Cite Web

This شیوه یادکرد ۱ template is used to create citations for web sources that are not characterized by another CS1 template.

Cite Web توضیحات الگو
شیوه یادکرد ۱ templates
{{Cite arXiv}}آرکایو (بایگانی نوشتارهای علمی) preprint
{{Cite AV media}}audio and visual
{{Cite AV media notes}}audio and visual liner notes
{{Cite book}}books
{{Cite conference}}conference papers
{{Cite DVD notes}}DVD liner notes
{{Cite encyclopedia}}edited collections
{{Cite episode}}radio or television episodes
{{Cite interview}}interviews
{{Cite journal}}magazines, journals, academic papers
{{Cite mailing list}}public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}maps
{{Cite news}}news articles
{{Cite newsgroup}}online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}audio or video podcast
{{Cite press release}}press releases
{{Cite serial}}audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}signs, plaques
{{Cite speech}}speeches
{{Cite techreport}}technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}theses
{{Cite web}}web sources

استفاده

Copy a blank version to use. All parameter names must be in lowercase. Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Delete unused parameters to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples may include the current date. If the date is not current, then purge the page.

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format

For references with author credit

    {{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |website= |publisher= |accessdate=}}

For references without author credit

    {{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |website= |publisher= |accessdate=}}
Full parameter set in horizontal format
    {{cite web |url= |title= |last= |first= |author= |authorlink= |last2= |first2= |author2= |authorlink2= |date= |year= |editor-last= |editor-first= |editor= |editor-link= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editors= |website= |series= |publisher= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans-title= |type= |format= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi_brokendate= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |deadurl= |accessdate= |quote= |ref= |separator= |postscript= |subscription= |registration=}}
Full parameter set in vertical format
Vertical list Prerequisites Brief instructions / notes
{{cite web | url           = | title         = | last1         = | first1        = | authorlink1   = | last2         = | first2        = | authorlink2   = | date          = | year          = | editor-last   = | editor-first  = | editor        = | editor-link   = | editor1-last  = | editor1-first = | editor1-link  = | editor2-last  = | editor2-first = | editor2-link  = | editors       = | website       = | series        = | publisher     = | location      = | page          = | pages         = | at            = | language      = | trans-title   = | type          = | format        = | arxiv         = | asin          = | bibcode       = | doi           = | doi_brokendate= | isbn          = | issn          = | jfm           = | jstor         = | lccn          = | mr            = | oclc          = | ol            = | osti          = | pmc           = | pmid          = | rfc           = | ssrn          = | zbl           = | id            = | archive-url   = | archive-date  = | deadurl       = | accessdate    = | quote         = | ref           = | separator     = | postscript    = | subscription  = | registration  = }} 
                                                                                                          | url= | archive-url= | archive-url= | url=             
                                                                                                                              
  • If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.
Most commonly used parameters in vertical format
{{cite web | url        = | title      = | last       = | first      = | date       = | website    = | publisher  = | accessdate = }} 

