Berkanan
Berkanan is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of the b rune ᛒ, meaning birch.
| Name | Proto-Germanic | Old English | Old Norse | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Berkanan | Beorc | Bjarkan | ||
| "birch" | "birch"/"poplar"? | "birch" | ||
| Shape | Elder Futhark | Futhorc | Younger Futhark | |
 | |  | ||
| Unicode | ᛒ U+16D2 | ᛒ U+16D2 | ᛓ U+16D3 | |
| Transliteration | b | |||
| Transcription | b | |||
| IPA | [β] | [b] | [b], [p] | |
| Position in rune-row | 18 | 13 | ||
In the Younger Futhark it is called Bjarkan in the Icelandic and Norwegian rune poems. In the Anglo-Saxon rune poem it is called beorc ("birch" or "poplar"). The corresponding Gothic letter is 𐌱 b, named bairkan.
The letter shape is likely directly based on Old Italic 
𐌁, whence comes also the Latin letter B.
The rune is recorded in all three rune poems:
| Rune Poem: | English Translation: |
| Old Norwegian |
|
| Old Icelandic |
|
| Anglo-Saxon |
|
See also
References
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