Macarthur Fellows Program The MacArthur Fellows Program, also known as the MacArthur Fellowship and colloquially called the Genius Grant, is a prize awarded annually by the John D.
and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to typically between 20 and 30 individuals working in any field who have shown "extraordinary originality and dedication in their creative pursuits and a marked capacity for self-direction" and are citizens or residents of the United States .
According to the foundation's website, "the fellowship is not a reward for past accomplishments but rather an investment in a person's originality, insight, and potential", but it also says such potential is "based on a track record of significant accomplishments". The current prize is $800,000 paid over five years in quarterly installments. Previously, it was $625,000. This figure was increased from $500,000 in 2013 with the release of a review of the MacArthur Fellows Program. The award has been called "one of the most significant awards that is truly 'no strings attached'".
The program does not accept applications. Anonymous and confidential nominations are invited by the foundation and reviewed by an anonymous and confidential selection committee of about a dozen people. The committee reviews all nominees and recommends recipients to the president and board of directors . Most new fellows first learn of their nomination and award upon receiving a congratulatory phone call. MacArthur Fellow Jim Collins described this experience in an editorial column of The New York Times .
Marlies Carruth is the program's current director.
Recipients
Since 1981, 1131 people have been named MacArthur Fellows, ranging in age from 18 to 82.
In the five broad categories defined by the foundation, the breakdown for recipient focus is as follows: Arts 336; Humanities 170; Public Issues 257; STEM 335; and Social Sciences 120.
Of the 965 terminal degrees earned by 928 fellows during the period 1981 through 2018, 540 (56%) are doctorates, with the Ph.D. accounting for 514 (53.3%). Ivy league schools awarded 306 (31.7%) degrees to 300 (32.3%) fellows.
Among the 1131 fellowship awards through the class of 2023, the following ten institutions have the most alumni fellows:
1981
Robert Penn Warren A. R. Ammons , poet Joseph Brodsky , poet John Cairns , molecular biologist Gregory V. Chudnovsky , mathematician Joel E. Cohen , population biologist Robert Coles , child psychiatrist Richard Critchfield , essayist Shelly Errington , cultural anthropologist Howard Gardner , psychologist Henry Louis Gates Jr. , literary critic John Gaventa , sociologist Michael Ghiselin , evolutionary biologist Stephen Jay Gould , paleontologist Ian Graham , archaeologist David Hawkins , philosopher John P. Holdren , arms control and energy analyst Ada Louise Huxtable , architectural critic and historian John Imbrie , climatologist Robert Kates , geographer Raphael Carl Lee , surgeon Elma Lewis , arts educator Cormac McCarthy , writer Barbara McClintock , geneticist James Alan McPherson , short story writer and essayist Roy P. Mottahedeh , historian Richard C. Mulligan , molecular biologist Douglas D. Osheroff , physicist Elaine H. Pagels , historian of religion David Pingree , historian of science Paul G. Richards , seismologist Robert Root-Bernstein , biologist and historian of science Richard Rorty , philosopher Lawrence Rosen , attorney and anthropologist Carl Emil Schorske , intellectual historian Leslie Marmon Silko , writer Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. , astrophysicist Derek Walcott , poet and playwright Robert Penn Warren , poet, novelist, and literary critic Stephen Wolfram , computer scientist and physicist Michael Woodford , economist George Zweig , physicist and neurobiologist 1982
Frank Wilczek Fouad Ajami , political scientist Charles A. Bigelow , type designer Peter Robert Lamont Brown , historian Robert Darnton , European historian Persi Diaconis , statistician William Gaddis , novelist Ved Mehta , writer Bob Moses , educator and philosopher Richard A. Muller , geologist and astrophysicist Conlon Nancarrow , composer Alfonso Ortiz , cultural anthropologist Francesca Rochberg , Assyriologist and historian of science Charles Sabel , political scientist and legal scholar Ralph Shapey , composer and conductor Michael Silverstein , linguist Randolph Whitfield Jr. , ophthalmologist Frank Wilczek , physicist Frederick Wiseman , documentary filmmaker Edward Witten , physicist, creator of the M-Theory 1983
John Sayles R. Stephen Berry , physical chemist Seweryn Bialer , political scientist William C. Clark , ecologist and environmental policy analyst Philip D. Curtin , historian of Africa William H. Durham , biological anthropologist Bradley Efron , statistician David L. Felten , neuroscientist Randall W. Forsberg , political scientist and arms control strategist Alexander L. George , political scientist Shelomo Dov Goitein , medieval historian Mott T. Greene , historian of science James E. Gunn , astronomer Ramón A. Gutiérrez , historian John J. Hopfield , physicist and biologist Béla Julesz , psychologist William Kennedy , novelist Leszek Kołakowski , historian of philosophy and religion Sylvia A. Law , human rights lawyer Brad Leithauser , poet and writer Lawrence W. Levine , historian Ralph Manheim , translator Robert K. Merton , historian and sociologist of science Walter F. Morris Jr. , cultural preservationist Charles S. Peskin , mathematician and physiologist A.K. Ramanujan , poet, translator, and literary scholar Alice M. Rivlin , economist and policy analyst Julia Robinson , mathematician John Sayles , filmmaker and writer Richard M. Schoen , mathematician Peter Sellars , theater and opera director Karen K. Uhlenbeck , mathematician Adrian Wilson , book designer, printer, and book historian Irene J. Winter , art historian and archaeologist Mark S. Wrighton , chemist 1984