Examples

  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
      Doe, John (30 April 2005). "My Favorite Things, Part II". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |date=30 April 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |date=30 April 2005 |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.nfl.com/rulebook/digestofrules |title=Digest of Rules |publisher=National Football League |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
    Using format
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.indiapost.gov.in/Pdf/Customs/List_of_Psychotropic_Substances.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |publisher=International Narcotics Control Board |format=PDF |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
    Foreign language and translated title
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Honi soit qui mal y pense |last=Joliet |first=François |date=30 April 2005 |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴ |language=French |trans-title=Shame on those who think evil}}
      Joliet, François (30 April 2005). "Honi soit qui mal y pense" [Shame on those who think evil] (به فرانسوی). Retrieved 22 April 2024.
    Using authorlink
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |authorlink=John Doe |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Our Favorite Things |last1=Doe |first1=John |last2=Smith |first2=Peter |last3=Smythe |first3=Jim |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
      Doe, John; Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim (30 April 2005). "Our Favorite Things". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |publisher=Open Publishing |date=30 April 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |date=30 April 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Index of Sharp Things |date=30 April 2005 |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |date=30 April 2005 |format=PDF |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴ |language=Greek}}
    Using "archiveurl" and "archivedate" (and optionally "deadurl") for webpages that have been archived
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |title=List of psychotropic substances under international control |date=30 April 2005 |format=PDF |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴ |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20050907150136/http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf |archivedate=7 September 2005}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi?archive=currnews&story=20060405-01shore.htm |title=Interview with Maggie Downs |date=31 March 2006 |publisher=The Desert Sun |archiveurl=http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:JAxf4v-pQmgJ:joanjettbadrep.com/cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi%3Farchive%3Dcurrnews%26story%3D20060405-01shore.htm |archivedate=26 April 2006 |deadurl=no}}
  • {{Cite web |url=http://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/03772.html |title=London, United Kingdom Forecast : Weather Underground (weather and elevation at Heathrow Airport) |publisher=The Weather Underground, Inc. |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴ | archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5yo0HaAk7 |archivedate=19 May 2011| deadurl=no}}
    Using quote
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html |title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea |website=WebExhibits |year=2008 |accessdate=۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۲۴ |quote=... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...'}}

Parameters

Syntax

Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

  • parent
  • OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent
    • child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
    • OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)
    Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.). This can be an issue when the last field uses an abbreviation or initial that ends with a period, as then two periods will display (..). The only solution is to not include the last period in the value for the set of fields.

COinS

This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing نرم‌افزار مدیریت مرجع to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See: Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

  • Use |date=27 September 2007 not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)

Use of templates within the citation template, is generally discouraged as many of these templates will add a lot of extraneous HTML or CSS that will be rendered in the metadata.

COinS metadata is created for these parameters:

  • |periodical=, |journal=, |newspaper=, |magazine=, |work=, |website=, |encyclopedia=, |encyclopaedia=, |dictionary=
  • |chapter=, |contribution=, |entry=, |article=, |section=
  • |title=
  • |publicationplace=, |publication-place=
  • |date=, |year=, |publicationdate=, |publication-date=
  • |series=
  • |volume=
  • |issue=, |number=
  • |page=, |pages=, |at=
  • |edition=
  • |publisher=, |distributor=, |institution=
  • |url=
  • |chapterurl=, |chapter-url=, |contributionurl=, |contribution-url=, |sectionurl=
  • |author#=, |Author#=, |authors#=, |author#-last=, |author-last#=, |last#=, |surname#=
  • any of the identifiers (|isbn=, |issn=, |doi=, |pmc=, etc)

Deprecated

The following parameters are deprecated and will no longer work. Their use will place the page into Category:Pages containing cite templates with deprecated parameters:

  • access-date · accessday · accessdaymonth · accessed · accessmonth · accessmonthday · accessyear: Use accessdate to include the full date of access.
  • day: Use date to include the day, month and year.
  • dateformat · doilabel: These parameters are no longer supported.

Description

Authors

  • last: Surname of author. Do not wikilink—use authorlink instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: last1, author, authors, author1.
    • first: Given or first names of author, including title(s); for example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use authorlink instead. Aliases: first1.
    • OR: for multiple authors, use last1, first1 through lastn, firstn where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors. By default, if nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and "et al." will show in place of the last author. See the display parameters to change. Aliases: author1 through authorn.
    • authorlink: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: authorlink1, author-link, author1-link, author1link.
    • OR: for multiple authors, use authorlink1 through authorlinkn. Aliases: author1-link through authorn-link.
  • coauthors: (deprecated) Names of coauthors. Requires author, authors, or lastn Include coauthors in authors or use separate authorn or lastn/firstn to list coauthors.
  • others: To record other contributors to the work, such as Illustrated by John Smith or Translated by John Smith.
    When using Shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field or else the anchor will not match the inline link.

