This article is about the ethnic groups and population of Honduras.
Demographics of Honduras | |
---|---|
Population | 9,459,440 (2022 est.) |
Growth rate | 1.19% (2022 est.) |
Birth rate | 17.92 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) |
Death rate | 4.68 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) |
Life expectancy | 75.17 years |
• male | 71.63 years |
• female | 78.82 years |
Fertility rate | 2.01 children born/woman (2022 est.) |
Infant mortality rate | 15.08 deaths/1,000 live births |
Net migration rate | -1.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 30.90% |
15–64 years | 63.20% |
65 and over | 5.90% |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 0.95 male(s)/female (2022 est.) |
At birth | 1.03 male(s)/female |
Under 15 | 1.03 male(s)/female |
65 and over | 0.71 male(s)/female |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Honduran |
Major ethnic | Mestizo (80%) |
Language | |
Official | Spanish |
Spoken | Spanish, Amerindian dialects |
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1791 | 96,421 | — |
1801 | 128,453 | +33.2% |
1881 | 307,289 | +139.2% |
1887 | 331,917 | +8.0% |
1895 | 398,877 | +20.2% |
1901 | 543,741 | +36.3% |
1905 | 500,136 | −8.0% |
1910 | 553,446 | +10.7% |
1916 | 605,997 | +9.5% |
1926 | 700,811 | +15.6% |
1930 | 854,184 | +21.9% |
1935 | 962,000 | +12.6% |
1940 | 1,107,859 | +15.2% |
1945 | 1,200,542 | +8.4% |
1950 | 1,368,605 | +14.0% |
1961 | 1,884,765 | +37.7% |
1974 | 2,656,948 | +41.0% |
1988 | 4,614,377 | +73.7% |
2001 | 6,535,344 | +41.6% |
2013 | 8,303,771 | +27.1% |
Source: INE |
According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects the total population was 10,278,345 in 2021, compared to 1,487,000 in 1950 (a fivefold increase in 60 years). The proportion of the population aged below 15 in 2010 was 36.8%, 58.9% were aged between 15 and 65 years of age, and 4.3% were aged 65 years or older.
As of 2014, 60% of Hondurans live below the poverty line. More than 30% of the population is divided between the lower middle and upper middle class, less than 10% are wealthy or belong to the higher social class (most live in Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula).
Total population (x 1000) | Proportion aged 0–14 (%) | Proportion aged 15–64 (%) | Proportion aged 65+ (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 1 487 | 42.2 | 53.8 | 4.0 |
1955 | 1 717 | 44.3 | 52.3 | 3.4 |
1960 | 2 002 | 46.1 | 50.8 | 3.2 |
1965 | 2 353 | 47.1 | 49.8 | 3.1 |
1970 | 2 691 | 47.7 | 49.2 | 3.1 |
1975 | 3 108 | 47.5 | 49.3 | 3.2 |
1980 | 3 636 | 47.0 | 49.8 | 3.2 |
1985 | 4 238 | 46.2 | 50.6 | 3.2 |
1990 | 4 904 | 45.5 | 51.1 | 3.4 |
1995 | 5 592 | 44.3 | 52.1 | 3.6 |
2000 | 6 575 | 42.8 | 53.5 | 3.7 |
2005 | 7 459 | 40.6 | 55.6 | 3.8 |
2010 | 8 317 | 37.6 | 58.4 | 4.0 |
2015 | 9 113 | 33.7 | 61.9 | 4.3 |
2020 | 9 905 | 30.6 | 64.4 | 5.0 |
Registration of vital events is in Honduras not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.
Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | CBR* | CDR* | NC* | TFR* | IMR* | Life expectancy total | Life expectancy for males | Life expectancy for females |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950–1955 | 84 000 | 40 000 | 44 000 | 52.1 | 24.7 | 27.4 | 7.50 | 169 | 41.8 | 40.5 | 43.1 |
1955–1960 | 95 000 | 40 000 | 55 000 | 51.1 | 21.5 | 29.6 | 7.50 | 154 | 44.6 | 43.0 | 46.3 |
1960–1965 | 108 000 | 40 000 | 68 000 | 49.5 | 18.3 | 31.2 | 7.42 | 136 | 48.0 | 46.3 | 49.8 |
1965–1970 | 122 000 | 40 000 | 82 000 | 48.4 | 16.0 | 32.4 | 7.42 | 119 | 51.0 | 49.2 | 53.0 |
1970–1975 | 133 000 | 40 000 | 93 000 | 45.9 | 13.7 | 32.2 | 7.05 | 104 | 54.1 | 52.1 | 56.2 |
1975–1980 | 150 000 | 38 000 | 112 000 | 44.5 | 11.4 | 33.1 | 6.60 | 81 | 57.7 | 55.6 | 59.9 |
1980–1985 | 166 000 | 36 000 | 130 000 | 42.3 | 9.2 | 33.1 | 6.00 | 65 | 61.6 | 59.4 | 63.8 |
1985–1990 | 180 000 | 33 000 | 147 000 | 39.5 | 7.3 | 32.2 | 5.37 | 53 | 65.4 | 63.2 | 67.7 |
1990–1995 | 195 000 | 33 000 | 162 000 | 37.1 | 6.3 | 30.8 | 4.92 | 43 | 67.7 | 65.4 | 70.1 |
1995–2000 | 198 000 | 33 000 | 165 000 | 33.4 | 5.5 | 27.9 | 4.30 | 35 | 69.8 | 67.5 | 72.3 |
2000–2005 | 197 000 | 35 000 | 163 000 | 31.4 | 5.0 | 26.4 | 3.87 | 31 | 71.0 | 68.6 | 73.4 |
2005–2010 | 201 000 | 37 000 | 164 000 | 27.1 | 4.7 | 22.4 | 3.24 | 28 | 72.1 | 69.7 | 74.5 |
2010–2015 | 23.4 | 4.5 | 18.9 | 2.73 | |||||||
2015–2020 | 21.8 | 4.4 | 17.4 | 2.49 | |||||||
2020–2025 | 20.3 | 4.5 | 15.8 | 2.32 | |||||||
2025–2030 | 18.6 | 4.6 | 14.0 | 2.19 | |||||||
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman) |
Births and deaths
Year | Population | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase | Crude birth rate | Crude death rate | Rate of natural increase | TFR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2010 | 200,293 | 22,843 | 177,450 | |||||
2011 | 201,494 | 25,012 | 176,482 | |||||
2012 | 8,169,047 | 196,119 | 25,249 | 170,870 | 4.5 | 16 | 3.2 | |
2013 | 8,303,771 | 214,442 | 25.8 | 4.6 | 21.2 | 2.7 | ||
2014 | 8,432,153 | 222,901 | 26.4 | 4.5 | 21.9 | 2.7 | ||
2015 | 8,576,532 | 204,594 | 23.9 | 4.5 | 19.4 | 2.6 | ||
2016 | 8,721,014 | 184,312 | 21.1 | 4.5 | 16.6 | 2.6 | ||
2017 | 8,859,980 | 182,280 | 20.6 | 4.4 | 16.2 | 2.5 | ||
2018 | 9,023,838 | 179,842 | 19.9 | 4.5 | 15.4 | 2.5 | ||
2019 | 9,151,940 | 169,548 | 18.5 | 4.5 | 14.0 | 2.5 | ||
2020 | 9,362,596 | 161,404 | 17.4 | 4.45 | 2.4 |
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):
Year | CBR (Total) | TFR (Total) | CBR (Urban) | TFR (Urban) | CBR (Rural) | TFR (Rural) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998–2001 | 4.4 | |||||
2005–2006 | 27 | 3,3 (2,3) | 24 | 2,6 (1,9) | 29 | 4,1 (2,8) |
2011–2012 | 25.6 | 2,9 (2,2) | 24.2 | 2,5 (1,9) | 27.2 | 3,5 (2,6) |
Immigrants in Honduras | ||||
Country | Immigrants | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
United States | 15,000+ | |||
El Salvador | 9,000+ | |||
Nicaragua | 8,000+ | |||
China | 6,000+ | |||
Cuba | 5,000+ | |||
Guatemala | 4,000+ | |||
Mexico | 2,000+ | |||
Colombia | 1,000+ | |||
Costa Rica | 1,000+ | |||
Spain | 1,000+ |
Mestizos (meaning mixed European and Amerindian) have been reported by the CIA World Factbook to be about 87% of the population of Honduras. As in other Latin American countries, the question of racial breakdown of a national population is contentious. Since the beginning of the 20th century at least, Honduras has publicly framed itself as a mestizo nation, along with other Latin American countries such as Guatemala or Mexico, ignoring and at times disparaging both the European component of the population and the surviving Amerindian population that was still regarded as "pure blood". It's well known that many Hondurans of European or almost entirely Amerindian background consider themselves mestizo.