Michael H. Freedman George W. Archibald , ornithologist Shelly Bernstein, pediatric hematologist Peter J. Bickel , statistician Ernesto J. Cortes Jr. , community organizer William Drayton , public service innovator Sidney Drell , physicist and arms policy analyst Mitchell J. Feigenbaum , mathematical physicist Michael H. Freedman , mathematician Curtis G. Hames , family physician Robert Hass , poet, critic, and translator Shirley Heath , linguistic anthropologist J. Bryan Hehir , religion and foreign policy scholar Bette Howland , writer and literary critic Bill Irwin , clown, writer, and performance artist Robert Irwin , light and space artist Ruth Prawer Jhabvala , novelist and screenwriter Fritz John , mathematician Galway Kinnell , poet Henry Kraus , labor and art historian Paul Oskar Kristeller , intellectual historian and philosopher Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot , educator Heather Lechtman , materials scientist and archaeologist Michael Lerner, public health leader Andrew W. Lewis , medieval historian Arnold J. Mandell , neuroscientist and psychiatrist Peter Mathews , archaeologist and epigrapher Matthew Meselson , geneticist and arms control analyst David R. Nelson , physicist Beaumont Newhall , historian of photography Roger S. Payne , zoologist and conservationist Michael Piore , economist Edward V. Roberts , disability rights leader Judith N. Shklar , political philosopher Charles Simic , poet, translator, and essayist Elliot Sperling , Tibetan studies scholar David Stuart , linguist and epigrapher Frank Sulloway , psychologist (child birth-order research) John E. Toews , intellectual historian Alar Toomre , astronomer and mathematician James Turrell , light sculptor Amos Tversky , cognitive scientist Bret Wallach , geographer Jay Weiss , psychologist Arthur Winfree , physiologist and mathematician J. Kirk Varnedoe , art historian Carl R. Woese , molecular biologist Billie Young , community development leader 1985
Marian Wright Edelman Joan Abrahamson , community development leader John Ashbery , poet John F. Benton , medieval historian Harold Bloom , literary critic Valery Chalidze , physicist and human rights organizer William Cronon , environmental historian Merce Cunningham , choreographer Jared Diamond , environmental historian and geographer Marian Wright Edelman , Children's Defense Fund founder Morton Halperin , political scientist Robert M. Hayes , lawyer and human rights leader Edwin Hutchins , cognitive scientist Sam Maloof , professional woodworker and furniture maker Andrew McGuire , trauma prevention specialist Patrick Noonan , conservationist George Oster , mathematical biologist Thomas G. Palaima , classicist Peter Raven , botanist Jane S. Richardson , biochemist Gregory Schopen , historian of religion Franklin Stahl , geneticist J. Richard Steffy , nautical archaeologist Ellen Stewart , theater director Paul Taylor , choreographer, dance company founder Shing-Tung Yau , mathematician 1986 Jack Horner Paul Adams , neurobiologist Milton Babbitt , composer and music theorist Christopher Beckwith , philologist Richard Benson , photographer Lester R. Brown , agricultural economist Caroline Bynum , medieval historian William A. Christian , historian of religion Nancy Farriss , historian Benedict Gross , mathematician Daryl Hine , poet and translator John Robert Horner , paleobiologist Thomas C. Joe, social policy analyst David Keightley , historian and sinologist Albert J. Libchaber , physicist David C. Page , molecular geneticist George Perle , composer and music theorist James Randi , magician David Rudovsky , civil rights lawyer Robert Shapley , neurophysiologist Leo Steinberg , art historian Richard P. Turco , atmospheric scientist Thomas Whiteside , journalist Allan C. Wilson , biochemist Jay Wright , poet and playwright Charles Wuorinen , composer 1987 Robert Sapolsky Walter Abish , writer Robert Axelrod , political scientist Robert F. Coleman , mathematician Douglas Crase , poet Daniel Friedan , physicist David Gross , physicist Ira Herskowitz , molecular geneticist Irving Howe , literary and social critic Wesley Charles Jacobs Jr. , rural planner Peter Jeffery , musicologist Horace Freeland Judson , historian of science Stuart Alan Kauffman , evolutionary biologist Richard Kenney , poet Eric Lander , geneticist and mathematician Michael Malin , geologist and planetary scientist Deborah W. Meier , education reform leader Arnaldo Dante Momigliano , historian David Mumford , mathematician Tina Rosenberg , journalist David Rumelhart , cognitive scientist and psychologist Robert Morris Sapolsky , neuroendocrinologist and primatologist Meyer Schapiro , art historian John H. Schwarz , physicist Jon Seger , evolutionary ecologist Stephen Shenker , physicist David Dean Shulman , historian of religion Muriel S. Snowden , community organizer Mark Strand , poet and writer May Swenson , poet Huỳnh Sanh Thông , translator and editor