Title

  • title: Title of source page on website; can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes.
    Titles containing certain characters will display and link incorrectly unless those characters are encoded.
newline [ ] |
space [ ] |
    • trans_title: If the source cited is in a foreign language, an English translation of the title can be given here. The template will display this in square brackets after the work field and it will link to the url field, if used. Use of the language parameter is recommended.
    This parameter is required and will generate an error if not defined. On errors, main, help and template pages are placed into Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax. Set |template doc demo=true to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated.
  • website: Title of website; may be wikilinked. Displays in italics. Aliases: work
  • type: Provides additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, CD liner, Press release.
  • language: The language the source is written in, if not English. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name. Use the full language name or فهرست کدهای ایزو ۶۳۹-۱ code; use of ISO 639-1 also adds appropriate language categorization; do not use icons or templates.

Date

  • date: Date of source being referenced. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Required when year is used to disambiguate {{sfn}} links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.[more]. Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.
  • OR:
    • year: Year of source being referenced. Required with some types of {{sfn}} citations;[more] otherwise use date.
    • month: (deprecated) Name of the month or season of publication. Use date instead.
    • origyear: Original publication year; displays after the date or year. For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: |origyear=First published 1859 or |origyear=Composed 1904.

Publisher

  • publisher: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. Not normally included for periodicals. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc" or "GmbH" are not usually included. Displays after title.
  • place: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the location; examples: The Boston Globe, The Times of India. Displays after the title; if work is defined, then location is enclosed in parentheses. Alias: location
  • publication-place: If any one of publication-place, place or location are defined, then the location shows after the title; if publication-place and place or location are defined, then place or location are shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and publication-place is shown after the title.
  • publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined, then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.

Series

  • series or version: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted. Alias: agency.

In-source locations

  • page: Page in the source that supports the content. Displays preceded with p. unless |nopp=y.
  • OR: pages: Pages in the source that supports the content; separate page ranges with an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded with pp. unless |nopp=y. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use |at=.
    • nopp: Set to y to suppress the p. or pp. notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where |page=Front cover.
  • OR: at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by |page= or |pages=.
    Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.

URL

  • url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon.com. See: ویکی‌پدیا:شیوه ارجاع به منابع.
    • accessdate: Full date when original URL was accessed; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. Do not wikilink. Not required for web pages or linked documents that do not change; mainly for use of web pages that change frequently or have no publication date. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors.
    • archiveurl: The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like WebCite (see: Wikipedia:Using WebCite) and بایگانی اینترنتی (see: Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine); requires archivedate.
      • archivedate: Date when the original URL was archived; preceded by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. Do not wikilink.
      • deadurl: When the URL is still live, but preemptively archived, then set |deadurl=no. This changes the display order with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end.
    • template doc demo: The archive parameters will be error checked to ensure that all the required parameters are included, or else {{citation error}} is invoked. With errors, main, help and template pages are placed into Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax. Set |template doc demo=true to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated.
  • format: Format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. HTML is implied and should not be specified. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.
    URLs must begin with a supported یوآرآی. http:// and https:// will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto: and news: will require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. پروتکل اینترنت نسخه ۶ host-names are currently not supported.
    If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be کدبندی درصدی. For example, a space must be replaced by %20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:
sp " ' < > [ ] | }
%20 %22 %27 %3c %3e %5b %5d %7c %7d
    Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.

Anchor

  • ref: ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value |ref=ID generates an anchor with the given ID; such a linkable reference can be made the target of wikilinks to full references, especially useful in short citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value |ref=harv generates an anchor suitable for the {{harv}} template. See: Anchors for Harvard referencing templates.

Identifiers

  • id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable.

These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier.

Quote

  • quote: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote needs to include terminating punctuation.

Editors

  • editor-last: Surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use editor-last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: editor1-last, editor, editors, editorn.
    • editor-first: Given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Aliases: editor1-first.
    • OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-last, editor1-first through editorn-last, editorn-first.
    • editor-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: editor1-link.
    • OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-link through editorn-link.
    Display:
      If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.
      If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."; exactly four editors will show three editors followed by "et al., eds."

