The voiced labial–velar nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.
The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ŋ͡m⟩.
Voiced labial–velar nasal | |
---|---|
ŋ͡m | |
IPA Number | 119 (114) |
Audio sample | |
Encoding | |
Entity (decimal) | ŋ͡m |
Unicode (hex) | U+014B U+0361 U+006D |
X-SAMPA | Nm |
The labial–velar nasal is found in West and Central Africa and eastern New Guinea, as well as in certain contexts in Vietnamese.
Features of the voiced labial–velar nasal:
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dangme | Dangme | [daŋ͡me] | 'Dangme' | ||
Igala | ñmọ | [ŋ͡mɔ̄] | 'to drink' | Allophone of /m/. See Igala Phonology | |
Vietnamese | đúng | [ɗuŋ͡m] | 'correct' | Allophone of /ŋ/ after /u, o, ɔ/. See Vietnamese phonology | |
Yele | ngmo | [ŋ͡mɔ] | 'breast' | Contrasts /n̪, n̠, n̠ʲ, ŋ, ŋʷ, ŋʲ, n̪͡m, n̠͡m, ŋ͡m/. |
Some languages, especially in Vanuatu, combine this labial–velar nasal with a labial–velar approximant release, hence [ŋ͡mʷ].
In the Banks Islands languages which have it, the phoneme /ŋ͡mʷ/ is written ⟨m̄⟩ in local orthographies, using a macron on the corresponding bilabial. In other languages of Vanuatu further south (such as South Efate, or Lenakel), the same segment is spelled ⟨m̃⟩ with a combining tilde.
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dorig | m̄sar | [ŋ͡mʷsar] | 'poor' | Realized with an approximant release. | |
Lakon | um̄ä | [uŋ͡mʷæ] | 'house' | ||
Lenakel | noanəm̃ɨk | [noanəŋ͡mʷɨk] | 'egg yolk' | ||
Mwesen | tam̄sar | [taŋ͡mʷsar] | 'person' |
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