William Julius Wilson , sociologist Richard Wrangham , primate ethologist 1988 Max Roach Charles Archambeau , geophysicist Michael Baxandall , art historian Ruth Behar , cultural anthropologist Ran Blake , composer and pianist Charles Burnett , filmmaker Philip James DeVries , insect biologist Andre Dubus , writer Helen T. Edwards , physicist Jon H. Else , documentary filmmaker John G. Fleagle , primatologist and paleontologist Cornell H. Fleischer , Middle Eastern historian Getatchew Haile , philologist and linguist Raymond Jeanloz , geophysicist Marvin Philip Kahl , zoologist Naomi Pierce , biologist Thomas Pynchon , novelist Stephen J. Pyne , environmental historian Max Roach , drummer and jazz composer Hipolito (Paul) Roldan , community developer Anna Curtenius Roosevelt , archaeologist David Alan Rosenberg , military historian Susan Irene Rotroff , archaeologist Bruce Schwartz , figurative sculptor and puppeteer Robert Shaw , physicist Jonathan Spence , historian Noel M. Swerdlow , historian of science Gary A. Tomlinson , musicologist Alan Walker , paleontologist Eddie Williams , policy analyst and civil rights leader Rita P. Wright , archaeologist Garth Youngberg , agriculturalist 1989 Errol Morris Anthony Amsterdam , attorney and legal scholar Byllye Avery , women's healthcare leader Alvin Bronstein , human rights lawyer Leo Buss , evolutionary biologist Jay Cantor , writer George Davis, environmental policy analyst Allen Grossman , poet John Harbison , composer and conductor Keith Hefner , journalist and educator Ralf Hotchkiss , rehabilitation engineer John Rice Irwin , curator and cultural preservationist Daniel Janzen , ecologist Bernice Johnson Reagon , music historian, composer, and vocalist Aaron Lansky , cultural preservationist Jennifer Moody , archaeologist and anthropologist Errol Morris , filmmaker Vivian Paley , educator and writer Richard Powers , novelist Martin Puryear , sculptor Theodore Rosengarten , historian Margaret W. Rossiter , historian of science George Russell , composer and music theorist Pam Solo , arms control analyst Ellendea Proffer Teasley , translator and publisher Claire Van Vliet , book artist Baldemar Velasquez , farm labor leader Bill Viola , video artist Eliot Wigginton , educator Patricia Wright , primatologist 1990 Paul Ehrlich John Christian Bailar , biostatistician Martha Clarke , theater director Jacques d'Amboise , dance educator Guy Davenport , writer, critic, and translator Lisa Delpit , education reform leader John Eaton , composer Paul R. Ehrlich , population biologist Charlotte Erickson , historian Lee Friedlander , photographer Margaret Geller , astrophysicist Jorie Graham , poet Patricia Hampl , writer John Hollander , poet and literary critic Thomas Cleveland Holt , social and cultural historian David Kazhdan , mathematician Calvin King , land and farm development specialist M. A. R. Koehl , marine biologist Nancy Kopell , mathematician Michael Moschen , performance artist Gary Nabhan , ethnobotanist Sherry Ortner , anthropologist Otis Pitts, community development leader Yvonne Rainer , filmmaker and choreographer Michael Schudson , sociologist Rebecca J. Scott , historian Marc Shell , scholar Susan Sontag , writer and cultural critic Richard Stallman , Free Software Foundation founder, copyleft concept inventor Guy Tudor, conservationist Maria Varela , community development leader Gregory Vlastos , classicist and philosopher Kent Whealy , preservationist Eric Wolf , anthropologist Sidney Wolfe , physician Robert Woodson , community development leader José Zalaquett , human rights lawyer 1991 Taylor Branch Jacqueline Barton , biophysical chemist Paul Berman , journalist James Blinn , computer animator Taylor Branch , social historian Trisha Brown , choreographer Mari Jo Buhle , American historian Patricia Churchland , (neuro)philosopher David Donoho , statistician Steven Feld , anthropologist Alice Fulton , poet Guillermo Gómez-Peña , writer and artist Jerzy Grotowski , theater director David Hammons , artist Sophia Bracy Harris , child care leader Lewis Hyde , writer Ali Akbar Khan , musician Sergiu Klainerman , mathematician Martin Kreitman , geneticist Harlan Lane , psychologist and linguist William Linder , community development leader Patricia Locke , tribal rights leader Mark Morris , choreographer and dancer Marcel Ophüls , documentary filmmaker Arnold Rampersad , biographer and literary critic Gunther Schuller , composer, conductor, jazz historian Joel Schwartz , epidemiologist Cecil Taylor , jazz pianist and composer Julie Taymor , theater director David Werner , health care leader James Westphal , engineer and scientist Eleanor Wilner , poet 1992 Stephen Schneider Janet Benshoof , human rights lawyer Robert Blackburn , printmaker Unita Blackwell , civil rights leader Lorna Bourg , rural development leader Stanley Cavell , philosopher Amy Clampitt , poet Ingrid Daubechies , mathematician Wendy Ewald , photographer Irving Feldman , poet Barbara Fields , historian Robert Hall , journalist Ann Ellis Hanson , historian John Henry Holland , computer scientist Wes Jackson , agronomist Evelyn Keller , historian and philosopher of science Steve Lacy , saxophonist and composer Suzanne Lebsock , social historian Sharon Long , plant biologist Norman Manea , writer Paule Marshall , writer Michael Massing , journalist Robert McCabe , educator Susan Meiselas , photojournalist Amalia Mesa-Bains , artist and