Laysummary

  • layurl: URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary". Aliases: laysummary.
    • laysource: Name of the source of the laysummary. Displays in italics and preceded by an endash.
    • laydate: Date of the summary. Displays in parentheses.

Display options

  • author-mask: Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text. Set author-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set author-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially. Do not use in a list generated by {{reflist}}, or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed.
  • author-name-separator: Controls the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space (, ); if the parameter is present, but blank, separator punctuation is set to the default; a space must be encoded as .
  • author-separator: Controls the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space (; ); if the parameter is present, but blank, separator punctuation is set to the default; a space must be encoded as .
  • display-authors: Controls the number of author names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of authors, set display-authors to the desired number. For example, |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, all authors are displayed except when there are nine authors, then the author list in the citation is truncated to eight authors, followed by "et al." This exception mimics the older version of the template for compatibility. If a citation contains nine author names and one wishes all nine author names to display, "et al." may be suppressed by setting |display-authors=9. Aliases: displayauthors.
  • display-editors: Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example, |display-editors=2 will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed except when there are four editors, then the editor list in the citation is truncated to three editors, followed by "et al." This exception mimics the older version of the template for compatibility. If a citation contains four editor names and one wishes all four editor names to display, "et al." may be suppressed by setting |display-editors=4. Aliases: displayeditors.
  • lastauthoramp: Switches the separator between the last two names of the author list to space ampersand space ( & ) when set to any value. Example: |lastauthoramp=yes
  • postscript: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none – leaving |postscript= empty has the same effect but is ambiguous. Ignored if quote is defined.
  • separator: Controls the punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc. Defaults to a period (.); if the parameter is present, but blank, separator punctuation is set to the default; a space must be encoded as .

Subscription or registration required

These parameters add a link note to the end of the citation:

  • registration: For online sources that require registration, set |registration=yes; superseded by subscription if both are set.
  • subscription: For online sources that require a subscription, set |subscription=yes; supersedes registration if both are set.

TemplateData

این، توضیحاتِ الگوداده است که توسط TemplateWizard، ویرایشگر دیداری و دیگر ابزارها استفاده می‌شود. گزارش خطای ماهیانه برای این الگو را ببینید.

الگوداده Cite web

Formats a citation to a website using the provided information such as URL and title. Used only for sources that are not correctly described by the specific citation templates for books, journals, news sources, etc.

پارامترهای الگوویرایش داده‌های الگو

پارامترتوضیحاتنوعوضعیت
URLurl

The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found

    رشتهضروری
    Source titletitle

    The title of the source page on the website; will display with quotation marks added

      رشتهضروری
      Source datedate

      Full date when the source was published; if unknown, use accessdate instead; do not wikilink

        رشتهپیشنهادشده
        URL access dateaccessdate

        The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink

          رشتهپیشنهادشده
          Website titlewebsite work

          Title of the website; may be wikilinked; will display in italics

            رشتهپیشنهادشده
            Publisherpublisher

            Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked

              رشتهپیشنهادشده
              Last namelast last1 author author1 authors

              The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

                خطپیشنهادشده
                First namefirst first1

                Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

                  خطپیشنهادشده
                  Author linkauthorlink authorlink1 author-link author1-link

                  Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

                    نام صفحهاختیاری
                    Last namelast2 author2

                    The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'.

                      خطاختیاری
                      First namefirst2

                      Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink.

                        خطاختیاری
                        Author linkauthorlink2 author2-link

                        Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author.

