Watson e Crick, illos ganiava le Premio Nobel pro physiologia o medicina in 1962. (Franklin esseva considerate un pionero equal, ma ille moriva in 1958 per cancere ovarian, e le premio nobel non esse acccordate postumemente.)

Le final discoperatura in le analyse de DNA esseva le labor facite per Khorana, Holley e Nirenberg. Per le discoperatura per Crick que le codice genetic esseva basate in triplettos de bases, nominate "codon", Khorana, Holley, e Nirenberg discoperiva lo pro que le codones codiva; iste esseva le initio de biologia molecular.

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