cultural critic Stephen Schneider , climatologist Joanna Scott , writer John T. Scott , artist John Terborgh , conservation biologist Twyla Tharp , dancer and choreographer Philip Treisman , mathematics educator Laurel Thatcher Ulrich , historian Geerat J. Vermeij , evolutionary biologist Günter Wagner , developmental biologist 1993 Amory Lovins Nancy Cartwright , philosopher Demetrios Christodoulou , mathematician and physicist Maria Crawford , geologist Stanley Crouch , jazz critic and writer Nora England , anthropological linguist Paul Farmer , medical anthropologist Victoria Foe , developmental biologist Ernest Gaines , writer Pedro Greer , physician Thom Gunn , poet and literary critic Ann Hamilton , artist Sokoni Karanja , child and family development specialist Ann Lauterbach , poet and literary critic Stephen Lee , chemist Carol Levine , AIDS policy specialist Amory Lovins , physicist and energy analyst Jane Lubchenco , marine biologist Ruth Lubic , nurse and midwife Jim Powell , poet, translator, and literary critic Margie Profet , evolutionary biologist Thomas Scanlon , philosopher Aaron Shirley , health care leader William Siemering , journalist and radio producer Ellen Silbergeld , toxicologist Leonard van der Kuijp , philologist and historian Frank von Hippel , arms control and energy analyst John Edgar Wideman , writer Heather Williams , biologist and ornithologist Marion Williams , gospel music performer Robert H. Williams , physicist and energy analyst Henry T. Wright , archaeologist and anthropologist 1994 Ornette Coleman Robert Adams , photographer Jeraldyne Blunden , choreographer Anthony Braxton , avant-garde composer and musician Rogers Brubaker , sociologist Ornette Coleman , jazz performer and composer Israel Gelfand , mathematician Faye Ginsburg , anthropologist Heidi Hartmann , economist Bill T. Jones , dancer and choreographer Peter E. Kenmore , agricultural entomologist Joseph E. Marshall , educator Carolyn McKecuen , economic development leader Donella Meadows , writer Arthur Mitchell , company director and choreographer Hugo Morales , radio producer Janine Pease , educator Willie Reale , theater arts educator Adrienne Rich , poet and writer Sam-Ang Sam , musician and cultural preservationist Jack Wisdom , physicist 1995 Octavia Butler Allison Anders , filmmaker Jed Z. Buchwald , historian Octavia E. Butler , science fiction novelist Sandra Cisneros , writer and poet Sandy Close , journalist Frederick C. Cuny , disaster relief specialist Sharon Emerson , biologist Richard Foreman , theater director Alma Guillermoprieto , journalist Virginia Hamilton , writer Donald Hopkins , physician Susan W. Kieffer , geologist Elizabeth LeCompte , theater director Patricia Nelson Limerick , historian Michael Marletta , chemist Pamela Matson , ecologist Susan McClary , musicologist Meredith Monk , vocalist, composer, director Rosalind P. Petchesky , political scientist Joel Rogers , political scientist Cindy Sherman , photographer Bryan Stevenson , human rights lawyer Nicholas Strausfeld , neurobiologist Richard White , historian 1996 Anna Deavere Smith James Roger Prior Angel , astronomer Joaquin Avila , voting rights advocate Allan Bérubé , historian Barbara Block , marine biologist Joan Breton Connelly , classical archaeologist Thomas Daniel , biologist Martin Daniel Eakes , economic development strategist Rebecca Goldstein , writer Robert Greenstein , public policy analyst Richard Howard , poet, translator, and literary critic John Jesurun , playwright Richard Lenski , biologist Louis Massiah , documentary filmmaker Vonnie McLoyd , developmental psychologist Thylias Moss , poet and writer Eiko Otake and Koma Otake , dancers, choreographers Nathan Seiberg , physicist Anna Deavere Smith , playwright, journalist, actress Dorothy Stoneman , educator Bill Strickland , art educator 1997 David Foster Wallace Luis Alfaro , writer and performance artist Lee Breuer , playwright Vija Celmins , artist Eric Charnov , evolutionary biologist Elouise P. Cobell , banker Peter Galison , historian Mark Harrington , AIDS researcher Eva Harris , molecular biologist Michael Kremer , economist Russell Lande , biologist Kerry James Marshall , artist Nancy A. Moran , evolutionary biologist and ecologist Han Ong , playwright Kathleen Ross , educator Pamela Samuelson , copyright scholar and activist Susan Stewart , literary scholar and poet Elizabeth Streb , dancer and choreographer Trimpin , sound sculptor Loïc Wacquant , sociologist Kara Walker , artist David Foster Wallace , author and journalist Andrew Wiles , mathematician Brackette Williams , anthropologist 1998 Tim Berners-Lee Janine Antoni , artist Ida Applebroog , artist Ellen Barry , attorney and human rights activist Tim Berners-Lee , inventor of the World Wide Web Linda Bierds , poet Bernadette Brooten , historian John Carlstrom , astrophysicist Mike Davis , historian Nancy Folbre , economist Avner Greif , economist Kun-Liang Guan , biochemist Gary Hill , artist Edward Hirsch , poet, essayist Ayesha Jalal , historian Charles R. Johnson , writer Leah Krubitzer , neuroscientist Stewart Kwoh , human rights activist Charles Lewis , journalist William W. McDonald , rancher and conservationist Peter N. Miller , historian Don Mitchell , cultural geographer Rebecca Nelson , plant pathologist Elinor Ochs , linguistic anthropologist Ishmael Reed , poet, essayist, novelist Benjamin D. Santer , atmospheric scientist