ipa For German

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Consonants
IPA Examples English approximation
b Ball ball
ç ich, durch hue
d dann done
f Fass fuss
ɡ Gast guest
h hat hut
j ja yard
k kalt cold
l Last last
m Mast must
n Naht not
ŋ lang long
p Pakt pack
pf Pfahl p + f
ʁ Rast like a French R
ʀ like a French R
r like an Italian R
s Hast fast
ʃ schal, Stein shall
t Tal tall
ts Zahl cats
Matsch match
v was vast
x Bach loch (Scottish)
z Hase hose
ʔ beamtet
([bəˈʔamtət])
the glottal stop in uh-oh!
Non-native consonants
Dschungel jungle
ʒ Genie beige, Zsa Zsa
Stress
ˈ Bahnhofstraße
([ˈbaːnhoːfˌʃtʁaːsə])
as in ˈbattleˌship
ˌ
Vowels
IPA Examples English approximation
Monophthongs
a Dach bra (but shorter)
Bahn bra
Beet face
ɛ Bett, hätte bed
ɛː wähle as above but longer; like RP English bared
viel meet
ɪ bist sit
Boot bone
ɔ Post caught (but shorter)
øː Öl somewhat like hurl; French deux
œ göttlich somewhat like hurt; French sœur
Hut true
ʊ Putz took
Rübe French rue
ʏ füllt somewhat like the above
Diphthongs
weit tie
Haut how
ɔʏ Heu, Räuber boy
Reduced vowels
ɐ Ober fun
ə halte comma
Semivowels
ɐ̯ Uhr fun
Studie studio
aktuell actual
Non-native vowels
e Methan (short [eː])
i vital city (short [iː])
o Moral (short [oː])
ø Ökonom (short [øː])
u kulant (short [uː])
y Psychologie (short [yː])
ã Pensee (nasalized [a])
ãː Gourmand (long nasalized [a])
ɛ̃ timbrieren (nasalized [ɛ])
ɛ̃ː Teint (long nasalized [ɛ])
ɔ̃ Fondue (nasalized [ɔ])
ɔ̃ː Fond (long nasalized)
œ̃ Lundist (nasalized [œ])
œ̃ː Parfum (long nasalized [œ])

Notes

Bibliography

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