Because of social stigmas attached, many Honduran people denied having African ancestry, and after African descended Caribbean workers arrived in Honduras, an active campaign to denigrate all people of African descent, made persons of mixed race anxious to deny any African ancestry. Hence official statistics quite uniformly under-represent those people who have ancestry in favor of a "two race" solution.
Examples of Honduran mestizos are, Poet Clemetina Suarez, novelist and poet Roberto Sosa, footballer Noel Valladares and former president Manuel Zelaya.
The Amerindian population is the largest minority group in Honduras. The largest Amerindian group are the Lencan people. These people have been living in Honduran territory since before the colonization of the Americas, developing their own societies and civilizations. They still have many communities across the country. According to the 2001 census the Amerindian population in Honduras included 381,495 people (6.3% of the total population). With the exception of the Lenca and the Ch'orti' they still keep their language.
Six different Amerindian groups were counted at the 2001 census:
Examples of Honduran natives are the many Mayan rules of Copan and other Mayan cities, native leaders as Lempira and Cicumba, and environmental and feminist activist Berta Cáceres.
The Afro-Honduran population consist of people of African descent, Garifuna and Creoles. Most of them are descendants of African people brought by the Spanish and other European colonizers between the 16th and 18th centuries. Many of them came from the west African coast, from places like Angola or Senegambia, where European bought slaves for their colonies, while others came from the other colonies in the Caribbean.
Examples of well-known Afro-Hondurans are footballers David Suazo, Victor "Muma" Bernardez, Dr. Emet Cherefant, and Wilson Palacios.
Honduras of European descent or White Hondurans, along with Afro-descendants and Amerindians belong to the minorities of Honduras. Most of the white population are descendants of the Spanish colonists, who mainly came from southern Spain,[citation needed] and inhabit most of the western part of the country. Other populations include descendants of European immigrants who arrived at the beginning of the 20th century. In 2014, there were about 14,000 Hondurans of Italian descent, while there were around 400 Italian citizens. Percentages of whites varied between 4% and 9%,[citation needed] due to the fact that the majority of Hondurans identify themselves as mestizos, regardless of their ethnic and racial category. Which makes it more difficult to study the number of people who fit into the white category in Honduras. In a census a total of 450,000 of people from Honduras have appeared who identify themselves as whites, therefore it gives the percentage is 4%.
However, other studies report that the percentage could rise much more, reaching close to a half a million white people in Honduras, which according to official national sources would make a percentage of between 5% and 6.9% of whites in Hondurans.[citation needed] This is because the majority of whites in Honduras do not identify themselves as Euro-descendants as such, adopting and feeling more identified with the mestizo identity.[citation needed]
Examples of white Hondurans are ex president Simon Azcona del Hoyo, pharmacologist Salvador Moncada, film director Juan Carlos Fanconi, politician Roberto Micheletti, General Florencio Xatruch and former president of the Central American federation Don Francisco Morazán Quezada.
There's a small Chinese community in Honduras. A lawyer of the Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras (CODEH) stated that the Chinese community in Honduras is rather small. Many of the Chinese are immigrants who arrived from China after the revolution and their descendants.
Honduras hosts a significant Palestinian community (the vast majority of whom are Christian Arabs). These Arab-Hondurans are sometimes called "Turcos", because they arrived in Honduras using Turkish travel documents, as their homeland was then under the control of the Ottoman Empire. The Palestinians arrived in the country in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, establishing themselves especially in the city of San Pedro Sula. As mentioned earlier, they are also considered whites in the country's censuses, in total the Arab-Hondurans make up 3% of the Honduran population.
Demographic statistics below are based on the 2022 World Population Review.
Demographic statistics below are based on the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.
9,459,440 (2022 est.)
Mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European) 90%, Amerindian 7%, African descent 2%, White 1%
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Spanish (official), Amerindian dialects
Evangelical/Protestant 48%, Roman Catholic 34%, other 1%, none 17% (2020 est.)
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