Events
January–March April–June April 9 – Marcello Cervini degli Spannocchi is unanimously chosen as the successor to Pope Julius III , who died on March 23, and takes the name of Pope Marcellus II as the 222nd Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church. He will reign for 22 days. April 17 – After 18 months of siege, the Republic of Siena surrenders to the Florentine –Imperial army. May 1 – Foundation of St John's College, Oxford , England, to teach Catholic theology. May 30 – Foundation of Trinity College, Oxford , England, to teach Catholic theology. May 15 – The conclave opens with 42 of the 56 Roman Catholic cardinals to choose a successor to Pope Marcellus II, who had died on May 1. May 23 – Giovanni Pietro Carafa, Cardinal of Naples, is elected as the new Pope after Giacomo del Pozzo fails to obtain the necessary two-thirds approval. Carafa, the 223rd Pope, takes the name Pope Paul IV . May 25 – Jeanne d'Albret becomes the Queen of Navarre upon the death of her father, King Henry II . June 1 – The Treaty of Amasya between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia concludes the Ottoman-Safavid War . June 22 – Adil Shah Suri becomes the Sultan of the Sur Empire at Delhi in India after Sikandar Shah Suri is forced to flee from the Mughal Empire forces.July–September July 12 – Pope Paul IV creates the Roman Ghetto , the first Jewish ghetto in Rome. August 24 – England's Thomas Thirlby , the first and only Roman Catholic Archbishop of Norwich and Queen Mary's envoy to Pope Paul IV , returns to London from bearing a papal bull that confirms Queen Mary's jurisdiction over Ireland. September 25 – The Peace of Augsburg is signed between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor , and the Lutheran Schmalkaldic League , establishing the principle Cuius regio, eius religio , that is, rulers within the Empire can choose the religion of their realm. September – The 1555 Kashmir earthquake causes widespread destruction and death in Kashmir, India. October–December Date unknown Russia breaks a 60-year-old truce with Sweden by attacking Finland. Humayun resumes rule of the Mughal Empire . The Adal Sultanate in the Horn of Africa collapses. English captain John Lok returns from Guinea , with five Africans to train as interpreters for future trading voyages. Richard Eden publishes The Decades of the Newe Worlde or West India , a translation into English of parts of Pietro Martire d'Anghiera 's De orbe novo decades , the Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés work Natural hystoria de las Indias and others, urging his countrymen to follow the lead of Spain in exploring the New World ; the work includes the first recorded use in English of the country name 'China'. Establishment in England of the following grammar schools : Boston Grammar School , Gresham's School at Holt, Norfolk (founded by Sir John Gresham ) and Ripon Grammar School (re-foundation). William Annyas becomes the Mayor of Youghal , Ireland, the first Jew to hold such a position in Ireland. John Dee is charged, but cleared, of treason in England. Orlande de Lassus ' first book of madrigals is published, in Antwerp . Births
King Naresuan January 26 – Charles II, Lord of Monaco (d. 1589 ) February 25 – Alonso Lobo , Spanish musician (d. 1617 ) March 18 – François, Duke of Anjou , youngest son of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici (d. 1584 ) March 21 – John Leveson , English politician (d. 1615 ) March 31 – Elizabeth Stuart, Countess of Lennox , English countess (d. 1582 ) April 21 – Ludovico Carracci , Italian painter (d. 1619 ) April 28 – Karl Friedrich of Jülich-Cleves-Berg , heir apparent of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (d. 1575 ) May 5 – Queen Uiin , Korean royal consort (d. 1600 ) May 9 – Jerónima de la Asunción , founder of the first Catholic monastery in Manila, the Monastery of Santa Clara (d. 1630 ) May 29 – George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes , English earl, general and administrator (d. 1629 ) June 11 – Lodovico Zacconi , Italian composer and music theorist (d. 1627 ) June 13 – Giovanni Antonio Magini , Italian mathematician, cartographer and astronomer (d. 1617 ) June 16 – Duke Otto Henry of Brunswick-Harburg , Hereditary Prince of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Harburg (d. 1591 ) July – Henry Garnet , English Jesuit (d. 1606 ) July 6 – Louis II, Cardinal of Guise , French Catholic cardinal (d. 1588 ) July 17 – Richard Carew , English scholar (d. 1620 ) August 1 – Edward Kelley , English spirit medium (d. 1597 ) September 3 – Jan Zbigniew Ossoliński , Polish nobleman (d. 1628 ) September 21 – John Thynne , English landowner and politician (d. 1604 ) September 23 – Louise de Coligny , princess consort of Orange (d. 1620 ) September 28 – Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne, duc de Bouillon , Marshal of France (d. 1623 ) October 6 – Ferenc Nádasdy , Hungarian noble (d. 1604 ) October 12 – Peregrine Bertie, 13th Baron Willoughby de Eresby , English baron (d. 1601 ) November 8 – Nyaungyan Min , king of Burma (d. 1605 ) December 4 – Heinrich Meibom , German historian and poet (d. 1625 ) December 27 – Johann Arndt , German Lutheran theologian (d. 1621 ) date unknown Lancelot Andrewes , English clergyman and scholar (d. 1626 ) Adam Sędziwój Czarnkowski , Polish nobleman (d. 1628 ) Samuel Eidels , Polish Jewish rabbi and Talmudist (d. 1631 ) Joshua Falk , Polish Jewish rabbi and commentator (d. 1614 ) Elijah Loans , German Jewish rabbi and kabbalist (d. 1636 ) François de Malherbe , French poet (d. 1628 ) Okudaira Sadamasa , Japanese nobleman (d. 1615 ) Konishi Yukinaga , Japanese Christian daimyō (d. 1600 ) Moderata Fonte , Italian poet, writer and philosopher (d. 1592 ) Maria van Schooten , Dutch war heroine (d. 1573 ) Naresuan , King of Ayutthaya (d. 1605 ) Deaths
Pope Julius III Pope Marcellus II King Henry II of Navarre Saint Thomas of Villanova January 14 – Jacques Dubois , French anatomist (b. 1478 ) February 4 – John Rogers , English clergyman (burned at the stake) (b. c. 1505 ) February 8 – Laurence Saunders , English clergyman (burned at the stake) (b. 1519 ) February 9 February 17 – Giuliano Bugiardini , Italian painter (b. 1475 ) March 14 – John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (b. 1485 ) March 23 – Pope Julius III (b. 1487 ) March 27 – Al-Mutawakkil Yahya Sharaf ad-Din , Imam of the Zaidi state in Yemen (b. 1473 ) April 12 – Queen Joanna of Castile , long under confinement (b. 1479 ) April 18 – Polydore Vergil , English historian (b. 1470 ) May 1 – Pope Marcellus II (b. 1501 ) May 21 – George III, Landgrave of Leuchtenberg (b. 1502 ) May 25 June 10 – Elizabeth of Denmark, Electress of Brandenburg (1502–1535) (b. 1485 ) September 8 – Thomas of Villanova , Spanish Roman Catholic bishop and saint (b. 1488 ) October 5 – Edward Wotton , English zoologist (b. 1492 ) October 9 – Justus Jonas , German Protestant reformer (b. 1493 ) October 16 October 26 – Olympia Fulvia Morata , Italian classical scholar (b. 1526 ) November 4 – Agnes of Hesse , German nobleman, by marriage, Princess of Saxony (b. 1527 ) November 12 November 21 – Georgius Agricola , German scientist (b. 1490 ) December – Stanisław Kostka , Polish noble (b. 1487 ) December 9 – Elisabeth of Culemborg , German noble (b. 1475 ) References
This article uses material from the Wikipedia English article 1555 , which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license ("CC BY-SA 3.0") ; additional terms may apply (view authors ). Content is available under CC BY-SA 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses. ®Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wiki Foundation, Inc. Wiki English (DUHOCTRUNGQUOC.VN) is an independent company and has no affiliation with Wiki Foundation.