Dievs, Svētī Latviju!
Dievs, svētī Latviju! (Latvian pronunciation: ; God Bless Latvia!) is the national anthem of Latvia.
Created in 1873 as a patriotic song, it did not gain official status until 1920.
| English: God Bless Latvia! | |
|---|---|
 Sheet music for the national anthem of Latvia in the handwriting of Kārlis Baumanis. | |
National anthem of Latvia | |
| Lyrics | Kārlis Baumanis, 1873 |
| Music | Kārlis Baumanis, 1873 |
| Adopted | 1920 |
| Readopted | 1990 |
| Relinquished | 1945 |
| Preceded by | Anthem of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic |
| Audio sample | |
U.S. Navy Band instrumental version | |
History and composition
The music and lyrics were written in 1873 by Kārlis Baumanis, a teacher who was part of the Young Latvian nationalist movement. It has been speculated that Baumanis may have borrowed part of the lyrics from a popular song that was sung to tune of "God Save the King", modified them and set them to music of his own. Baumanis's lyrics were different from the modern ones: he used the term "Baltics" synonymously and interchangeably with "Latvia" and "Latvians", so "Latvia" was actually mentioned only at the beginning of the first verse. Later, the term "Latvia" was removed and replaced with "Baltics" to avoid a ban on the song. This has led to the misapprehension that the term "Latvia" was not part of the song until 1920, when it was chosen as national anthem, and the word "Baltics" was replaced with "Latvia".
During the annexation of Latvia by the Soviet Union, the singing of "Dievs, svētī Latviju!" was banned. The Soviet republic of Latvia had its own anthem. "Dievs, svētī Latviju!" was restored as the state anthem of Latvia on 15 February 1990, a very short period before Latvian independence was restored on 4 May.
The anthem's tune was modernized with a new F-major version that is used since 2014; formerly, a G-major version was used on LTV's sign-on and sign-offs daily from 2011 to 2013. However, the G-major version was still played on any occasion (especially and notably, during times of mourning). The current version played on LTV for their sign-on and sign-offs daily is in the key of B-flat major.
Lyrics
| Latvian original | IPA transcription | English translation |
|---|---|---|
𝄆 Dievs, svētī Latviju! | 𝄆 [diævs | svɛː.tiː ɫɑt.vi.ju ‖] | 𝄆 God, bless Latvia! |
Other uses
- The Viesturdārzs park of Riga have a monument to Kārlis Baumanis with the music sheet of Dievs, svētī Latviju! on it.
- Latvian 2 euro coins bear the inscription DIEVS SVĒTĪ LATVIJU around the edge.
See also
Notes
References
External links
- The National Anthem — the website "Welcome to Latvia" has a page about the national anthem with information, sheet music, and sound files.
- Latvia: Dievs, svētī Latviju! - Audio of the national anthem of Latvia, with information and lyrics (archive link)
- Anthem sung at the Latvian Song and Dance Festival in Latvia
- Anthem pipe organ recordings of Christian hymns and sung in church
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