                          نام صفحهاختیاری
                          Othersothers

                          Used to record other (non-author) contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'

                            رشتهاختیاری
                            Month of publicationmonth

                            Name of the month of publication; do not wikilink; use 'date' instead, if day of month is also known

                              رشتهاختیاری
                              Year of publicationyear

                              Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known

                                رشتهاختیاری
                                Original yearorigyear

                                Original year of publication; provide specifics

                                  رشتهاختیاری
                                  Editor last nameeditor-last

                                  The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor', and 'editors'

                                    خطاختیاری
                                    Editor first nameeditor-first

                                    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'

                                      خطاختیاری
                                      Editor linkeditor-link editor1-link

                                      Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors

                                        نام صفحهاختیاری
                                        Series identifierseries

                                        Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal

                                          رشتهاختیاری
                                          Location of publicationlocation

                                          Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'

                                            رشتهاختیاری
                                            Place of publicationpublication-place

                                            Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'

                                              رشتهاختیاری
                                              Publication datepublication-date

                                              Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink

                                                رشتهاختیاری
                                                Pagepage

                                                Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'

                                                  رشتهاختیاری
                                                  Pagespages

                                                  Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.'

                                                    رشتهاختیاری
                                                    No ppnopp

                                                    Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')

                                                      رشتهاختیاری
                                                      Atat

                                                      May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient

                                                        رشتهاختیاری
                                                        Languagelanguage

                                                        The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates

                                                          رشتهاختیاری
                                                          Translated titletrans_title

                                                          An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended

                                                            رشتهاختیاری
                                                            Typetype

                                                            Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case

                                                              رشتهاختیاری
                                                              Formatformat

                                                              Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML

                                                                رشتهاختیاری
                                                                arXiv identifierarxiv

                                                                An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers

                                                                  رشتهاختیاری
                                                                  AZINasin

                                                                  Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters

                                                                    رشتهاختیاری
                                                                    AZIN TLDasin-tld

                                                                    ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US

                                                                      رشتهاختیاری
                                                                      Bibcodebibcode

                                                                      Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters

                                                                        رشتهاختیاری
                                                                        DOIdoi

                                                                        Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'

                                                                          رشتهاختیاری
                                                                          DOI broken datedoi_brokendate

                                                                          The date that the DOI was determined to be broken

                                                                            رشتهاختیاری
                                                                            ISBNisbn

                                                                            International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible

                                                                              رشتهاختیاری
                                                                              ISSNissn

                                                                              International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen

                                                                                رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                jfm codejfm

                                                                                Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code

                                                                                  رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                  JSTORjstor

                                                                                  JSTOR identifier

                                                                                    رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                    LCCNlccn

                                                                                    Library of Congress Control Number

                                                                                      رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                      MRmr

                                                                                      Mathematical Reviews identifier

                                                                                        رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                        OCLCoclc

                                                                                        Online Computer Library Center number

                                                                                          رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                          OLol

                                                                                          Open Library identifier

                                                                                            رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                            OSTIosti

                                                                                            Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier

                                                                                              رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                              PMCpmc

                                                                                              PubMed Center article number

                                                                                                رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                PMIDpmid

                                                                                                PubMed Unique Identifier

                                                                                                  رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                  RFCrfc

                                                                                                  Request for Comments number

                                                                                                    رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                    SSRNssrn

                                                                                                    Social Science Research Network

                                                                                                      رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                      Zblzbl

                                                                                                      Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier

                                                                                                        رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                        idid

                                                                                                        A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable

                                                                                                          رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                          Archive URLarchiveurl

                                                                                                          The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate'

                                                                                                            رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                            Archive datearchivedate

                                                                                                            Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink

                                                                                                              رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                              Dead URLdeadurl

                                                                                                              If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live

                                                                                                                رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                Quotequote

                                                                                                                Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation

                                                                                                                  رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                  Refref

                                                                                                                  An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv template

                                                                                                                    رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                    Separatorseparator

                                                                                                                    The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc.; a space must be encoded as do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark

                                                                                                                      پیش‌فرض
                                                                                                                      .
                                                                                                                    رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                    Postscriptpostscript

                                                                                                                    The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined

                                                                                                                      پیش‌فرض
                                                                                                                      .
                                                                                                                    رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                    Lay URLlayurl

                                                                                                                    URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; alias of 'laysummary'

                                                                                                                      رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                      Lay sourcelaysource

                                                                                                                      Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash

                                                                                                                        رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                        Lay datelaydate

                                                                                                                        Date of the summary; displays in parentheses

                                                                                                                          رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                          Author maskauthor-mask

                                                                                                                          Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

                                                                                                                            رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                            Last namelast3 author3

                                                                                                                            The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'.