Karl Sims , computer scientist and artist Dorothy Thomas , human rights activist Leonard Zeskind , human rights activist Mary Zimmerman , playwright 1999 Alison Des Forges Jillian Banfield , geologist Carolyn Bertozzi , chemist Xu Bing , artist and printmaker Bruce G. Blair , policy analyst John Bonifaz , election lawyer and voting rights leader Shawn Carlson , science educator Mark Danner , journalist Alison L. Des Forges , human rights activist Elizabeth Diller , architect Saul Friedländer , historian Jennifer Gordon , lawyer David Hillis , biologist Sara Horowitz , lawyer Jacqueline Jones , historian Laura L. Kiessling , biochemist Leslie Kurke , classicist David Levering Lewis , biographer and historian Juan Maldacena , physicist Gay J. McDougall , human rights lawyer Campbell McGrath , poet Denny Moore , anthropological linguist Elizabeth Murray , artist Pepón Osorio , artist Ricardo Scofidio , architect Peter Shor , computer scientist Eva Silverstein , physicist Wilma Subra , scientist Ken Vandermark , saxophonist, composer Naomi Wallace , playwright Jeffrey Weeks , mathematician Fred Wilson , artist Ofelia Zepeda , linguist 2000 Cecilia Muñoz Susan E. Alcock , archaeologist K. Christopher Beard , paleontologist Lucy Blake , conservationist Anne Carson , poet Peter J. Hayes , energy policy activist David Isay , radio producer Alfredo Jaar , photographer Ben Katchor , graphic novelist Hideo Mabuchi , physicist Susan Marshall , choreographer Samuel Mockbee , architect Cecilia Muñoz , civil rights policy analyst Margaret Murnane , optical physicist Laura Otis , literary scholar and historian of science Lucia M. Perillo , poet Matthew Rabin , economist Carl Safina , marine conservationist Daniel P. Schrag , geochemist Susan E. Sygall , civil rights leader Gina G. Turrigiano , neuroscientist Gary Urton , anthropologist Patricia J. Williams , legal scholar Deborah Willis , historian of photography and photographer Erik Winfree , computer and materials scientist Horng-Tzer Yau , mathematician 2001 Lene Hau Andrea Barrett , writer Christopher Chyba , astrobiologist Michael Dickinson , fly biologist, bioengineer Rosanne Haggerty , housing and community development leader Lene Hau , physicist Dave Hickey , art critic Stephen Hough , pianist and composer Kay Redfield Jamison , psychologist Sandra Lanham , pilot and conservationist Iñigo Manglano-Ovalle , artist Cynthia Moss , natural historian Aihwa Ong , anthropologist Dirk Obbink , classicist and papyrologist Norman R. Pace , biochemist Suzan-Lori Parks , playwright Brooks Pate , physical chemist Xiao Qiang , human rights leader Geraldine Seydoux , molecular biologist Bright Sheng , composer David Spergel , astrophysicist Jean Strouse , biographer Julie Su , human rights lawyer David Wilson , museum founder 2002 Colson Whitehead Danielle Allen , classicist and political scientist Bonnie Bassler , molecular biologist Ann M. Blair , intellectual historian Katherine Boo , journalist Paul Ginsparg , physicist David B. Goldstein , energy conservation specialist Karen Hesse , writer Janine Jagger , epidemiologist Daniel Jurafsky , computer scientist and linguist Toba Khedoori , artist Liz Lerman , choreographer George E. Lewis , trombonist Liza Lou , artist Edgar Meyer , bassist and composer Jack Miles , writer and Biblical scholar Erik Mueggler , anthropologist and ethnographer Sendhil Mullainathan , economist Stanley Nelson , documentary filmmaker Lee Ann Newsom , paleoethnobotanist Daniela L. Rus , computer scientist Charles C. Steidel , astronomer Brian Tucker , seismologist Camilo José Vergara , photographer Paul Wennberg , atmospheric chemist Colson Whitehead , writer 2003 Jim Yong Kim Guillermo Algaze , archaeologist Jim Collins , biomedical engineer Lydia Davis , writer and translator Erik Demaine , theoretical computer scientist Corinne Dufka , human rights researcher Peter Gleick , conservation analyst Osvaldo Golijov , composer Deborah Jin , physicist Angela Johnson , writer Tom Joyce , blacksmith Sarah H. Kagan , gerontological nurse Ned Kahn , artist and science exhibit designer Jim Yong Kim , public health physician Nawal M. Nour , obstetrician and gynecologist Loren H. Rieseberg , botanist Amy Rosenzweig , biochemist Pedro A. Sanchez , agronomist Lateefah Simon , women's development leader Peter Sís , illustrator Sarah Sze , sculptor Eve Troutt Powell , historian Anders Winroth , historian Daisy Youngblood , ceramic artist Xiaowei Zhuang , biophysicist 2004 C. D. Wright Angela Belcher , materials scientist and engineer Gretchen Berland , physician and filmmaker James Carpenter , artist Joseph DeRisi , biologist Katherine Gottlieb , health care leader David Green , technology transfer innovator Aleksandar Hemon , writer Heather Hurst , archaeological illustrator Edward P. Jones , writer John Kamm , human rights activist Daphne Koller , computer scientist Naomi Leonard , engineer Tommie Lindsey , school debate coach Rueben Martinez , businessman and activist Maria Mavroudi , historian Vamsi Mootha , physician and computational biologist Judy Pfaff , sculptor Aminah Robinson , artist Reginald Robinson , pianist and composer Cheryl Rogowski , farmer Amy Smith , inventor and mechanical engineer Julie Theriot , microbiologist C. D. Wright , poet 2005 Jonathan Lethem Marin Alsop , symphony conductor Ted Ames , fisherman, conservationist, marine biologist Terry Belanger , rare book preservationist Edet