ipa/Japanese

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Japanese language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Examples in the charts are Japanese words transliterated according to the Hepburn romanization system.

See Japanese phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Japanese.

Consonants
IPA Example English approximation
Kana Romanization
b しょ, , ァージョン basho, kabin, vājon about
びょうき byōki rebuke
ç と, ひょ hito, hyō hue
ɕ た, っしょ shita, isshō sheep
d うも, dōmo, dōdō today
dz ぜん, あん, ッズ zazen, anzen, kizzu cards
ょじょ, かん, ッジ jojo, kanja, ejji jeep
ɸ fuji between pan and fan
ɡ っこう, りん, んこう gakkō, ringo, ginkō again
ɡʲ ぎょ kigyō argue
h ん, はは hon, haha hat
j くしゃ, yakusha, yuzu yacht
k る, っき kuru, hakki skate
きょうかい, っきょ kyōkai, kekkyoku skew
m かん, ぱい, もんも mikan, senpai, monmon much
みゃ myaku mute
n っとう, たん nattō, kantan not
ɲ わ, んにゃ, ちょう niwa, konnyaku, kinchō canyon
ŋ ご, きょく ringo, nankyoku pink
ɴ にほ nihon roughly like long
p ン, たんぽぽ pan, tanpopo span
っぴょ happyō spew
ɾ く, roku, sora American atom
ɾʲ りょうり ryōri American party
s る, さっそ suru, sassō soup
t べる, とって taberu, totte stop
かい, っちゃ chikai, ketchaku itchy
ts なみ, っつ tsunami, ittsui cats
w さび wasabi roughly like was
ɰ̃ いき, , しん fun'iki, denwa, anshin sin
z ん, zazen, tsuzuku zoo
ʑ かい, じょ mijikai, jojo vision
ʔ あつ atsu'! uh-oh
Vowels
IPA Example English approximation
Kana Romanization
a aru father
e eki bet
i iru meet
shita whispered meet
o oni story
ɯ なぎ unagi shoot
ɯ̥ きやき sukiyaki whispered shoot
Suprasegmentals
IPA Description Example English approximation
ː Long vowel hyōmei, ojiisan re-equalize
Pitch drop [kaꜜki] (牡蠣, 'oyster'),
[kakiꜜ] (, 'fence')
/ˈmæri/ (marry),
/məˈr/ (Marie)
. Syllabification nin'i [ɲiɰ̃.i] higher /ˈh.ər/

Notes

References

  • Fujimoto, Masako (2015). "Vowel devoicing". In Kubozono, Haruo (ed.). Handbook of Japanese Phonetics and Phonology. Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 167–214. doi:10.1515/9781614511984.167. ISBN 978-1-61451-252-3.
  • Kindaichi, Haruhiko; Akinaga, Kazue, eds. (2014). 新明解日本語アクセント辞典 (in Japanese) (2nd ed.). Tokyo: Sanseido. ISBN 978-4-385-13672-1.
  • Maekawa, Kikuo (2020). "Remarks on Japanese /w/". ICU Working Papers in Linguistics. 10: 45–52. doi:10.34577/00004625.
  • Maekawa, Kikuo (2023). "Production of the utterance-final moraic nasal in Japanese: A real-time MRI study". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 53 (1): 189–212. doi:10.1017/S0025100321000050.
  • NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, ed. (2016). NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese). Tokyo: NHK Publishing. ISBN 978-4-14-011345-5.
  • Vance, Timothy J. (2008). The Sounds of Japanese. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5216-1754-3.

See also

Tags:

International Phonetic AlphabetJapanese languageTemplate:IPAWikipediaWikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation

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