                                                                                                                              خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                              First namefirst3

                                                                                                                              Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.

                                                                                                                                خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                Author linkauthorlink3 author3-link

                                                                                                                                Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.

                                                                                                                                  نام صفحهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                  Last namelast4 author4

                                                                                                                                  The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'.

                                                                                                                                    خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                    First namefirst4

                                                                                                                                    Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink.

                                                                                                                                      خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                      Author linkauthorlink4 author4-link

                                                                                                                                      Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.

                                                                                                                                        نام صفحهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                        Last namelast5 author5

                                                                                                                                        The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'.

                                                                                                                                          خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                          First namefirst5

                                                                                                                                          Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.

                                                                                                                                            خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                            Author linkauthorlink5 author5-link

                                                                                                                                            Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.

                                                                                                                                              نام صفحهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                              Last namelast6 author6

                                                                                                                                              The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'.

                                                                                                                                                خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                First namefirst6 author6-link

                                                                                                                                                Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.

                                                                                                                                                  خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                  Author linkauthorlink6

                                                                                                                                                  Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.

                                                                                                                                                    نام صفحهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                    Last namelast7 author7

                                                                                                                                                    The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'.

                                                                                                                                                      خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                      First namefirst7

                                                                                                                                                      Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.

                                                                                                                                                        خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                        Author linkauthorlink7 author7-link

                                                                                                                                                        Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.

                                                                                                                                                          نام صفحهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                          Last namelast8 author8

                                                                                                                                                          The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'.

                                                                                                                                                            خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                            First namefirst8

                                                                                                                                                            Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.

                                                                                                                                                              خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                              Author linkauthorlink8 author8-link

                                                                                                                                                              Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.

                                                                                                                                                                نام صفحهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                Last namelast9 author9

                                                                                                                                                                The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.

                                                                                                                                                                  خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                  First namefirst9

                                                                                                                                                                  Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.

                                                                                                                                                                    خطاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                    Author linkauthorlink9 author9-link

                                                                                                                                                                    Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.

                                                                                                                                                                      نام صفحهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                      Author name separatorauthor-name-separator

                                                                                                                                                                      Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark

                                                                                                                                                                        پیش‌فرض
                                                                                                                                                                        ,
                                                                                                                                                                      رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                      Author separatorauthor-separator

                                                                                                                                                                      Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark

                                                                                                                                                                        پیش‌فرض
                                                                                                                                                                        ;
                                                                                                                                                                      رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                      Display authorsdisplay-authors displayauthors

                                                                                                                                                                      Number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used; default is to do so after 8 of 9 are listed.

                                                                                                                                                                        پیش‌فرض
                                                                                                                                                                        8
                                                                                                                                                                      شمارهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                      Last author ampersandlastauthoramp

                                                                                                                                                                      When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space'

                                                                                                                                                                        رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription requiredsubscription

                                                                                                                                                                        When set to yes, displays “(subscription required)” to indicate an online source that requires subscription

                                                                                                                                                                          رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                          Registration requiredregistration

                                                                                                                                                                          When set to yes, displays “(registration required)” to indicate an online source that requires registration

                                                                                                                                                                            رشتهاختیاری
                                                                                                                                                                            Editionedition

                                                                                                                                                                            Specify the edition or revision of the source, when applicable. For example: '2nd' or '5.1'. What you supply here is suffixed by ' ed.'

                                                                                                                                                                              رشتهاختیاری

                                                                                                                                                                              See also

                                                                                                                                                                              This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.

                                                                                                                                                                              Tags:

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