Belzberg , documentary filmmaker Majora Carter , urban revitalization strategist Lu Chen , neuroscientist Michael Cohen , pharmacist Joseph Curtin , violinmaker Aaron Dworkin , music educator Teresita Fernández , sculptor Claire Gmachl , quantum cascade laser engineer Sue Goldie , physician and researcher Steven Goodman , conservation biologist Pehr Harbury , biochemist Nicole King , molecular biologist Jon Kleinberg , computer scientist Jonathan Lethem , novelist Michael Manga , geophysicist Todd Martinez , theoretical chemist Julie Mehretu , painter Kevin M. Murphy , economist Olufunmilayo Olopade , clinician and researcher Fazal Sheikh , photographer Emily Thompson , aural historian Michael Walsh , vehicle emissions specialist 2006 Regina Carter David Carroll , naturalist author and illustrator Regina Carter , jazz violinist Kenneth C. Catania , neurobiologist Lisa Curran , tropical forester Kevin Eggan , biologist Jim Fruchterman , technologist, CEO of Benetech Atul Gawande , surgeon and author Linda Griffith , bioengineer Victoria Hale , CEO of OneWorld Health Adrian Nicole LeBlanc , journalist and author David Macaulay , author and illustrator Josiah McElheny , sculptor D. Holmes Morton , physician John A. Rich , physician Jennifer Richeson , social psychologist Sarah Ruhl , playwright George Saunders , short story writer Anna Schuleit , commemorative artist Shahzia Sikander , painter Terence Tao , mathematician Claire J. Tomlin , aviation engineer Luis von Ahn , computer scientist Edith Widder , deep-sea explorer Matias Zaldarriaga , cosmologist John Zorn , composer and musician 2007 Shen Wei Deborah Bial , education strategist Peter Cole , translator, poet, publisher Lisa Cooper , public health physician Ruth DeFries , environmental geographer Mercedes Doretti , forensic anthropologist Stuart Dybek , short story writer Marc Edwards , water quality engineer Michael Elowitz , molecular biologist Saul Griffith , inventor Sven Haakanson , Alutiiq curator, anthropologist, preservationist Corey Harris , blues musician Cheryl Hayashi , spider silk biologist My Hang V. Huynh , chemist Claire Kremen , conservation biologist Whitfield Lovell , painter and installation artist Yoky Matsuoka , neuroroboticist Lynn Nottage , playwright Mark Roth , biomedical scientist Paul Rothemund , nanotechnologist Jay Rubenstein , medieval historian Jonathan Shay , clinical psychiatrist and classicist Joan Snyder , painter Dawn Upshaw , vocalist Shen Wei , choreographer 2008 Regina Benjamin Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie , novelist Will Allen , urban farmer Regina Benjamin , rural family doctor Kirsten Bomblies , evolutionary plant geneticist Tara Donovan , artist Andrea Ghez , astrophysicist Stephen D. Houston , anthropologist Mary Jackson , weaver and sculptor Leila Josefowicz , violinist Alexei Kitaev , physicist Walter Kitundu , instrument maker and composer Susan Mango , developmental biologist Diane E. Meier , geriatrician David R. Montgomery , geomorphologist John Ochsendorf , engineer and architectural historian Peter Pronovost , critical care physician Adam Riess , astrophysicist Alex Ross , music critic Wafaa El-Sadr , infectious disease specialist Nancy Siraisi , historian of medicine Marin Soljačić , optical physicist Sally Temple , neuroscientist Jennifer Tipton , stage lighting designer Rachel Wilson , experimental neurobiologist Miguel Zenón , saxophonist and composer 2009 Esther Duflo Lynsey Addario , photojournalist Maneesh Agrawala , computer vision technologist Timothy Barrett , papermaker Mark Bradford , mixed media artist Edwidge Danticat , novelist Rackstraw Downes , painter Esther Duflo , economist Deborah Eisenberg , short story writer Lin He , molecular biologist Peter Huybers , climate scientist James Longley , filmmaker L. Mahadevan , applied mathematician Heather McHugh , poet Jerry Mitchell , investigative reporter Rebecca Onie , health services innovator Richard Prum , ornithologist John A. Rogers , applied physicist Elyn Saks , mental health lawyer Jill Seaman , infectious disease physician Beth Shapiro , evolutionary biologist Daniel Sigman , biogeochemist Mary Tinetti , geriatric physician Camille Utterback , digital artist Theodore Zoli , bridge engineer 2010 Annette Gordon-Reed Amir Abo-Shaeer , physics teacher Jessie Little Doe Baird , Wampanoag language preservation and revival Kelly Benoit-Bird , marine biologist Nicholas Benson , stone carver Drew Berry , biomedical animator Carlos D. Bustamante , population geneticist Matthew Carter , type designer David Cromer , theater director and actor John Dabiri , biophysicist Shannon Lee Dawdy , anthropologist Annette Gordon-Reed , American historian Yiyun Li , fiction writer Michal Lipson , optical physicist Nergis Mavalvala , quantum astrophysicist Jason Moran , jazz pianist and composer Carol Padden , sign language linguist Jorge Pardo , installation artist Sebastian Ruth , violist, violinist, and music educator Emmanuel Saez , economist David Simon , author, screenwriter, and producer Dawn Song , computer security specialist Marla Spivak , entomologist Elizabeth Turk , sculptor 2011 Shwetak Patel Jad Abumrad , radio host and producer Marie-Therese Connolly , elder rights lawyer Roland Fryer , economist Jeanne Gang , architect Elodie Ghedin , parasitologist and virologist Markus Greiner , condensed matter physicist Kevin Guskiewicz , sports medicine researcher Peter