Sumy Oblast (Ukrainian: Сумська́ о́бласть, romanized: Sumska oblast), also known as Sumshchyna (Су́мщина), is an oblast (province) in northeast Ukraine.
This article may be a rough translation from another language. It may have been generated, in whole or in part, by a computer or by a translator without dual proficiency. (April 2023) |
The oblast was created in its most recent form, from the merging of raions from Kharkiv Oblast, Chernihiv Oblast, and Poltava Oblast in 1939 by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.
Sumy Oblast Сумська область | |
---|---|
Sumska oblast | |
Nickname: Сумщина (Sumshchyna) | |
Country | Ukraine |
Administrative center | Sumy |
Government | |
• Governor | Volodymyr Artyukh |
• Oblast council | 64 seats |
• Chairperson | Volodymyr Tokar |
Area | |
• Total | 23,834 km2 (9,202 sq mi) |
• Rank | Ranked 16th |
Population (2022) | |
• Total | 1,035,772 |
• Rank | Ranked 19th |
GDP | |
• Total | ₴ 105 billion (€2.726 billion) |
• Per capita | ₴ 100,760 (€2,609) |
Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
Postal code | |
Area code | +380-54 |
ISO 3166 code | UA-59 |
Raions | 18 |
Cities (total) | 15 |
• Regional cities | 7 |
Urban-type settlements | 20 |
Villages | 1492 |
FIPS 10-4 | UP21 |
Website | sorada.gov.ua |
The estimated population is 1,035,772 (2022 estimate).
The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Sumy. Other important cities within the oblast include Konotop, Okhtyrka, Romny, and Shostka. The oblast has a heavy mix of agriculture and industry, with over 600 industrial locations. Importantly, seven rivers pass through the oblast.
The Sumy Oblast is situated in the northeastern part of Ukraine. It is situated on a border of two historical regions of Ukraine — the Cossack Hetmanate and Sloboda Ukraine. Elevation is 110–240 m above sea level. Its area (23,800 km2) constitutes 3.95% of the country.
The oblast borders the oblasts of Bryansk (Russia) on the northeast, Kursk and Belgorod (Russia) on the east, Kharkiv on the southeast, Poltava on the south, and Chernihiv on the west.
Seven main rivers flow through the oblast, with Desna River being the largest.
The Sumy Oblast contains 168 objects and territories of natural reserve. The oblast is rich in picturesque banks of numerous rivers, and sources of mineral waters. Major environmental problems are: soil erosion, pesticide pollution, air and water pollution. The city has a problem of garbage utilization. The only place for pesticide utilization in Ukraine[citation needed] is Shostka, Sumy Oblast.
The region was created on the ukase of Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union on 10 January 1939 as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. The newly created Sumy Oblast included 12 former raions of Kharkiv Oblast, 17 former raions of Chernihiv Oblast, and 2 former raions of Poltava Oblast.
During World War II in 1941–43, it was occupied by Nazi Germany under administration of the German Wehrmacht. After the German forces were driven out, the Soviet Union regained control of the region under jurisdiction of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.
In 1965 one of former Chernihiv Oblast raions (Talalaivka Raion) was returned to Chernihiv Oblast.
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine the Sumy Oblast was one of the first regions where Russian and Ukrainian forces clashed. Parts of the oblast came under Russian occupation during the invasion. On 4 April 2022 Governor of Sumy Oblast Dmytro Zhyvytskyi stated that Russian troops no longer occupied any towns or villages in Sumy Oblast and had mostly withdrawn, while Ukrainian troops were working to push out the remaining units. On 8 April 2022 Zhyvytskyi stated that all Russian troops had left Sumy Oblast.
The following historic-cultural sited were nominated for the Seven Wonders of Ukraine.
It comprises 5 raions (districts) that are further subdivided into 51 territorial hromadas (communities).
The following data incorporates the number of each type of administrative divisions of the Sumy Oblast:
The local administration of the oblast is controlled by the Sumy Oblast council. The governor of the oblast (chairman of state regional administration) is appointed by the President of Ukraine.
At the 2001 census, the ethnic groups within the Sumy Oblast were: 88.8% Ukrainians, 9.4% Russians. A major Russian subethnicity in the region is the Goryuns.
The main industrial activities of the oblast are: chemical mechanical engineering, pumping and energy mechanical engineering, agricultural machine-construction, instrument-making industry and radio electronics, technical equipment production for processing fields of agro-industrial complexes, mining and iron ore production industry, polygraph industry and medicine production, oil and gas processing, chemical production, film and photo material production (See: Svema), and chemical fertilizer production. In general, there are 273 large industry enterprises and 327 small industry enterprises.
In 1999, the gross grain yield was about 446,000 tons, sugar beets – 664,000 tons, sunflower seeds – 27,700 tons, potatoes – 343,600 tons. The region also produced 108,700 tons of meat, 517,800 tons of milk and 295,300,000 eggs. At the beginning of 1999, there were 781 registered farms in the oblast.
Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially referred to as "oblast centers" (Ukrainian: обласний центр, translit. oblasnyi tsentr). The name of each oblast is a relative adjective, formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Sumy is the center of the Sums’ka oblast (Sumy Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Sumy Oblast, Sumshchyna.
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