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Bomb-damaged buildings in Belgrade in April 1941

Operation Retribution (German: Unternehmen Strafgericht), also known as Operation Punishment, was the April 1941 German bombing of Belgrade, the capital of Yugoslavia, in retaliation for the coup d'état that overthrew the government that had signed the Tripartite Pact. The bombing occurred in the first days of the German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia during World War II. The Royal Yugoslav Army Air Force (VVKJ) had only 77 modern fighter aircraft available to defend Belgrade against the hundreds of German fighters and bombers that struck in the first wave early on 6 April. Three days prior, VVKJ Major Vladimir Kren had defected to the Germans, disclosing the locations of multiple military assets and divulging the VVKJ's codes.

Three more waves of bombers attacked Belgrade on 6 April, and more attacks followed in subsequent days. The attacks resulted in the paralysis of Yugoslav civilian and military command and control, the widespread destruction of Belgrade's infrastructure, and many civilian casualties. The ground invasion had begun a few hours earlier, and air attacks were also made on VVKJ airfields and other strategic targets across Yugoslavia. Among the non-military targets struck during the bombing were the National Library of Serbia, which burned to the ground with the loss of hundreds of thousands of books and manuscripts, and the Belgrade Zoo. (Full article...)

Serbia news

Did you know...

  • ... that the Flag of FR Yugoslavia was the last national flag in Europe to have a red star removed from it?
  • ... that the name of Serbian Roma female rap group Pretty Loud was inspired by the popular notion that Roma women are not typically very loud?
  • ... that Serbian actress Branka Veselinović, whose career started in 1938, still performs aged 102?
  • ... that Serbian landowner Marija Trandafil spent a single day hungry, but she remembered the experience and became a major philanthropist in Novi Sad?
  • ... that the series of protests that led to the 2021 North Kosovo crisis was caused by a ban on Serbian license plates from the Kosovan Government?
  • ... that bishop Nikolaj Velimirović called Sevastijan Dabović the greatest Serbian missionary of modern times?

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WikiProject Countries • WikiProject Europe

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serbia
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WikiProject Belgrade • WikiProject Cultural Heritage of Serbia

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Demographics

    Population statistics of Serbia (2011 census)
  • Serbia 7,186,862
    • Belgrade region 1,659,440
    • Vojvodina region 1,931,809
    • Šumadija and West Serbia region 2,031,697
    • South and East Serbia region 1,563,916
    • Kosovo and Metohija n/a

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  • writing new articles and identifying those needing creation
  • improving articles and identifying those needing improvement
  • undertaking project maintenance – help adding project templates to article and category talk pages – see templates page
    • identifying relevant articles and add {{WikiProject Serbia}} to their talk page.
    • assessing articles for quality and assessment standards – see the assessment page.
    • assessing and recommending resources (online and print) – see the resources page.
  • contributing to the Serbia portal – see the Serbia portal
  • communicating with project members – at the project talk page
  • add missing images – see also Category:Wikipedia requested photographs in Serbia
  • inviting potential members – add {{WPSRB Invite}} to their talk pages.

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serbia
A Serbian Orthodox icon of Prince Jovan Vladimir, who was recognized as a saint shortly after his death

Jovan Vladimir or John Vladimir (Serbian Cyrillic: Јован Владимир; c. 990 – 22 May 1016) was the ruler of Duklja, the most powerful Serbian principality of the time, from around 1000 to 1016. He ruled during the protracted war between the Byzantine Empire and the Bulgarian Empire. Vladimir was acknowledged as a pious, just, and peaceful ruler. He is recognized as a martyr and saint, with his feast day being celebrated on 22 May.

Jovan Vladimir had a close relationship with Byzantium but this did not save Duklja from the expansionist Tsar Samuel of Bulgaria, who conquered the principality around 1010 and took Vladimir prisoner. A medieval chronicle asserts that Samuel's daughter, Theodora Kosara, fell in love with Vladimir and begged her father for his hand. The tsar allowed the marriage and returned Duklja to Vladimir, who ruled as his vassal. Vladimir took no part in his father-in-law's war efforts. The warfare culminated with Tsar Samuel's defeat by the Byzantines in 1014 and death soon after. In 1016, Vladimir fell victim to a plot by Ivan Vladislav, the last ruler of the First Bulgarian Empire. He was beheaded in front of a church in Prespa, the empire's capital, and was buried there. He was soon recognized as a martyr and saint. His widow, Kosara, reburied him in the Prečista Krajinska Church, near his court in southeastern Duklja. In 1381, his remains were preserved in the Church of St Jovan Vladimir near Elbasan, and since 1995 they have been kept in the Orthodox cathedral of Tirana, Albania. The saint's remains are considered Christian relics, and attract many believers, especially on his feast day, when the relics are taken to the church near Elbasan for a celebration. (Full article...)

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