Hessler , long-form journalist Tiya Miles , public historian Matthew Nock , clinical psychologist Francisco Núñez , choral conductor and composer Sarah Otto , evolutionary geneticist Shwetak Patel , sensor technologist and computer scientist Dafnis Prieto , jazz percussionist and composer Kay Ryan , poet Melanie Sanford , organometallic chemist William Seeley , neuropathologist Jacob Soll , European historian A. E. Stallings , poet and translator Ubaldo Vitali , conservator and silversmith Alisa Weilerstein , cellist Yukiko Yamashita , developmental biologist 2012 Junot Díaz Natalia Almada , documentary filmmaker Uta Barth , photographer Claire Chase , arts entrepreneur and flautist Raj Chetty , economist Maria Chudnovsky , mathematician Eric Coleman , geriatrician Junot Díaz , fiction writer David Finkel , journalist Olivier Guyon , optical physicist and astronomer Elissa Hallem , neurobiologist An-My Lê , photographer Sarkis Mazmanian , medical microbiologist Dinaw Mengestu , writer Maurice Lim Miller , social services innovator Dylan C. Penningroth , historian Terry Plank , geochemist Laura Poitras , documentary filmmaker Nancy Rabalais , marine ecologist Benoît Rolland , stringed-instrument bow maker Daniel Spielman , computer scientist Melody Swartz , bioengineer Chris Thile , mandolinist and composer Benjamin Warf , neurosurgeon 2013 Tarell McCraney Kyle Abraham , choreographer and dancer Donald Antrim , writer Phil Baran , organic chemist C. Kevin Boyce , paleobotanist Jeffrey Brenner , primary care physician Colin Camerer , behavioral economist Jeremy Denk , pianist and writer Angela Duckworth , research psychologist Craig Fennie , materials scientist Robin Fleming , medieval historian Carl Haber , audio preservationist Vijay Iyer , jazz pianist and composer Dina Katabi , computer scientist Julie Livingston , public health historian and anthropologist David Lobell , agricultural ecologist Tarell Alvin McCraney , playwright Susan Murphy , statistician Sheila Nirenberg , neuroscientist Alexei Ratmansky , choreographer Ana Maria Rey , atomic physicist Karen Russell , fiction writer Sara Seager , astrophysicist Margaret Stock , immigration lawyer Carrie Mae Weems , photographer and video artist 2014 Alison Bechdel Danielle Bassett , physicist Alison Bechdel , cartoonist and graphic memoirist Mary L. Bonauto , civil rights lawyer Tami Bond , environmental engineer Steve Coleman , jazz composer and saxophonist Sarah Deer , legal scholar and advocate Jennifer Eberhardt , social psychologist Craig Gentry , computer scientist Terrance Hayes , poet John Henneberger , housing advocate Mark Hersam , materials scientist Samuel D. Hunter , playwright Pamela O. Long , historian of science and technology Rick Lowe , public artist Jacob Lurie , mathematician Khaled Mattawa , translator and poet Joshua Oppenheimer , documentary filmmaker Ai-jen Poo , labor organizer Jonathan Rapping , criminal lawyer Tara Zahra , historian of modern Europe Yitang Zhang , mathematician 2015 Ta-Nehisi Coates Patrick Awuah , education entrepreneur Kartik Chandran , environmental engineer Ta-Nehisi Coates , journalist and memoirist Gary Cohen , environmental health advocate Matthew Desmond , sociologist William Dichtel , chemist Michelle Dorrance , tap dancer and choreographer Nicole Eisenman , painter LaToya Ruby Frazier , photographer and video artist Ben Lerner , writer Mimi Lien , set designer Lin-Manuel Miranda , playwright, songwriter, and performer Dimitri Nakassis , classicist John Novembre , computational biologist Christopher Ré , computer scientist Marina Rustow , historian Juan Salgado , Chicago-based community leader Beth Stevens , neuroscientist Lorenz Studer , stem-cell biologist Alex Truesdell , designer Basil Twist , puppeteer Ellen Bryant Voigt , poet Heidi Williams , economist Peidong Yang , inorganic chemist 2016 Claudia Rankine Ahilan Arulanantham , human rights lawyer Daryl Baldwin , linguist and cultural preservationist Anne Basting , theater artist and educator Vincent Fecteau , sculptor Branden Jacobs-Jenkins , playwright Kellie Jones , art historian and curator Subhash Khot , theoretical computer scientist Josh Kun , cultural historian Maggie Nelson , writer Dianne Newman , microbiologist Victoria Orphan , geobiologist Manu Prakash , physical biologist and inventor José A. Quiñonez , financial services innovator Claudia Rankine , poet Lauren Redniss , artist and writer Mary Reid Kelley , video artist Rebecca Richards-Kortum , bioengineer Joyce J. Scott , jewelry maker and sculptor Sarah Stillman , long-form journalist Bill Thies , computer scientist Julia Wolfe , composer Gene Luen Yang , graphic novelist Jin-Quan Yu , synthetic chemist 2017 Jesmyn Ward Njideka Akunyili Crosby , painter Sunil Amrith , historian Greg Asbed , human rights strategist Annie Baker , playwright Regina Barzilay , computer scientist Dawoud Bey , photographer Emmanuel Candès , mathematician and statistician Jason De León , anthropologist Rhiannon Giddens , musician Nikole Hannah-Jones , journalist Cristina Jiménez Moreta , activist Taylor Mac , performance artist Rami Nashashibi , community leader Viet Thanh Nguyen , writer Kate Orff , landscape architect Trevor Paglen , artist Betsy Levy Paluck , psychologist Derek Peterson , historian Damon Rich , designer and urban planner Stefan Savage , computer scientist Yuval Sharon , opera director Tyshawn Sorey , composer Gabriel Victora , immunologist Jesmyn Ward , writer 2018 Doris Tsao Matthew Aucoin , composer and conductor Julie Ault , artist and curator William J. Barber II , pastor Clifford Brangwynne , biophysical engineer Natalie Diaz , poet Livia S. Eberlin , chemist Deborah Estrin , computer scientist Amy Finkelstein , health economist Gregg Gonsalves , global health advocate Vijay Gupta , musician Becca Heller , lawyer Raj Jayadev , community organizer Titus Kaphar , painter John Keene , writer Kelly Link , writer Dominique Morisseau , playwright Okwui Okpokwasili , choreographer Kristina Olson , psychologist Lisa Parks , media scholar Rebecca Sandefur , legal scholar Allan Sly , mathematician Sarah T. Stewart-Mukhopadhyay , geologist Wu Tsang , filmmaker and performance artist Doris Tsao , neuroscientist Ken Ward Jr. , investigative journalist 2019 Lynda Barry Elizabeth S. Anderson , philosopher Sujatha Baliga , attorney Lynda Barry , cartoonist Mel Chin , artist Danielle Citron , legal scholar Lisa Daugaard , criminal justice reformer Annie Dorsen , theater artist Andrea Dutton , paleoclimatologist Jeffrey Gibson , artist Mary Halvorson , guitarist Saidiya Hartman , literary scholar Walter Hood , public artist Stacy Jupiter , marine scientist Zachary Lippman , plant biologist Valeria Luiselli , writer Kelly Lytle Hernández , historian Sarah Michelson , choreographer Jeffrey Alan Miller , literary scholar Jerry X. Mitrovica , theoretical geophysicist Emmanuel Pratt , urban designer Cameron Rowland , artist Vanessa Ruta , neuroscientist Joshua Tenenbaum , cognitive scientist Jenny Tung , evolutionary anthropologist Ocean Vuong , writer Emily Wilson , classicist and translator 2020 Jacqueline Woodson Isaiah Andrews , econometrician Tressie McMillan Cottom , sociologist, writer and public scholar Paul Dauenhauer , chemical engineer Nels Elde, evolutionary geneticist Damien Fair , cognitive neuroscientist Larissa FastHorse , playwright Catherine Coleman Flowers , environmental health advocate Mary L. Gray , anthropologist and media scholar N.K. Jemisin , speculative fiction writer Ralph Lemon , artist Polina V. Lishko , cellular and developmental biologist Thomas Wilson Mitchell , property law scholar Natalia Molina , American historian Fred Moten , cultural theorist and poet Cristina Rivera Garza , fiction writer Cécile McLorin Salvant , singer and composer Monika Schleier-Smith , experimental physicist Mohammad R. Seyedsayamdost, biological chemist Forrest Stuart, sociologist Nanfu Wang , documentary filmmaker Jacqueline Woodson , writer 2021 Daniel Alarcón Hanif Abdurraqib , music critic, essayist and poet Daniel Alarcón , writer and radio producer Marcella Alsan , physician–economist Trevor Bedford , computational virologist Reginald Dwayne Betts , poet and lawyer Jordan Casteel , painter Don Mee Choi , poet and translator Ibrahim Cissé , cellular biophysicist Nicole Fleetwood , art historian and curator Cristina Ibarra , documentary filmmaker Ibram X. Kendi , American historian and cultural critic Daniel Lind-Ramos , sculptor and painter Monica Muñoz Martinez , public historian Desmond Meade , civil rights activist Joshua Miele , adaptive technology designer Michelle Monje , neurologist and neuro-oncologist Safiya Noble , digital media scholar J. Taylor Perron, geomorphologist Alex Rivera , filmmaker and media artist Lisa Schulte Moore , landscape ecologist Jesse Shapiro , applied microeconomist Jacqueline Stewart , cinema studies scholar and curator Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor , historian Victor J. Torres , microbiologist Jawole Willa Jo Zollar , choreographer and dance entrepreneur 2022 Moriba Jah Jennifer Carlson , sociologist Paul Chan , artist Yejin Choi , computer scientist P. Gabrielle Foreman, historian and academic Danna Freedman , chemist and academic Martha Gonzalez , musician and academic Sky Hopinka , artist and filmmaker June Huh , mathematician Moriba Jah , astrodynamicist Jenna Jambeck , environmental engineer Monica Kim, historian and academic Robin Wall Kimmerer , botanist and writer Priti Krishtel , lawyer Joseph Drew Lanham , ornithologist Kiese Laymon , writer Reuben Jonathan Miller , sociologist and social worker Ikue Mori , musician and composer Steven Prohira, physicist Tomeka Reid , cellist and composer Loretta J. Ross , human rights advocate Steven Ruggles , historical demographer Tavares Strachan , interdisciplinary artist Emily Wang , physician and researcher Amanda Williams , artist and architect Melanie Matchett Wood , mathematician 2023 E. Tendayi Achiume E. Tendayi Achiume , legal scholar Andrea Armstrong, incarceration law scholar Rina Foygel Barber , statistician Ian Bassin , lawyer and democracy advocate Courtney Bryan , composer and pianist Jason D. Buenrostro, cellular and molecular biologist María Magdalena Campos-Pons , multidisciplinary artist Raven Chacon , composer and artist Diana Greene Foster , demographer and reproductive health researcher Lucy Hutyra , environmental ecologist Carolyn Lazard , artist Ada Limón , poet Lester Mackey , computer scientist and statistician Patrick Makuakāne, Kumu hula and cultural preservationist Linsey Marr , environmental engineer Manuel Muñoz , author Imani Perry , interdisciplinary scholar and writer Dyani White Hawk , multidisciplinary artist A. Park Williams, hydroclimatologist Amber Wutich , anthropologist Notes References
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